Key Enabling Technologies:
their role in the priority technologies
for the Italian industry
Working document, 1st edition
April 2013
Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
AIRI – Italian Association for Industrial Research
AIRI has been founded in 1974 with the aim of promoting industrial research and innovation and
enhancing co-operation between the private and public sector. Today AIRI is the focal point for
around 100 members: large companies and SMEs active in R&D; universities, public and private
research centers; Industrial associations, scientific parks, financial institutions supporting R&D.
The researchers of AIRI members represent about one third of those operating in the country. Due
to this broad representative base, AIRI is a key opinion leader for decision-makers sustaining
industrial research as strategies for the technological development of the Country.
AIRI/Nanotec IT - Italian Centre for Nanotechnology
AIRI/Nanotec IT, a branch of AIRI established in 2003, is a national bridging point connecting
industry, public research, and governmental institutions active in the nanotechnology field. Its
mission is to promote nanotechnology and its applications in Italy to increase through it the
competitive position of the Country. A great number of the players in this field are amongst its
associates.
© Copyright Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
Reproduction and translation for non-commercial purposes are authorised provided the source is
acknowledged, prior notice is given to the editors and a copy of the finished work is sent to them.
Contact
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Ph: +39 068848831 - +39 068546662
Email: [email protected]
The document may be downloaded from the internet at the AIRI website:
www.airi.it/key-enabling-technologies/
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority
technologies for the Italian industry
Working document:
results of the AIRI Working Group on Key Enabling Technologies (year 2012)
Members of the Working Group AIRI Key Enabling Technologies:
Luigi Ambrosio,
Sandro Cobror,
Marco Falzetti,
Francesco Jovane,
Elvio Mantovani,
Gino Menchi,
Cosimo Musca,
Mauro Varasi,
National Research Council (CNR),
Dep. of Chemical Science and Materials Technology (WG chair)
Mossi & Ghisolfi Group
Centro Sviluppo Materiali & Alliance for Materials (A4M)
Polytechnic of Milano & Manufuture Platform
AIRI/Nanotec IT – Italian Centre for Nanotechnology
Ericsson
STMicroelectronics
Finmeccanica
Editing
Andrea Porcari, Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI)
Acknowledgments
The report is partially based on information from experts of the Working Group of the study
“Tecnologie Prioritarie per l’Industria Italiana: Innovazioni per il prossimo futuro” (AIRI 1).
The report has been realised with the support of the Dep. of Chemical Science and Materials
of the National Research Council (CNR).
Disclaimer:
The opinions expressed in this document are the sole responsibility of the Italian Association for Industrial
Research (AIRI).
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Table of Contents
Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 5
Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 7
Overview of the situation ............................................................................................................. 9
The six Key Enabling Technologies in the national Industry .................................................. 11
Micro and nanoelectronics ......................................................................................................... 12
Nanotechnology ........................................................................................................................ 15
Industrial biotechnology ............................................................................................................. 18
Photonics .................................................................................................................................. 20
Advanced materials .................................................................................................................. 22
Advanced Manufacturing Systems ............................................................................................ 24
Workshop: the Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) for the national industrial system ......... 27
Conclusions and future actions ................................................................................................. 28
Annex I: Correlation matrices: Priority Technologies vs. KETs .............................................. 29
Information and Communication Technologies .......................................................................... 29
Microelectronics and semiconductors ........................................................................................ 30
Energy....................................................................................................................................... 31
Chemistry .................................................................................................................................. 34
Pharma and biotechnology ........................................................................................................ 35
Transport (Road, Rail, Sea) ....................................................................................................... 36
Aeronautics ............................................................................................................................... 37
Manufacturing ........................................................................................................................... 38
Annex II: Workshop proceedings .............................................................................................. 39
Annex III: the AIRI Report: Priority Technologies for the Italian Industry ............................... 40
References .................................................................................................................................. 41
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Introduction
Key Enabling Technologies refer to the following six technology domains:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
micro-nanoelectronics
nanotechnology
photonics
industrial biotechnology
advanced materials
advanced manufacturing systems
Key Enabling Technologies are considered pivotal to foster innovation and market growth of future
high tech goods and services in a variety of industrial sectors, such as automotive, foods,
chemicals, electronics, textiles, energy, environment, pharmaceuticals, construction, aerospace
and telecommunication. KETs will, therefore, play an increasing role for R&D and innovation in
Europe, with remarkable funding to support it and market opportunities expected in a short-medium
term.
An estimate of the overall global market related to the 6 KETs provided a figure of some 650 billion
euro in 2008, expected to rise to more than 1 trillion euro by 2015. In terms of R&D on KETs,
Europe is leading (it holds some 30% of global patent share1), but its lagging behind to other
competing economies, such as USA, in translating this knowledge into marketable products (EC3,
2012). The European Commission High Level Group on KETs has clearly identified the “valley of
death” that divides laboratory research from commercial products as the major gap to overcome to
fully exploit the potential of KETs.
KETs will be a core part of the European Commission programme Horizon 2020, providing specific
and innovative funding instruments toward cooperative research for KETs, focusing on 3 pillars to
overcome the gap mentioned:
Technological research;
KET pilot line and demonstrator projects;
Competitive manufacturing and KET deployment projects.
The recent report (EC3, 2012) “A European strategy for Key Enabling Technologies – A bridge to
growth and jobs” underlines the cross-cutting, systemic relevance of KETs for industrial growth in
Europe and asks to the stakeholders (Member States, industry, academia) a coordinated approach
in R&I policies to fully benefit from the exploitation of KETs.
All the above said three pillars are key issues for Italy’sgrowth. The latest EU innovation
scoreboards (EC4) confirmed the high quality of the national scientific base (e.g. the indicator
related to most cited scientific publications worldwide for Italy is above the EU average) against
moderate performances when patents and R&D intensity in diverse key industry national sector are
considered. The country is classified as moderate innovator, though it is recognized the huge
potential of R&I for the national economy (above all in large national market areas, such as the
production of high-tech and medium-high-tech manufactured goods).
1
Patent data analysis referring to the period 1991-2008 (EC3, 2012)
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
The European approach toward KETs deployment could be an opportunity for increasing Italy R&I
performances and improving the transfer of research results to the market, fundamental for the
benefit of the national industry and economy.
A comprehensive understanding of the national situation on KETs (such as existing competences,
clusters, technology readiness, market development, etc.), in comparison to the EU, is essential to
identify challenges and opportunities that the EU approach to KETs will offer to the national
industrial and R&D players.
AIRI, with the support of the National Research Council (CNR), established in 2012 the Working
Group on “Key Enabling Technologies”, aiming to assess their impact and define a vision on KETs
at the national level.
As said, the value of R&D competences in Italy is well acknowledged and one of the expected
outcomes of the work will be of help to bridge objectives and needs of the industrial research
players with competences and skills of academia, toward technologies and sectors relevant for the
economy of the Country.
To this end, the WG, composed of experts from industry and academia, used as background
information the study on priority technologies for the Italian Industry prepared on a regular basis
(since the ‘90s) by AIRI with the contribution of its members.
Scope of the 1st year of activity of the WG, as detailed in this document, has been to underline the
contribution of KETs to the priority technologies identified in the 2012 edition of the study.
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Methodology
The assessment of KETs impact on the national industrial landscape is based on activities
included in the AIRI report “Tecnologie Prioritarie per l’Industria Italiana: Innovazioni per il prossimo
futuro” (in the following “AIRI Report”). The 8th edition, published at the end of 2012, has been
completed in parallel to the present analysis.
The AIRI report is based on the work of more than one hundred R&D managers, representative of
key industry, private and public research centres in Italy (most of them members of AIRI). The
report provides an overview of industrial technologies selected as priority for their innovation
potential for the impact on national economy in the short to medium time-frame.
As shown in figure 1, the AIRI report identifies 84 priority technologies in relation to 8 industrial
Numero TP per settore
sectors.
