Cosa mangiare per
vivere felici e a lungo
Andrea Poli
Nutrition Foundation of Italy
Università di Parma
Saturated fats and CVD: a metanalysis
Siri-Tarino PW et al Am J Clin Nutr 2010
Saturated fats and CVD: a metanalysis
OR: 1,00
Siri-Tarino PW et al Am J Clin Nutr 2010
Saturated fats intake and survival after MI:
a cohort study
Diabetici: 13% della coorte
>13,2%
<9,8%
Puaschitz NG et al J Nutr 2014
Milk and CVD: a metanalysis
Soedamah-Muthu SS et al, Am J Clin Nutr 2011
Dairy intake and CVD:
the Rotterdam study
Praagman J et al, Eur J Nutr 2014
Uova e colesterolo alimentare:
un tema da ripensare?
Spence, Jenkins & Davignon, Aherosclerosis 2012
Uova e colesterolo alimentare:
un tema da ripensare?
Spence, Jenkins & Davignon, Aherosclerosis 2012
Colina, produzione di TMAO
e aterogenesi
Colina
Gut
Microbiota
Trimetilamina
Liver
TMAO
Miller CA et al, Am J Clin Nutr 2014
Cholesterol Absorption Markers and CVD:
a metanalysis
Silbernagel G et al, J Am Coll Cardiol, 2013
Olio di oliva V/EV o “normale”
Major CVD events
Guasch-Ferrè M et al, BMC Medicine 2014
Olio di oliva V/EV o “normale”
Major CVD events
Guasch-Ferrè M et al, BMC Medicine 2014
Polyphenol intake and all-cause mortality
risk: a re-analysis of the PREDIMED trial
-37%
Tresserra-Rimbau A et al, BMC Medicine 2014
Dark chocolate consumption and lower HbA1c in children
with diabetes: direct cause or pure happiness?
Patients consumed dark chocolate (25 g/day 2-5 times/week)
or the same amount of milk chocolate
or neither dark nor milk chocolate.
Scaramuzza AE et al, Clin Nutr 2015
Chocolate consumption and risk of diabetes
mellitus in the Physicians’ Health Study
Matsumoto C et al, Am J Clin Nutr 2014
Chocolate consumption and risk of diabetes
mellitus in the Physicians’ Health Study
Matsumoto C et al, Am J Clin Nutr 2014
Chocolate consumption and risk of type 2 DM in
the ARIC study
Greenberg J, Clin Nutr 2014
Dark chocolate intake buffers stress reactivity in
humans
50 g, cont. 125 or 0 mg epicathechin
Wirtz PH et al, J Am Coll Cardiol 2014
Dark chocolate intake buffers stress reactivity in
humans
50 g, cont. 125 or 0 mg epicathechin
Wirtz PH et al, J Am Coll Cardiol 2014
Effect of coffee polyphenols intake on lipid
oxidation: a turkish study in volunteers
IN VITRO
Control
Poly 200µM
Poly 1000µM
Poly 2000µM
Sirota R et al, Mol Nutr Food Res 2013
Effect of coffee polyphenols intake on lipid
oxidation: a turkish study in volunteers
Control
IN VITRO
Control
Coffee A
Coffee B
Poly 1000µM
Poly 200µM
Poly 2000µM
Sirota R et al, Mol Nutr Food Res 2013
Coffee Consumption and Mortality From All
Causes, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer:
A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis
Cardiovascular mortality
Crippa A et al, Am J Epidemiol 2014
Coffee Consumption and Mortality From All
Causes, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer:
A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis
Cancer mortality
Crippa A et al, Am J Epidemiol 2014
Coffee Consumption and Mortality From All
Causes, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer:
A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis
All-cause mortality
Crippa A et al, Am J Epidemiol 2014
Coffee bean polyphenols ameliorate postprandial
endothelial dysfunction in healthy male adults:
a controlled study
Table 3. Postprandial urinalysis and blood chemistry parameters with and without coffee polyphenols.
