Passato Prossimo
The Present Perfect
Goals
By lesson’s end the learner will be able to:
1. Discuss the differences and the similarities
between the English Present Perfect and
the Italian Passato Prossimo.
2. Form the Passato Prossimo in Italian with
both:
1. Essere helping verbs and
2. Avere helping verbs
3. Use the Passato Prossimo in context.
Passato Prossimo
PRESENT PERFECT
Goals
By lesson’s end the learner will be able to:
1. Define the English Present Perfect.
2. Provide examples of the regular formation
of the tense.
3. Provide examples of verbs that do not
follow the regular formation of the tense.
4. Use the English Present Perfect in context.
The Present Perfect
• In English the Present Perfect indicates an action that has
been completed in the recent past. For example:
Yesterday I walked home from school
• In this example we see that:
– The action occurred recently: Yesterday
– The action was completed entirely: There is nothing left to say.
• Can anyone think of a Present Perfect sentence?
The Present Perfect
• In English the Present Perfect is created by adding ‘-ed’ to a
regular verb. For example:
To walk – Infinitive form
I walked – Present Perfect
To watch – Infinitive form
I watched – Present Perfect
To call – Infinitive form
I called – Present Perfect
Can anyone think of similar examples of ‘-ed’ verbs?
The Present Perfect
• As we have seen in English the Present Perfect is created by
adding ‘-ed’ to a regular verb. For example:
To walk – Infinitive form
I walked – Present Perfect
• There are also irregular English verbs that do not follow this
pattern, for example:
To run – Infinitive form
I ran – Present Perfect
• As you can see, irregular Present Perfect verbs change the
entire form of the verb.
Can anyone think of similar examples of irregular English verbs?
Irregular Present Perfect Verbs
1. To begin … I have begun
2. To bend … I have bent
3. To clothe … I have clothed / I have clad
4. To do … I have done
5. To drink … I have drunk
6. To fall … I have fallen
7. To hear … I have heard
8. To swim… I have swum
9. To write … I have written
10. To learn … I have learned / I have learnt
Refer to: EnglishPage.com; for a more detailed list.
Reviewing
• Are you ready to answers a few questions
about what we have discussed thus far?
YES
NO
Present Perfect
PASSATO PROSSIMO
Goals
By lesson’s end the learner will be able to:
1. Explain when the Italian Passato Prossimo is used.
2. Discuss the similarities and the differences between
the English Present Perfect and the Italian Passato
Prossimo.
3. Provide examples of the avere formation and the
essere formation.
4. Provide examples of the regular formation of the
tense.
5. Provide examples of the irregular formation of the
tense.
6. Use the Passato Prossimo in context.
Passato Prossimo = Kodak Moment
• The English Present Perfect is called Passato
Prossimo in Italian.
• As its English equivalent the Italian Passato
Prossimo discusses events that have been
completed in the recent past.
• The Passato Prossimo action can be
captured as a Kodak Moment.
Passato Prossimo
• The Passato Prossimo in Italian comes in two
flavors:
– Essere verbs
– Avere verbs
• The first flavor of Passato Prossimo verbs that
we will discuss is the Avere veriety.
Reviewing
• Are you ready to answers a few questions
about what we have discussed thus far?
YES
NO
Can you answer these questions?
1. What is the Present Perfect in English?
2. How is it formed in English?
3. What is the equivalent of the English form called in
Italian?
4. What does the concept of the Kodak Moment imply?
5. How many flavors of the Passato Prossimo are there?
6. What are these flavors of the Passato Prossimo?
Can you answer these questions?
1.
What is the Present Perfect in English?
1. An action that has occurred and has been completed in the recent past.
2.
How is it formed in English?
2. In the regular form the verb receives the verbal suffix: -ed; i.e.: played
3.
What is the equivalent of the English form of the Present Perfect called in
Italian?
3. The Passato Prossimo.
4.
What does the concept of the Kodak Moment imply?
4.
That the action can be captured by a camera and is a Present Perfect verb tense.
5.
How many flavors of the Passato Prossimo are there in Italian?
5. In Italian the Passato Prossimo can be formed in two ways.
6.
What are these flavors of the Passato Prossimo?
6. One with helping verbs in avere and one with helping verbs in essere.
Reviewing
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presented?
• Do you feel that you have answered the questions
with ease and you are now ready to continue?
• If you have answered ‘yes’ to both questions then
click on the “Yes” button.