Manufacturing
10
ICT
9 Microelectronics Semiconductors
6
Energy
7
Transport (ground,
rail, marine)
19
Chemistry
13
Aereonautics
12
Pharma & Bio
8
Fig.1: Industrial sectors and number of priority technologies
identified in the 2012 AIRI report
Scope of the analysis has been the understanding of the level of contribution of the 6 KETs to the
84 priority technologies, following a 4 steps approach:
•
•
•
•
Analysis of most relevant literature reports on KETs
Definition and features of KETs, comparison with Priority Technologies (see boxes)
Priority Technologies - KETs matrices
Collection of inputs from the working group of the AIRI report, through compilation of
correlation matrixes (see annex I)
Desk analysis
Refinement of information based on the final AIRI report
Final workshop to deepen and discuss the results
The work provided an overview of the impact of KETs on the national industrial landscape, in close
relationship with the technologies and sectors considered in the AIRI report. Therefore, though
representative, the analyses cannot be considered exhaustive of the national situation.
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Key Enabling
Technologies
Priority Technologies
for the Italian industry (AIRI)
Characteristics:
Characteristics:
- Pervasive, enabling processes and
innovation throughout the economy
- Knowledge, capital-intensive
- High R&D intensity
- Rapid and integrated innovation cycles
- High capital expenditure
- Highly skilled employment
- Enabling tech (not products)
- Innovative and of concrete
industrial/business relevance
- Impact on national economy (jobs, export,
competition…)
- Impact on one or more sectors
- 3 years application timeframe
- Integrated in a value chain perspective
KETs are multidisciplinary, trans-sectorial
with a trend toward convergence and
technology integration in a value chain
perspective.
Several of them are capital intensive and
require highly skilled employment
(EC3, 2012)
(AIRI1, 2012)
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Overview of the situation
The European Commission definition of KETs and the definition of Priority Technologies are
closely related, being both enabling technologies characterized by: high R&D intensity, systemic
relevance, substantial industrial value and high potential economic impact. Several priority
technologies are capital intensive and require highly skilled employees.
There are three kinds of relationships between KETs, the identified priority technologies and
related industrial sectors. These are:
A KET is almost coincident with the priority technology sector (this is the case of the
microelectronics and semiconductors and the manufacturing sectors);
A KET is in close relationship with a specific priority technology (e.g. nanomaterials for
catalysis);
One or more KETs contribute to the priority technologies, often enabling solutions with
respect to industrial needs and issues identified.
Micro-nanoelectronics, AMS, advanced materials and nanotechnologies have the largest impact,
contributing to the 50% - 60% of the 84 priority technologies identified, against some 30% of
biotechnologies and photonics (figure 2).
From the point of view of the industrial sectors, all technologies related to microelectronics and
semiconductors, energy, chemistry, pharma and bio, transports, manufacturing include at least one
KET. In the ICT, chemistry and aeronautics sectors the impact (from a quantitative point of view) is
lower, and some technologies show no relationships with KETs (figure 3).
In a nutshell:
KETs contribute to all the 8 Priority Technologies for the industrial sectors
More than 80% of the Priority Technologies includes at least one KET
More than 50% of the Priority Technologies includes at least 3 KETs
This shows the remarkable contribution given by KETs to R&D activities of the national industry, as
represented by AIRI.
Their systemic relevance and cross-cutting character is further underlined by examples of
technologies and applications where almost all 6 KETs contribute: some are wide and complex
areas, such as novel information tech (ICT sector), carbon capture and storage (CCS) (energy
sector) and solutions & technologies to improve performances, energy efficiency and reduce
environmental impact (transport, aeronautics sectors): other are more specific areas, such as
advanced photovoltaic (energy, microelectronics and semiconductors), sensors (ICT,
microelectronics and semiconductors, energy, manufacturing), minimally invasive technologies
(Pharma and Bio).
In all these areas KETs contribute, and often are enabling, to develop components, devices,
systems along the value chain of the technology process or product considered.
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
As far as it regards the technology readiness of KETs affecting the priority technologies, the
situation is multifaceted, as somehow expected by their wide-ranging definition. In effect, KETs are
related both to:
Mature technologies, often already on the market, generally related to incremental
innovation,
and
Emerging technologies, with limited applications available on the market, normally related
to radical innovation.
It’s worth noting that despite their short to medium timeframe, also long term radical innovations
are included in priority technologies, as a key factor to realize high added value products.
The analysis carried out provided some preliminary indications about the technology readiness of
KETs. At least 30% of the identified KETs are related to a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) >6,
with some cases of TRL 8-9 (examples are included in the text).
Photonics
Biotech
Nanotech
Advanced Materials
AMS
Micro-nano
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
KETs in priority technologies (%)
Fig.2: Contribution of the 6 KETs to the 84 Priority Technologies
(percentage of PT affected by KETs on a total of 84 PT).
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
ICT
5/9
MICRO/NANO
6/6
AMS
10/10
TRANS
PORT
Cross Cutting
KETs
19/19
ENERGY
7/7
CHEM
.
11/13
AERO
9/12
PHARMA
/BIO
8/8
Fig. 3: Contribution of KETs to the industrial sectors of the AIRI
report (number of Priority Technologies related to at least one
KET on the total number of PT of each sector).
The six Key Enabling Technologies in the national Industry
The following paragraphs for each of the six KETs include:
1) Overview of the KET:
definition and general data (market, jobs, etc.), whenever available.
2) Impact on the priority technologies of the national industry:
correlation of each KET with the priority technologies, quantitative data and examples
Definitions refer to the European Commission report (EC1, 2009) “Preparing for our future:
Developing a common strategy for key enabling technologies in the EU,”
Macroeconomic data have been collected from: the European Commission High Level Group on
KETs (HLG1,2,3,4,5,6), presentations during the workshop devoted to KETs organized within this
study (paragraph 5), other references provided in the text. Market figures are only indicative. It is
recognized that KETs have a relevant impact on the technologies considered and it might generate
a market that could be also some orders of magnitude larger than that of the technology per se
(HLG1, 2011).
Based on available information, some figures are given as turnover of the specific technology (e.g.
the market of enzymes for industrial biotechnologies), other as turnover related to products
enabled by KETs (e.g. the market of “nano-enabled products”, in the case of nanotechnologies).
Priority Technologies - KETs correlation matrixes, including all data collected, are reported in
Annex I.
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Micro and nanoelectronics
Overview of the KET
Micro-nanoelectronics is closely related to the
semiconductor industry, a sector at the base of the
value chain of diverse products in a large variety of
sectors2.
The semiconductor global market alone is estimated in
about 340 billion dollars (2012), with a forecasted
growth to about 413 billion dollars in 2015. The market
share for Europe is estimated (2011) at about 12,5%
(some 50 $ billion).
Driving
sectors
at
European
level
are
telecommunication,
electronic
applications
for
automotive, consumers products, industrial & medical,
aerospace & defence, data processing.
Definition
Micro and nanoelectronics, including
semiconductors, are essential for all
goods and services which need
intelligent control in sectors as diverse
as automotive and transportation,
aeronautics
and
space.
Smart
industrial control systems permit more
efficient management of electricity
generation, storage, transport and
consumption
through
intelligent
electrical grids and devices
(HLG, 2009)
In Italy there are active facilities of global leaders in the semiconductor market that employ more
than 15,000 employees directly (AIRI1, 2012).
Impact on the priority technologies of the national industry
Micro - nanoelectronics have a strong relevance on all 8 industrial sectors considered in the AIRI
report, contributing to about 60% of the 84 priority technologies. In several cases they are enabler
of solutions of the identified industrial needs, and are related to a high technology readiness level.
Some examples are hereafter cited, selected from the most significant in terms of impact of the
KET micro - nanoelectronics. Overall correlation with priority technologies is reported in Annex I.
Micro-nanoelectronics (and photonics) are the backbone of the ICT sector, with a close relationship
to all priority technologies related to development of hardware solutions.
In novel information technologies, a very ample priority area, micro-nanoelectronics is contributing
to several applications including: management and storage of large and complex sets of data (big
data), hardware solutions for energy efficient ICT systems, development of advanced sensors, and
all technologies suitable for human-machine interface (HMI) and machine to machine systems
(note that these topic, in relation with micro-nanoelectronics, are cited also in the sectors of
transport, aeronautics and manufacturing).
