Patologia Pneumococcica dell’adulto:
nuovi vaccini e nuovi modelli di
vaccinazione
Un saluto
Da
Antonio Pesenti
Scuola di Medicina
Università degli Studi Milano Bicocca
The global mortality rate from the 1918/1919 pandemic is not known, but an
estimated 10% to 20% of those who were infected died. With about a third of the
world population infected, this case-fatality ratio means 3% to 6% of the entire
global population died.[Influenza may have killed as many as 25 million people in
its first 25 weeks. estimates say it killed 50–100 million people worldwide were
killed. A common deadly complication was bacterial pneumonia
SEPSIS




In the United States, approximately 750,000
cases of severe sepsis occur each year
29% mortality rate with 215,000 deaths annually
10th leading cause of death in United States in
2000
Estimated $16.7 billion national health care
costs each year
Angus, DC, et al: Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: Analysis of incidence, outcome, and
associated costs of care. Crit Care Med 2001; 29(7):1303-1310.
Ranieri VM
NEJM
2012
Ranieri VM
NEJM
2012
Ranieri VM
NEJM
2012
Angus DC Crit Care Med 2004; 32:2199
SEPSI
Uno sguardo al passato
• HMS Victory , Capitan Uncino e la
battaglia di Trafalgar
• Il 13° reggimento di cavalleria leggera e la
battaglia di Waterloo
•
HMS Victory, flagship Royal navy
William Beatty, the surgeon of HMS
Victory, listed the 102 on board who were
wounded at the Battle of Trafalgar, six of
whom subsequently died.
Injuries suffered were mainly fractures or
splinter wounds.
There were 10 amputations, the majority
involving the leg, as well as instances of
death through gangrene and tetanus.
Alex[ander] PalmerMidnShot through the thigh by a Musket Ball, Bone and large Vessels
untouched
28 October
Died of Tetanus, Cold affusion and [?] digitalis[?] with large doses of Opium, were tried in
this case
13th Light Dragoons at Waterloo
13th Light Dragoons Casualties report Battle of Waterloo
Surgeon Logan, Veterinary-Surgeon Constant
Horses killed, 15; wounded, 46; missing, 52; total, 113.
Grand Total: 96 men and 113. horses.
Offrs
SergeantMajors
Sergnts
Corporals
Trumpters
Priv
KIA
3
--
--
--
--
12
Wound
8
3
6
2
2
52
Miss
--
--
--
--
--
8
___
___
___
___
___
___
11
3
6
2
2
75
Total
Three of those reported wounded
subsequently died of their wounds.
Ignaz Semmelweiss 1818- 1865
Martin e Al. NEJM 2003; 348; 16:1546