Time after test meal
Baseline
1h
Placebo
181 ± 9
Bloodoxide
glucose
(mg/dL) (l mol/L)
Nitric
metabolites
Active
26.5 ± 1.8
Placebo
24.1 ± 1.4
Urinary H2O2 (mmol/mgCr)
Active
23.0 ± 3.5
35.0 ± 6.2y
Placebo
25.8 ± 4.0
39.5 ± 6.8y
Urinary TBARS (ng/mgCr)
Active
11.0 ± 0.8
10.7 ± 0.9
Placebo
10.7 ± 0.7
10.2 ± 0.7
Urinary 8-epi-prostaglandin F2a (pg/mgCr)
Active
216 ± 14
Placebo
224 ± 20
p Value
2h
179 ± 9
4h
184 ± 10
6h
187 ± 10y
Group
Time
G
38.1 ± 3.7y,*
30.1 ± 2.3y
32.7 ± 4.3y
27.7 ± 2.7
22.2 ± 2.2
20.0 ± 1.3
0.001
0.001
0.359
36.3 ± 5.0y
34.7 ± 4.2
27.6 ± 3.1
29.6 ± 3.1
34.5 ± 4.8y
34.9 ± 6.2
0.457
0.001
0.914
12.1 ± 0.8y
12.0 ± 0.7
12.3 ± 0.6y
12.5 ± 0.8y
11.1 ± 0.6
10.9 ± 0.6
0.491
0.001
0.908
227 ± 14*
253 ± 16
0.191
0.022
0.112
225 ± 12
217 ± 12
T
Ochiai R et al, Int J Food Sci Nutr, 2015
Coffee bean polyphenols ameliorate postprandial
endothelial dysfunction in healthy male adults:
a controlled study
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Flow Mediated Dilatation
Ochiai R et al, Int J Food Sci Nutr, 2015
Fruit, vegetables and fiber and risk to develop
overweight or obesity.
The Women Health Study.
Rautianien S et al, J Nutr 2015
Fruit, vegetables and fiber and risk to develop
overweight or obesity.
The Women Health Study.
Rautianien S et al, J Nutr 2015
Fruit intake and risk to develop type 2 Diabetes.
A dose-response metanalysis of prospective
studies
Wu Y et al, NMCD 2015
CB-Score (Combined Biomarker Score): vitamin C + ß-carotene + lutein plasma concentrations
For 10g + intake:
Total mortality:
HR 0,89
CVD mortality:
HR 0,80
Cancer mortality: HR 0,91
CHD mortality:
HR 0,66
Liu L et al, Mol Nutr Food Res, 2014
HDL-c / Apo A-I ratio: a shared risk factor fo CVD, Cancer,
and all-cause mortality: data from a very large occupational
cohort (263.000), with a 6-13 years follow-up.
Sung KC et al, Heart BMJ 2015
Sodium, Potassium and all cause mortality:
the PURE Study
O’Donnell M et al, N Engl J Med, 2014
Sodium, Potassium and all cause mortality:
the PURE Study
O’Donnell M et al, N Engl J Med, 2014
Added Sugar Intake and Cardiovascular Diseases
Mortality Among US Adults
Quang Y et al, JAMA Intern Med 2014
Added Sugar Intake and Cardiovascular Diseases
Mortality Among US Adults
15%, 2400 kcal: 90 g sucrose
15%, 2000 kcal, 75 g sucrose
Quang Y et al, JAMA Intern Med 2014
Alcohol intake and all-cause mortality:
the ACS study
Thun M et al, N Engl J Med 1997
Alcohol and all-cause mortality:
a metanalysis of 34 studies
1.015.835 persons, 94.533 deaths
Di Castelnuovo A et al, Arch Int Med 2006
Alcohol intake and cognitive decline or dementia:
a metanalysis of 18 prospective studies.
(35.000 patients, follow-up 2-8 yrs)
+10%
p=n.s.
p<0,05
-28%
100
Non-drinkers
-25%
-26%
Alz. D. Vasc. D. Any D.
Light to moderate drinkers
Heavy drinkers
Anstey KJ et al, Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2009
Jogging and all-cause mortality:
a “J” or “U” shaped association?
Schnohr P et al, J Am Coll Cardiol 2015
Jogging and all-cause mortality:
a “J” or “U” shaped association?
Schnohr P et al, J Am Coll Cardiol 2015