Micro-nanoelectronics has also a significant impact in broadband networking technologies (in
conjunction with photonics), in the development of systems and devices for “home networks” (in
2
When looking at the global market of electronics products, it turns out an overall value of some 1600 billion
dollars (300 billion in Europe). In the sectoral report on micro nanoelectronics (HLG2, 2010) the global
impact of the semiconductor industry is described as: “semiconductors provide the knowledge &
technologies that generate some 10% of global Gross Domestic Product”.
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
particular sensors), in networks security (data and information management), ICT-based logistics
and mobility services technologies (infomobility).
In the energy sector, micro-nanoelectronics enables the development of solar cells for advanced
photovoltaic (silicon, polymers, organic cells). In particular, a priority technology is fully devoted to
multi-junction cells for concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) (included in the micro-nanoelectronics
sector, see below).
The priority area of smart grid/smart metering/smart energy systems, related to an interactive,
intelligent use of electricity networks, provides an ample range of applications for micronanoelectronics systems (in particular sensing, network and communication devices). Examples
are advanced smart metering systems and the Home and Building Management Systems
automation (HMS/BMS) area.
In the pharma and bio sector micro-nanoelectronics provides a strong contribution in the
development of diagnostic devices, in particular for screening and analysis of biological samples, in
several priority areas such as the genomics, proteomics and metabolomics and the technologies
for pharmaceutical chemistry (e.g. lab-on-chips, DNA microarrays and Protein arrays, high
throughput screening and high content screening devices).
Electronics systems, providing improved sensing, monitoring, control and communication
functions, are increasingly affecting the transport sector, in particular automotive. There are plenty
of uses and applications of micro-nanoelectronics, aiming to improve efficiency, performance,
control, safety and security, reduce environmental impact. This KET is included in the majority of
priority area, such as (to a cite a few): power train technologies, telematic technologies for a safe,
efficient and eco-friendly mobility and human-machine interface (road transportation); technologies
for controls and security (sea transportation), information, security & Safety technologies (rail
transportation).
The drivers for micro-nanoelectronics in transportation are shared also by the aeronautics sector,
across several priority areas. Their impact is remarkable in particular in prognostics and condition –
based maintenance systems, autonomous systems technologies and, as in the transport and ICT
sector, the human machine interfaces technologies.
The KET micro-nanoelectronics (and the information technologies enabled by the KET), is
instrumental for the whole area of machinery and equipment production for the manufacturing
sector.
The KET micro-nanoelectronics is almost coincident with the microelectronics and semiconductor
sector considered by the AIRI report and to it are related all 6 priority technologies identified for this
sector. In particular:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Silicon electronic system integration
Photovoltaic applications
Materials alternative to silicon
Heterogeneous Integration: processes, fabrication techniques and design methods
Silicon integration of sensors technologies
Silicon Photonics
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Some technologies and applications are also cited in priority technologies of other sectors (in
particular sensors, photovoltaic, silicon photonics).
Micro nano
ICT
5
Manufacturing
9
Transport
(ground, rail,
marine)
14
Microelectronics Semiconductors
6
Energy
4
Chemistry
1
Pharma & Bio
5
Aereonautics
5
Fig. 4: Distribution per sector of the 49 priority technologies to which
micro nanoelectronics contributes
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Nanotechnology
Overview of the KET
Nanotechnologies can play a key role in the value chain,
enabling new components, systems and processes with
improved performances, efficiency, functionality.
Nanotechnologies are transversal to the other KETs and
the sectors where is expected their largest impact are
numerous and diverse, spanning from materials to
medicine, electronics, energy (production, storage,
transportation), environment, manufacturing processes.
Nanotechnologies – enabled products already on the
market generally belong to the so called first and second
generation of nanotechnologies (passive and active
nanostructures). In short, structural and functional
properties of nanomaterials are used for both technical
applications and consumer products (e.g. lightweight
materials, insulator, surface treatments, sensors,
cosmetics, etc).
Definition
Nanotechnology holds the promise of
leading to the development of smart
nano and micro devices and systems
and to radical breakthroughs in vital
fields such as healthcare, energy,
environment and manufacturing
(HLG, 2009)
Nanotechnology is the application of
scientific knowledge to control and
utilize matter in the size range 1 nm to
100 nm, where entirely new physical
and chemical, size-related properties
and phenomena can emerge. This
often results in new, exciting and
different characteristics that can
generate a vast array of novel
products.
(ISO TC 229, 2011)
Despite this kind of use already at hand,
nanotechnologies are generally considered at an early
stage of maturity, with a medium - long term perspective
for a full fledged market. The global market of nano-related products is estimated at about 250
billion dollars (2009), with a forecasted growth to some 1-3 trillion dollars in 20153 and beyond
(HLG3, 2010).
In Italy, there are about 200 organizations with specific R&S activities on nanotechnologies, about
half of them private. The number of companies has been growing in the last years, in particular
SMEs (they represent about 70% of the total) (WS6).
Impact on the priority technologies of the national industry
Nanotechnologies, and nanomaterials, are related to all 8 industrial sectors considered in the AIRI
report, contributing to about 50% of the 84 priority technologies. Potential impact and technology
readiness vary substantially depending from the application considered.
Some examples are hereafter cited, selected from the most significant in terms of impact of the
KET nanotechnology. Overall correlation with priority technologies is reported in Annex I.
Since some years, the microelectronics and semiconductors sector use manufacturing process at
the nanoscale to produce silicon based systems and devices (components).
Nanotech is widely used in the priority area about silicon integration of sensors technologies, in
order to produce devices with different functions (sensing chemical, biological, physical,
3
Figures for nano-related products refer to the value of products into which nanomaterials are incorporated
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
mechanical properties) for applications in a variety of industrial sectors (they are also cited in the
ICT, transport, energy, aeronautics and manufacturing sectors).
Photovoltaic applications in the semiconductors sector include silicon based systems, such as
multijunction solar cells for concentrator photovoltaic and thin film (amongst nanomaterials cited
are silicon quantum dot and silicon nanoparticles).
Also in the energy sector nanotech is related to advanced photovoltaics, such as quantum dots
cells, organics cells, Dye-sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC).
Other priority areas in this sector include: the technologies for power generation and advanced
materials, where nanomaterials are mainly used in combined cycles and supercritical cycles
machines/plants (structural parts) and in fuel cells; the Carbon capture and storage (CCS)
technologies, where nanomaterials are used for improving equipments performances, chemicalphysical processes, catalysis, environmental remediation.
In the chemistry sector, nanomaterials are used as catalyst for various industrial processes, for
environmental monitoring (membranes, devices), and for different applications in the
manufacturing industry (construction and active materials for the packaging).
In the aeronautics and transport sector there is a wide range of actual and potential uses of
nanomaterials for structural and functional purposes (e.g. nanocomposite, nanoporous materials,
nanostructured alloys, nanofluids, coatings and others), aiming to introduce novel functions,
improve performances and energy efficiency, environmental impact of materials, structures and
processes.
Therefore, several priority areas in these sectors includes nanotechnologies, such as (examples):
Power Train technologies (including propulsion systems, transmission systems, fuels) and
materials for green automotive (transport), technologies for materials, production and maintenance
processes for aero structures and engines and technologies for low emission engines
(aeronautics).
In the pharma & bio sector, nanotechnologies (and nano-biotechnology) promise to provide
technology breakthroughs for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic systems. The
time to market for R&D in this sector is often considered to be of quite long term, and only few
nano-based drugs (at the global level) have been already approved for use on the market, but R&D
on nanotechnologies is generally recognized as strategic. Most of the priority areas of the sector
include nanotechnologies.
An important contribution is provided in the technologies for pharmaceutical chemistry and the
genomics, proteomics and metabolomics areas (in conjunction also with micro-nanoelectronics),
where diagnostic devices using components at the nanoscale are at an advanced stage of
development.
Progress has been made also in nanomaterials and nanosystems for the targeted delivery of drugs
(treatment of cancer is an area of particular interest) and contrast agents for molecular Imaging.
Nanoparticles (such as solid lipid nanoparticles, dendrimers, polymer nanoparticles) often enable
theranostic, i.e. the combination of diagnostic and therapeutic functions.
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Nanomaterials, in conjunction with all other KETs, are also important for future minimally invasive
technologies.
In the manufacturing sectors, nanomaterials contribute to high performance sensors and
mechatronics components, and for improving performances, efficiency and environmental impact
of machines and systems.
Nanotech
Manufacturing
2
ICT
4
Transport
(ground, rail,
marine)
14
Aereonautics
Pharma & Bio
4
5
Micronanoelectronics
4
Energy
5
Chemistry
5
Fig. 5: Distribution per sector of the 41 priority technologies
to which nanotechnology contributes
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Industrial biotechnology
Overview of the KET
Producing renewable raw materials by means of
biotechnologies is one of the most promising
approaches to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and
to improve performances and sustainability of industrial
processes.
Biotechnology is being integrated in a growing number
of conventional products and processes in order to
improve
quality,
performances
and
reducing
environmental impact, contributing to the so called “bioeconomy”.
Definition
Industrial biotechnology – also known
as white biotechnology – uses
enzymes and micro-organisms to
make bio-based products in sectors as
diverse as chemicals, food and feed,
healthcare, detergents, paper and
pulp, textiles and bioenergy.
(HLG, 2009)
The impact of biotechnology, including the pharmaceutical sector (red biotech), agrifood (green
biotech) and industrial biotechnologies (white biotech), is continuously increasing. White biotech is
cross cutting, including the production of bio specialities, biomaterials, bio fuels, chemicals and
other bio-based products for a variety of sectors.
Considering the market generated by “bio-based” industries in Europe, the sector bio-chemicals
and plastic contributes for about 50 billion euro, enzymes for 0,8 billion euro and bio fuels for 6
billion euro. When the market related to other sectors using biotechnology its included (food,
agriculture, paper/pulp, forestry/wood industries, fisheries) the overall figure for the EU bioeconomy market is close to 2000 billion euro (WS4).
Italy is well positioned in the European biotech landscape, being third after Germany and UK for
number of “pure biotech” companies4. A total of 400 companies are active in the different biotech
areas. The companies involved in the red biotech are actually prevailing (more than half of the
total), though with a relevant and increasing activity in the green and white biotech. About 80% of
the players are small or micro enterprises.
Impact on the priority technologies of the national industry
Biotechnologies are related to six of the industrial sectors considered in the AIRI report,
contributing to about 30% of the priority technologies, with increasing potential of application in the
medium to long term.
Some examples are hereafter cited, selected from those most significant in terms of impact of the
KET biotechnology. Overall correlation with priority technologies is reported in Annex I.
In the energy sector, there is a direct relationship of biotechnology with the use of biomass for
electric and thermal energy production (second generation bio fuels, from renewable resources
and waste, cited also in the chemistry and transport sector) and a relevant contribution in various
chemical and physical processes related to carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies.
4
Most of data reported, and references to “pure biotech” industry, are taken by “Report on biotechnology in
Italy Assobiotec 2012”, Assobiotec and Ernst & Young.
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Similarly, in the chemistry sector is underlined the strong contribution to renewable resources
technologies, including high potential sectors such as bio refinery processes, bio fuels (bio
ethanol), II generation biochemicals, biopolymers (mainly rubber production), and hydrogen
production.
In the pharma & bio sector, biotechnology is enabling biomolecular production and biomarkers
(predictive biomarkers and surrogate endpoint), and provides relevant contribution to minimally
invasive and advanced therapies technologies.
In the transport sector, biotechnology main contributions are in power train technologies to reduce
environmental impact (in particular bio fuels) and technologies to optimise security, quality and
costs and maintaining performance and recycling standards of vehicle systems (such as
development of renewable, biocompatible materials and on board sensors for monitoring of
biological/physiological parameters).
Fig. 6: Distribution per sector of the 24 priority technologies to
which biotechnology contributes
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Photonics
Overview of the KET
Photonics is increasingly pervasive in a multiplicity of
applications and products, both for industrial and
consumer uses.
The current global market of photonics is estimated to
be more than 300 billion euro, with an annual growth
in the range of 8-10%. Europe holds about the 20% of
this market (about 60 billion euro). Several market
leader and more than 5000 highly innovative SMEs
are active in EU. It is estimated that photonics employs
about 300,000 people directly. Different sources gave
to the Italian market a share between the 8% and the
18% of the EU market. The number of companies in
Italy is around 200, several of them are SMEs5.
Definition
Photonics is a multidisciplinary domain
dealing with light, encompassing its
generation,
detection
and
management. Among other things it
provides the technological basis for the
economical conversion of sunlight to
electricity which is important for the
production of renewable energy, and a
variety of electronic components and
equipment such as photodiodes, LEDs
and lasers.
(HLG, 2009)
Impact on the priority technologies of the national industry
Photonics are related to all 8 industrial sectors considered in the AIRI report, contributing to about
30% of the 84 priority technologies. They refer to a wide spectrum of technologies, some already
mature (as confirmed by market figures), though still with potential for further development and
innovation.
Relevant examples are the technologies for silicon integration of optoelectronic and photonic
components (silicon photonics), area of convergence between the KET photonics and micro
nanoelectronics. Developments in this area will have a huge impact in the improvement of telecom
infrastructure, as well as in several of the other applications of the two KETs.
Some examples of priority technologies (and related applications) are hereafter cited, selected
from the most significant in terms of impact of the KET photonics. Overall correlation with priority
technologies is reported in Annex I.
In the ICT sector, photonics strongly contributes to access, distribution, transmission of data in
broadband networking technologies (e.g. technologies such as ultra low-loss optical fibres, novel
optical techniques for signal processing), with a strategic relevance considering the evolution
toward wireline and wireless wide bandwidth and ultra-wide bandwidth communications. Photonics
is also key in home networks technologies and for developments in networks security solutions.
Both in the ICT and the microelectronics and semiconductors sector, a relevant contribution is
given to development of sensors, signal processing devices, optical fibres (for improved
transmission and interconnections), lasers, optical, optoelectronics and photonics components.
5
Source of data are the workshop organised within this study (WS3) the report of the Italian platform on
photonics (“Phorit: la fotonica in Italia”, 2008), the website of European photonic platform (Photonics 21).
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
In the energy sector, photonics has a key role for the national industry regarding technologies for
solar energy harvesting (advanced photovoltaics, concentrating solar power –CSP- technologies)
and for the development of energy management systems (smart grid/smart metering/smart
energy).
In the pharma and bio sector, photonics is contributing to minimally invasive technologies (e.g.
photo dynamic therapies) and molecular imaging.
In the transport sector photonics regards the technologies to optimise security, quality and costs
and maintaining performance and recycling standards of vehicle systems (such as image sensors,
LEDs, OLEDs and other lighting solutions) and the technologies to improve energy efficiency of
vehicle systems (in particular photovoltaics).
In the manufacturing sector, photonics contributes in particular to high performance sensors and
mechatronics components, and technologies for control, monitoring, maintenance, diagnostic of
manufacturing systems, aiming to improve systems life cycle, quality and efficiency.
Fotonica
Manufacturing
2
ICT
4
Transport
(ground, rail,
marine)
5
Aereonautics
1
Microelectronics Semiconductors
5
Pharma & Bio
Chemistry Energy
2
3
1
Fig. 7: Distribution per sector of the 23 priority technologies to
which photonics contributes
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Advanced materials
Overview of the KET
Advanced materials are easily recognized as an enabling,
cross cutting technology: they are at the beginning of the
value chain of manufactured products, in a variety of
sectors, as well as a product themselves (such as in the
chemistry and pharma sectors, extending the material
concept also to biological and bioactive substances).
Advanced materials allow realising products having novel
and improved properties and functionalities, and
substituting existing materials with others having
improved performances, efficiency, environmental impact.
They play an essential role both concerning shortage of
raw materials and product sustainability.
Definition
Advanced materials offer major
improvements in a wide variety of
different fields, e.g. in aerospace,
transport, building and health care.
They facilitate recycling, lowering the
carbon footprint and energy demand
as well as limiting the need for raw
materials that are scarce in Europe.
(HLG, 2009)
Considering only the market of advanced materials (not of products related to these materials)
estimates are in the range of 50 - 100 billion euro. Amongst the sectors most affected by advanced
materials are ICT, health, energy, environment, transport (EC1, 2009).
At the national level, a strong contribution to advanced materials is given by the chemical
manufacturing sector, being Italy third at European level behind Germany and France.
Impact on the priority technologies of the national industry
Advanced materials are related to all 8 industrial sectors considered in the AIRI report, with a large
and cross cutting impact, likely even more relevant than their explicit indication in the report (55%
of priority technologies).
They are mentioned in almost all priority technologies related to the transport sector and in the
majority of those for aereonautics, chemistry and energy sectors.
The national industry is increasingly looking for materials with tailored, specific property and
functionalities, for qualifying and adding value to products and processes, and realising innovative
components and structures.
All industrial sectors and priority technologies take advantage of a wide range of advanced
materials. These are designed and implemented in the value chain to improve structural
performances, characteristics and functionalities, providing novel physical-mechanical, chemicalphysical, electro-magnetical, aesthetic properties, active, intelligent, etc.
Sustainability is another common and acknowledged driver for materials development in the
national industrial sectors taken into consideration, both in terms of advantages that they can
enable and of requirements needed for their use in industrial processes and products.
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Key aspects are improvements in the environmental impact and the energy efficiency of industrial
processes and products, and ensuring an high level of attention regarding health and safety issues
(this latter aspect is considered in detail in the chemistry sector, within the framework of REACH6).
Some examples of priority technologies (and related applications) are hereafter cited, including
only the case where advanced materials are considered as an integral part of the objective of
priority technologies (overall correlation is reported in Annex I)
-
In the microelectronics and semiconductors sector the materials alternative to silicon, such
as Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Gallium Nitride (GaN).
-
In the energy sector, the technologies for power generation and advanced materials
(combined cycles and advanced materials; natural gas power plants; supercritical cycles
and advanced materials for clean coal technologies; fuel cells).
-
In the chemistry sector the structural materials for the manufacturing industry (concrete
formulations; hybrid organic and inorganic materials; active, intelligent and barrier materials
for food packaging) and the technologies for the use and production of biopolymers for
rubber production.
-
In the pharma and bio sector the minimally invasive technologies, including biocompatible
materials for orthopedics and cardiovascular diseases (e.g. pyrolitic carbon for artificial
heart valve).
-
In the transport sector the green automotive materials for energy efficiency and
performances of the vehicle.
-
In the aeronautic sector the technologies for materials, production and maintenance
processes for aerostructures and engines.
-
In the manufacturing sector the structural materials for components, machines and systems
to improve performances, reduce use of resources and environmental impact.
Materiali avanzati
Manufacturing
4
ICT
1
Microelectronics Semiconductors
6
Energy
6
Transport
(ground, rail,
marine)
16
Chemistry
7
Aereonautics
4
Pharma & Bio
2
Fig 8: Distribution per sector of the 46 priority technologies to
which advanced materials contributes
6
R.E.A.C.H. - Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemical substances, Regulation
th
(EC) n. 1907/2006 European Parliament and the European Council, December 18 , 2006.
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Advanced Manufacturing Systems
Overview of the KET
Advanced manufacturing systems have a broad
definition, cross cutting with the other KETs as well as
across sectors, technologies and processes. As
underlined by the European Commission High Level
Group they can “help improve cost, quality, energy use
and safety aspects of products enabled by KETs
alongside the value chain, by streamlining the design,
manufacture, testing, handling, packaging, storage,
distribution and recycling processes.” (HLG 7, 2011).
Production of AMS is enabled by the other 5 KETs,
being themselves high tech and high value added
goods.
AMS are enabling for the manufacturing industry, and
the first contributor to the EU economic growth.
Overall,
considering
all
sectors,
European
manufacturing turnover is estimated in some 7,000
billion euro with more than 2 million enterprises and 30
million employees directly employed.
Definition
Advanced Manufacturing Systems
(AMS) comprise production systems
and associated services, processes,
plants and equipment, including
automation, robotics, measurement
systems,
cognitive
information
processing, signal processing and
production control by high-speed
information
and
communication
systems.
AMS are essential for
productivity gains across sectors such
as
the
aerospace,
automotive,
consumer
products,
electronics,
engineering, energy-intensive, food
and agricultural as well as optical
industries.
(HLG, 2009)
At the national level, overall manufacturing turnover is estimated in 840 billion euro, more than 4
million employees (directly employed) and 500,000 enterprises. The manufacturing industry in Italy
is second at European level, just after Germany. Amongst the largest manufacturing sectors in Italy
are mechanicals, machinery, chemicals, pharma, plastics, food and textiles (WS).
Impact on the priority technologies of the national industry
AMS are related to all 8 industrial sectors considered in the AIRI report, with a large and cross
cutting impact, llkely even more relevant than their explicit indication in the report (55% of priority
technologies).
Some examples are hereafter cited, selected from the most significant in terms of impact of the
KET AMS. Overall correlation with priority technologies is reported in Annex I.
In the ICT sector, AMS give a relevant contribution to the novel information technologies (e.g.
managing, processing, storing of large and complex set of data, hardware and software solutions
for energy efficient ICT systems), the broadband networking technologies, and the technologies
for ICT-based logistics and mobility services (infomobility).
Micro and nanofabrication tools and techniques are essential for the development of the whole
microelectronics and semiconductor sector and therefore relevant for all 6 priority technologies of
the sector. AMS are explicitly mentioned regarding processes, fabrication techniques and design
methods for heterogeneous Integration (3D packaging, including integration of passive
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
components, system-on-chip and printed circuit board and electromechanical and photonic
components).
In the energy sector AMS plays a relevant role in almost all priority technologies, concerning the
improvement of industrial processes and equipments for energy production, transport, storage and
distribution. Examples include the technologies for power generation and advanced materials (e.g.
combined cycles and advanced materials for natural gas power plants; supercritical cycles and
advanced materials for clean coal technologies; fuel cells), the technologies for energy efficiency
(e.g. absorption and adsorption solar cooling systems; industrial processes and systems for the
exploration and use of geothermal energy; combustion technologies for CO2 captures), the
technologies for smart grid/smart metering/smart energy.
In the chemistry sector, examples of contribution of AMS are the renewable resources
technologies, including bio refinery and bio ethanol processes and the production of alternative
feedstocks for energy and chemical products.
In the pharma and bio sector examples of use of AMS are in genomics, proteomics and
metabolomics and in minimally invasive technologies.
AMS are key for all the transport sector, both regarding manufacturing of vehicles, trains and ships
and aspects related to the logistic of transport systems. As for the former, examples of relevant
contribution are in the power train technologies to reduce environmental impact, and in the
technologies to improve energy efficiency, optimise security, quality and costs, maintaining
performance and recycling standards of vehicles. As for the latter, examples are the technologies
to improve quality and efficiency of processes for people and goods transportations (Sea
transportation) and the cross cutting area of multimodal transportation (communication and
information management systems, command and control systems).
In the aeronautic sector relevant examples are the technologies for materials, production and
maintenance processes for aerostructures and engines (e.g. structural health management,
prognostic, maintenance repair and overhaul), the technologies for environmental impact reduction
(e.g. eco-design and environmental impact modelling), the technologies for low emission engines
(e.g. turbine thermal control systems, advanced modelling) and the technologies for conventional
and innovative engine design.
The KET AMS is almost coincident with the manufacturing sector considered by the AIRI report
and to it are related all the 10 priority technologies identified for this sector. In particular:
1. Methodologies and standards for the design of complex machinery and manufacturing
systems: IT tools and novel design approaches
2. Knowledge based CAD-CAM tools for the design and production of high quality, high
variety products
3. Methodologies and standards for the automation and integration of complex manufacturing
systems for on demand and just in time production
4. Internet based ICT technologies for supply chain Integration and real –time decision
making (retailer, supplier, manufacturers)
5. Technologies for control, monitoring, maintenance, diagnostic to improve life cycle and
efficiency of manufacturing systems
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
6. Software technologies and solutions for real time planning and management of
manufacturing and logistics (in the factory and along the supply chain), to address flexibility
and time to market requirements
7. High performance sensors and mechatronics components for manufacturing and final
products efficiency and quality
8. Environmental friendly machines and systems design and architectures, to optimise energy
efficiency and environmental impact of manufacturing systems
9. Environmental friendly processes technologies to reduce emissions and use of resources of
industrial processes
10. Structural materials for components, machines and systems to improve performances,
reduce use of resources the environmental impact
AMS
Manufacturing
10
ICT
5
Microelectronics Semiconductors
6
Transport
(ground, rail,
marine)
10
Energy
6
Chemistry
Aereonautics
Pharma & Bio 5
4
1
Fig 9: Distribution per sector of the 47 priority technologies
where advanced materials contributes
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Workshop: the Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) for the national
industrial system
The workshop “Key Enabling Technologies: a link between public and private research” has been
held at the CNR headquarters in Roma (December 5th, 2012) as part of the present study, with the
aim to present the following:
The framework agreement on KETs within AIRI and the National Research Council (CNR)
Opportunities and challenges of KETs within Horizon 2020
The contribution of KETs on the national industrial research
Case-studies of public and private key players
The framework agreement, signed in July 2012, and launched during the event, aims to integrate
national industrial research priority with the portfolio of activities and knowledge of public research
on KETs R&D.
More than 90 delegates attended the event to deepen
the importance of KETs for the national industry in a
short and long term perspective. The programme of the
day is reported in annex I, including links to download
the presentations.
The general outcomes of the event are well
represented by the conclusions provided by the lecture
from Gabriel Craen (CEA and vice-chair EC-HLG on
KETs), relevant also at the national level. Essential
aspects for the development of KETs are:
-
Others
12%
Industry
28%
University
12%
Research
centres
(others)
5%
CNR
43%
Fig 10: Type of workshop delegates
The relevance of KETs respect to the 3 pillars of the EU Agenda 2020: “smart, sustainable,
economic growth”;
Europe is a leader in KETs R&D;
The need to translate R&D capability and capacity into prototypes, markets and jobs;
An integrated KETs strategic programme, at national and international level and linked with
adequate financial resources, is needed to take advantage of KETs;
It must be assured an industrial approach to R&D at TRL level 5-8.
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Conclusions and future actions
The analysis provided an overall picture of the role of KETs in key sectors for the Italian economy,
with reference to the AIRI report on priority technologies.
The relevance of KETs for the national industry is evident: KETs contributes to all industrial sectors
and in the majority of priority technologies, with a cross-cutting impact on the value chain of the
various applications and products considered.
There are drivers and challenges shared amongst sectors and technologies, in close relationship
with the priority set in Horizon 2020:
Competitiveness: R&I as a leverage for industry growth
Responsible Research and Innovation: priority to societal issues, responsibility, safety and
regulation, and
Sustainability: quality, efficiency, environmental aspects, reducing the use of non renewable
resources, recycling
Concerning the stage of maturity of the KETs identified in the report, the situation is diversified:
some have a strong innovation potential in the medium or long-term (often promising real
technological breakthrough), while others are already in a demonstration or market phase.
These results underlines the need for a coordinated and synergic approach on KETs amongst
national stakeholders, in order to appraise strengths and opportunities and allow comparing and
interacting with EU initiatives in the most structured and efficient way.
Cooperation between public and private research is essential to foster technology transfer and
intellectual property appraisal on KETs, and moving from the lab to the market.
In conclusion:
The national industry has a relevant activity in the technology domains (KETs) identified as
a priority for industrial growth at European level (Horizon 2020)
Public-private cooperation is instrumental for KETs development, both on R&D and on
sustainability and responsibility aspects
Coordination amongst the national stakeholders and with EU initiatives on KETs is a short
term priority
The different stage of maturity of KETs might ask for different development and cooperation
approaches and models
A precise road mapping exercise and SWOT analysis should be undertaken as a follow up
of this report.
The Italian Association for Industrial Research, within its scope and mission, will promote and
foster these initiatives.
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
x
x
x
AMS
x
Advanced
Materials
x
Biotech
Micronano
1 Novel Information Technologies
Nanotech
Information and Communication Technologies
Photonics
Annex I: Correlation matrices: Priority Technologies vs. KETs
x
Technologies, systems, methods and architectures for: managing,processing,
storing of large and complex sets of data (big data), human-machine interface
(multi-media and novel approach, e.g. 3D visualization), advanced sensor
systems, energy efficient ICT systems (hardware and software); systems for
enhanced security, safety and privacy
2. Information Technologies application platforms
Technologies, infrastructures and standards for improved interoperability,
heterogeneity, scalability, development of information technologies applications,
products and services
3. Novel architectures for networks and services
Cloud computing, “apps” and other architectures, and related Quality of Service
(QoS) requirements
4. Mobile networks and services
5. Broadband networking technologies
x
x
Optical and photonics technologies for broadband wireline and wireless networks:
access, distribution, transmission
6. ”Home networks” technologies
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Sensors and devices (e.g. for home automation applications), wireless
communication technologies, machine-to-machine communications (M2M) –
Internet of Things
7. Technologies for networks security
Systems and devices for data and information management (access ,
identification, authorization, protection, monitoring, confidentiality, integrity) to
ensure security, privacy, robustness and trustworthiness in communication
networks
8. Technologies for ICT-based logistics and mobility services (infomobility)
ICT technologies applied to vehicles, transport systems, logistics and traffic, such
as wireless communication and advanced sensing systems for on board, and
veichle to infrastructure/environment communication
9. “Online contents” Technologies
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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AMS
Photonics
Biotech
x
Advanced
Materials
1. Silicon electronic system integration
Micronano
Microelectronics and semiconductors
Nanotech
Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
x
x
New concepts, architectures and materials for high density Non Volatile Memories
(NVM) (e.g.. Phase Change Memories, packaging integration)
CMOS platform, embedded NVM and BCD platforms: multifunctional technologies for
silicon integration of complex electronic systems (digital logic, NVM, analogic,
bipolar, power DMOS components)
High efficiency CMOS devices: integrated and multifunctional devices (System on a
Chip, microcontrollers integration, ADC and DAC converters, etc) to reduce low power
consumption (per bit) in broadband networks.
2. Photovoltaic applications
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Concentrator photovoltaics (CPV) technologies, multijunction solar cells (parallel
architecture) , silicon nanoparticles based cells
3. Materials alternative to silicon
High power/voltage devices and technologies on SiC and GaN/Si substrates (Power
MOSFET, HEMT - High Electron Mobility Transistor)
4. Heterogeneous Integration: processes, fabrication techniques and design
methods
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
3D integration of passive components (SystemOnChip - SoC,Printed Circuit Board PCB)
3D integration of electromechanical components
Co-packaging of photonic components (modulators,photodiodes) and chip
CMOS/BiCMOS/SiGe
System integration (3D packaging)
5. Silicon integration of sensors technologies
Chemical sensors (gas) for environmental monitoring, Pressure and acustic sensors
(thin membranes, Biological sensors (protein, genomics, viral..), including plasmonic
techniques, Magnetic sensors using heterogeneous Integration of ferromagnetic
materials, Optical sensors: CMOS, TeraHz
6. Silicon Photonics
Hybrid Integration of electronic and optical components on the same substrate
Optoelectronics and photonic systems for transmission and interconnection
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Advanced
Materials
AMS
1 Technologies for energy transport and storage
Photonics
Biotech
Micro-nano
Energy
Nanotech
Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
x
x
x
x
1.1 Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) storage, transport and
processing
Small scale distribution tanks, uploading/downloading pipes
x
Small scale liquefaction processes
1.2 Equipments and materials for CAES (Compressed Air Energy
Storage)
Turbomachinery: high temperature pressure systems for air
compression, expansion, heat accumulation (adiabiatic CAES)
x
Machinery for perforation and cementing of artificial tanks
x
2. Technologies for power generation and advanced materials
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
2.1 Acid gas compression
Integrated compressors
2.2 Combined cycles and advanced materials (natural gas power
plants)
High temperature parts and ceramics
x
High flexibility CCGT (Combined Cycle Gas Turbine) power generation
systems
Combustion system and high temp chamber testing (high efficiency
and low environmental impact)
x
x
2.3 Supercritical cycles and advanced materials for clean coal
technologies
High temperature materials (superalloys, ceramics, surface treatments)
x
x
x
2.4 Fuel cells: SOFC, PEMFC, DMFC
Development and improvements of performance and endurance of
SOFC, PEMFC
Investigation and development of alternative FC technologies (DMFCs,
MCFCs, etc.)
3. Technologies for the use of biomass
(electric and thermal energy production)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
3.1 waste to fuel technologies
Process integration
x
3.2 thermal and biological conversion of biomass (secondgeneration biofuels)
Waste to fuel (agricultural waste), aviation fuels
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
4. Technologies for solar energy harvesting
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
absorption and adsorption cooling systems
x
x
x
desiccant and evaporative cooling (DEC) systems
x
x
4.1 Advanced photovoltaics (Silicon, polymers, organics)
I generation (mono and poly crystalline silicon) and II generations (thin
film amorphous silicon)
III generation (advanced photovoltaics) : quantum dots cells, organic
cells, Dye-sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC)
III generation (advanced photovoltaics): Concentrator photovoltaics
(CPV) technologies
x
x
4.2 Concentrating solar power (CSP) technologies
parabolic mirrors, solar power tower, parabolic trough
5. Technologies for energy efficiency
5.1 Solar Cooling (solar energy conditioning systems )
5.2 Geothermal energy
x
EGS (Enhanced Geothermal Systems)
Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC) in geothermal systems
x
x
Hybrid systems
x
x
Mapping of geothermal resources
x
Novel exploration methodologies
x
6. Smart Grid/Smart Metering/Smart Energy7
x
x
Advanced integrated Smart metering
x
x
x
Demand Side Management (DSM)
x
x
x
Home and Building Management Systems automation (HMS/BMS)
x
x
x
x
Smart generation (effective integration of distributed and renewable
energy sources)
Grid-scale energy storage technologies (both large scale and small
scale, central and dispersed installations across the networks or at the
customer level)
Integrated transport systems (electric vehicles): grid infrastructure,
supply quality and network control
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
7
x
x
x
x
The scope of this priority technology is to support the transformation of the current electricity grid system into an
interactive (customers/operators) service network, toward highly reliable, flexible, accessible and cost-effective power
supply.
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
7. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies
x
C02 capture: post-combustion technologies, pre-combustion
technologies (IGCC), Oxygen combustion technologies
Chemical-Physical processes for liquid, solid and gaseous wastes and
hydrogen accumulation
x
Gas separation with membrane technologies
x
x
Bio & Green technology
x
x
x
x
Monitoring technologies (environmental, chemical processes)
x
x
x
x
x
Photo nano as catalyst for CO2 recycling
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Geological CO2 sequestration (Enhanced Oil Recovery EOR)
x
x
Thermoelectric plants technologies
x
x
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
33
A. TECHNOLOGIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
REDUCTION
A1- Passive monitoring of environmental samples for site
remediation
SPMD - Semipermeable Membrane Devices, SPME - Solid phase
microextraction, DGT -Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films
x
x
x
x
x
x
AMS
Advanced
Materials
Photonics
Biotech
Micro-nano
Chemistry
Nanotech
Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
A2- Site remediation technologies
in situ remediation technologies for “brownfields”, e.g. High
Performance Solidificationand Stabilization - HPSS
A3- Technologies for the recovery of polymeric materials
from used tyres
x
x
A4- Very High Concern substances substitution
A5- Technologies for the production of non sticky chewing
gum
x
x
x
x
B. RENEWABLE RESOURCES TECHNOLOGIES
B6 – Biorefinery processes
x
B7 – Bioethanol
x
B8 – II generation biochemical technologies
(non for food feedstocks)
B9 – Technologies for the use and production of biopolymers
for rubber production
B10 –Alternative feedstocks for energy and chemical
products (biofuels, hydrogen production from natural
resources)
C. STRUCTURAL MATERIALS FOR THE MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRY
C11 – Nanotecnologies in concrete formulations for the
construction sector
C12 – Hybrid organic and inorganic materials and
nanomaterials as catalyst for chemical processes
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
C13 – Food packaging technologies
x
x
x
x
Active, intelligent and barrier materials
x
x
x
x
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
x
34
x
x
Molecular biology technologies and their application in diagnosis and
therapy (e.g DNA microarrays and Protein arrays)
x
x
x
2. Technologies for pharmaceutical chemistry
x
x
High Throughput Screening (HTS) and High Content Screening (HCS)
technologies
x
x
3. Personalized medicine – biomarkers
x
Predictive biomarkers
x
Surrogate endpoint
x
x
4. Delivery Systems
x
x
x
New nanomaterials development
x
x
x
Novel nanosystems for selected targeted delivery
x
x
x
5. Biomolecular production
AMS
Biotech
x
Advanced
Materials
Micronano
1. Genomics, proteomics and metabolomics
Photonics
Pharma and biotechnology
Nanotech
Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
x
6. Technologies and methods for the Molecular Imaging
x
x
x
7. Minimally invasive technologies
x
x
x
x
x
x
New materials for orthopedics
x
x
x
x
x
x
New materials for cardiovascular diseases
x
x
x
x
x
x
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implant (TAVI) and other artificial heart
valve technologies
x
x
x
x
x
x
8. Advanced therapies technologies
x
Tissue engineering and cellular therapy
x
Gene therapy
x
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
35
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
AMS
x
Advanced
Materials
Biotech
x
Photonics
Micronano
Transport (Road, Rail, Sea)
Nanotech
Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
x
x
x
x
x
x
A. ROAD TRANSPORTATION
A1. solutions & technologies to reduce Power Train
environmental impact: Propulsion systems, transmission
systems, Fuels
A2. Solution&Technologies to optimise security, quality and
costs of veichle systems, mantaining performance and recycling
standards
A3. Solutions, Technologies and Green Automotive Materials
for energy efficiency and performances of the veichle
A4. Telematic technologies for a safe, efficient and eco-friendly
mobility
x
x
A5. Solution&Technologies for human-machine interface (HMI)
A6. Solution&Technologies to improve energy efficiency of
veichle systems
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
B. SEA TRANSPORTATION
x
B7. Solution&Technologies to optimize Comfort on board
B8. New methodologies for ship design and Multi-disciplinary
Virtual Analysis techniques (Performances, Logistics,Quality) to
reduce time-to-market
x
B9. Solution & Technologies to reduce ships air pollutions
x
x
B10. Solution&Technologies to improve Energy Efficiency on
ship systems
x
x
B11. Alternative technologies to generate Power on board
x
B12. Technologies for Controls and Security
x
x
x
C. RAIL TRANSPORTATION
C13. Solution&Technologies to improve Energy Efficiency on
railroad systems (Green Technologies)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
C14. Information, Security & Safety technologies
C15. Architectures/systems for safety and security to optimize
Performance, Costs & Benefits
x
C16. Systems with high Enviromental Sustainability
x
x
x
x
C17. Improvement in Quality and Efficiency of processes for
people and goods transportations
x
x
x
x
D18. Comunication and information management systems
x
x
x
x
x
x
D19. Comand and Control systems
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
D. MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
36
Advanced
Materials
AMS
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Photonics
x
Biotech
1. Technologies for materials, production and mantainance
processes for aerostructures and engines
Micronano
Aeronautics
Nanotech
Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Advanced materials, structural health management (SHM), prognostic,
Maintenance Repair and Overhaul (MRO), life cycle/environmental
impact
2. Technologies for environmental impact reduction
Multifunctional structures , aerodynamics , All Electric & Energy
Management, SHM, innovative configuration & load alleviation,
trajectory management, eco-design, environmental impact modelling
(in particular for regional technologies and rotary wing technologies)
3. Technologies for low emission engines
Advanced materials and processes, turbine thermal control systems,
advanced modelling
4. Technologies for conventional and innovative engine design
Open rotor, geared fan architectures
5. Simulation methodologies for integrated design
Simulation and virtualization methodologies for systems development,
validation and certification: virtual product, virtual engineering &
testing & certification, virtual manufacturing, virtual utilization, Life
Cycle Assessment
6. Prognostics and condition –based maintenances systems
7. Autonomous systems technologies
x
x
x
x
x
Autonomous systems technologies for situation awareness, System
status monitor, Decision making, Sense & Avoid (S&A) in Unmanned Air
Vehicles (UAV) and other applications
8. Advanced Air Traffic Management
4D Trajectory Management Negotiation System, Ground based
augmentation system (GBAS), Integrated Weather System
9. Air traffic systems interoperability
10. Modular avionic
x
11. Human machine interfaces
x
Augmented reality, 3D, virtual visualization, decision support
12. Security Land Side (security management systems)
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
x
37
AMS
Photonics
Biotech
x
Advanced
Materials
1. Methodologies and standards for the design of complex
machinery and manufacturing systems: IT tools and novel design
approaches
Micronano
Manufacturing 8
Nanotech
Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
x
x
Integrated design and systems, reconfigurable and adaptive factories,
systems, machines and processes, networked manufacturing and
product/service engineering
2. Knowledge based CAD-CAM tools for the design and
production of high quality, high variety products
3. Methodologies and standards for the automation and
integration of complex manufacturing systems for on demand
and just in time production
4. Internet based ICT technologies for supply chain Integration
and real –time decision making (retailer, supplier,
manufacturers)
5. Technologies for the control, monitoring, mantainance,
diagnostic of manufacturing systems to improve life cycle and
efficiency
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
X
x
x
Cognitive systems, self-organization, self-optimization systems,
networked manufacturing
6.Software technologies and solutions for real time planning and
management of manufacturing and logistics (in the factory and
along the supply chain), to address flexibility and time to market
requirements
7. High performance sensors and mechatronics components for
manufacturing and final products efficiency and quality
8. Environmental friendly machines and systems design and
architectures, to optimise energy efficency and environmental
impact of manufacturing systems
9. Environmental friendly processes technologies to reduce
emissions and use of resources of industrial processes
10. Structural materials for components, machines and systems
to improve performances, reduce the use of resources and the
environmental impact
8
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
The original sector title in the AIRI report is “Beni Strumentali per l’industria manifatturiera” (capital goods for
industrial and handicrafts manufacturing processes), with a focus on machinery and equipment production, that are at
the base of manufacturing processes.
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Annex II: Workshop proceedings
Workshop
Le Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) per il sistema industriale italiano:
un link tra ricerca pubblica e privata9
5 December 2012, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
AGENDA
(click to download presentations)
CNR-AIRI Framework Agreement Presentation
Luigi Nicolais, President, National Research Council
Renato Ugo, President, Italian Association for Industrial Research
The International landscape
Gabriel Crean, Vice Chair EC High Level Group on Key Enabling Technologies and Commissariat à
l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), France
Key Enabling Technologies for a competitive Europe
The KETs in the Italian public and private research
KETs in the Italian Industry
Andrea Porcari, Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI):
The KETs in priority industrial technologies in Italy
1. Advanced Materials
Marco Falzetti, Centro Sviluppo Materiali (CSM):
The alignment of the value chain players for an effective Materials research and innovation
2. Nano-Microelectronics
Cosimo Musca, STMicroelectronics (STM):
A driving force for the innovation strategies in the national nano-microelectronics industry:
semiconductors technologies and first Pilot Line project in Italy
3. Photonics
Paolo De Natale, Institute of Optics (CNR-INO):
Applied photonics from an Italian and international perspective
4. Industrial Biotechnologies
Maria Luisa Nolli, ARETA International (ARETA):
The strategic role of Research as a driver in biotech
5. Advanced Production Systems
Giacomo Bianchi, Institute of Industrial Technologies and Automation (CNR-ITIA):
The factory of the future
6. Nanotechnologies
Elvio Mantovani, Italian Centre for Nanotechnologies (NANOTEC IT):
The Nanotechnologies in Italy landscape
9
Key Enabling Technologies for the national industrial system: a link between public and private research
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
Annex III: the AIRI Report Priority Technologies for the Italian Industry
The eighth edition of the AIRI report “Tecnologie Prioritarie per l’Industria Italiana: Innovazioni per il
prossimo futuro” (December 2012, Italian) analyses 84 priority technologies on which Italian
industries are investing human and financial resources to innovate their products and processes.
More than hundred researchers contributed to the study, belonging to most important industry and
public research organizations in Italy (most are AIRI members). The report looks at 8 industrial
sectors:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
Microelectronics and semiconductors
Energy
Chemistry
Pharma and biotechnology
Transport (Road, Rail, Sea)
Aeronautics
Manufacturing
For each sector are included: general overview (industry, market, jobs, trends and critical issues,
R&D investments); description forms related to each priority technology.
The priority technologies have been selected based on the following criteria:
Impact in the short-medium term on the competitiveness of industries active in the specific
sectors:
Time to market of the technology;
Qualitative evaluation of the R&D investment needed to reach the demonstration
(prototype) or market of the technology:
Analysis of socio-economical aspects such as: social, environmental and economical
sustainability (in the national and global market context) and technical feasibility (from the
lab to the market), impact on jobs
The report (A5, 500pg, Italian) is available in book shops and upon request to AIRI offices.
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
References
The list includes the main reports published by the European Commission, and its technical
bodies, on the Key Enabling Technologies and the other references included in this report.
-
-
-
-
[HLG 1] Final Report, HIGH LEVEL EXPERT GROUP (HLG), Key Enabling Technologies,
June 2011
[HLG 2] Interim Thematic Report by the Micro/Nanoelectronics Sherpa Team, High
Level Group on Key Enabling Technologies, November 2010
[HLG 3] Nanotechnology: a sustainable basis for competitiveness and growth in
Europe, High Level Group on Key Enabling Technologies, December 2010
[HLG 4] Interim Thematic Report Photonics – a key enabling technology for Europe,
High Level Group on Key Enabling Technologies, January 2011
[HLG 5] KET – Industrial Biotechnology , High Level Group on Key Enabling
Technologies, June 2011
[HLG 6] Working Group on Advanced Materials Technologies, High Level Group on
Key Enabling Technologies, 2011
[HLG 7] Thematic Report by the Working Team on Advanced Manufacturing Systems,
High Level Group on Key Enabling Technologies, December 2010
[EC 1] Preparing for our future: Developing a common strategy for key enabling
technologies
in the EU, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council,
the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions,
30.9.2009, COM(2009) 512
[EC 2] Current situation of key enabling technologies in Europe, Commission Staff
Working Document, Preparing for our future: Developing a common strategy for key
enabling technologies in the EU, accompanying the Communication from the Commission
to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee
and the Committee of the Regions, COM(2009) 512/3
[EC 3] A European strategy for Key Enabling Technologies – A bridge to growth and
jobs, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the
European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions , 26.6.2012,
COM(2012) 341 final
[EC 4] Innovation Union Competitiveness report 2011 and 2013
[AIRI 1] Tecnologie Prioritarie per l’Industria Italiana: Innovazioni per il prossimo
futuro, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca Industriale (AIRI), December 2012
[WS] References to the presentations held during the workshop “Key Enabling
Technologies: un link tra ricerca pubblica e privata” on the six specific KETs – see
Annex II
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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Key Enabling Technologies: their role in the priority technologies for the Italian industry
© Italian Association for Industrial Research (AIRI), 2013
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