YES
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Reviewing the avere helping verb
RIPASSANDO IL VERBO AVERE
Goals
By lesson’s end the learner will be able to:
1. Conjugate avere in the Present Indicative.
Avere
Subject Pronoun
Verb
1st
Io
Ho
2nd
Tu
Hai
3rd
Lui, lei, (Lei)
Ha
1st
Noi
Abbiamo
2nd
Voi
Avete
3rd
Loro (Loro)
Hanno
Singular
Plural
Reviewing
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NO
Ripasso del verbo avere
1. La zia (avere) una macchina tedesca.
2. Noi non (avere) il biglietto per il teatro.
3. Tu (avere) tempo prima di studiare.
4. Io (avere) un amico italo-francese.
5. Loro (avere) una casa al mare.
6. Gina e tu (avere) un videoregistatore SONY.
7. Lui non (avere) una casa in montagna.
8. Marta e Tina non (avere) un lettore DVD.
9. Io e Dario (avere) del tempo libero per studiare.
10. Voi (avere) i soldi per comprare un nuovo DVD.
Ripasso del verbo avere
1. La zia ha una macchina tedesca.
2. Noi non abbiamo il biglietto per il teatro.
3. Tu hai tempo prima di studiare.
4. Io ho un amico italo-francese.
5. Loro hanno una casa al mare.
6. Gina e tu avete un videoregistatore SONY.
7. Lui non ha una casa in montagna.
8. Marta e Tina non hanno un lettore DVD.
9. Io e Dario abbiamo del tempo libero per studiare.
10. Voi avete i soldi per comprare un nuovo DVD.
Reviewing
• Are you comfortable with the material that has been
presented?
– Did you correctly respond to at least 95 percent of the
questions?
• Do you feel that you have answered the questions
with ease and you are now ready to continue?
• If you have answered ‘yes’ to both questions then
click on the “Yes” button.
YES
NO
The Participio Passato
THE PAST PARTICIPLE
Goals
By lesson’s end the learner will be able to:
1. Explain what a Past Participle is.
2. Form the Past Participle of regular verbs.
1. Provide examples of the Past Participle of
regular verbs.
3. Form the Past Participle of irregular verbs.
1. Provide examples of the Past Participle of irregular
verbs.
The Past Participle
What is a Past Participle in English?
• A past participle indicates past or completed
action or time. It is often called the 'ed' form
as it is formed by adding ‘-d’ or ‘-ed,’ to the
base form of regular verbs, however it is also
formed in various other ways for irregular
verbs. [Definition from: Learn English.]
• It can be used to form a verb phrase as part of
the present perfect tense. [Definition from: Learn English.]
The Past Participle of Regular Verbs
• As we have seen regular verbs form the Past
Participle by adding either a ‘-d’ or an ‘-ed’ to
the infinitive form, for example:
– To walk … walk + ed = walked
– To jump … jump + ed = jumped
– To plant … plant + ed = planted
Reviewing
• Are you ready to answers a few questions
about what we have discussed thus far?
YES
NO
Can you form the Past Participle of these verbs?
1. Watch
2. Enjoy
3. Read
4. Spend
5. Study
6. Finish
7. Test
8. Eat
9. Arrive
10. Swim
Can you form the Past Participle of these verbs?
1. Watch => Watched
2. Enjoy => Enjoyed
3. Read => Read
4. Spend => Spent
5. Study => Studied
6. Finish => Finished
7. Test => Tested
8. Eat => Ate
9. Arrive => Arrived
10. Swim => Swam
Reviewing
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with ease and you are now ready to continue?
– Have you answered at least 95 percent correctly?
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click on the “Yes” button.
YES
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The Past Participle
IL PARTICIPIO PASSATO
Goals
By lesson’s end the learner will be able to:
1. Explain what a Participio Passato is.
2. Form the Participio Passato of regular verbs.
1. Provide examples of the Participio Passato of
regular verbs.
3. Form the Participio Passato of irregular verbs.
1. Provide examples of the Participio Passato of
irregular verbs.
The Past Participle = Il Participio Passato
What is a Participio Passato?
• The Italian equivalent of the Past Participle is
the Participio Passato.
• In Italian Participio Passato by itself has no
meaning.
• A Participio Passato in Italian is used to form
part of a compound verb indicating a past
action.
– A compound verb is a verb consisting of two parts.
Participio Passato di Verbi Regolari
How is a Participio Passato of a regular verb formed?
To form the Participio Passato of a regular verb, follow
these steps:
Verbs ending in ‘-are’ / ‘ -ere ‘ / ‘-ire’ :
Parlare … Parlare … Parl + ato => Parlato
Vendere … Vendere … Vend + uto => Venduto
Uscire … Uscire … Usc + ito => Uscito
Capire … Capire … Cap + ito => Capito --- There is no isc!
Reviewing
• Are you ready to answers a few questions
about what we have discussed thus far?
YES
NO
Can you form the Past Participle of these verbs?
Volgere al Participio Passato
Volgere al Participio Passato
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Guardare
Vendere
Avere
Ubbidire
Studiare
Finire
Attaccare
Battere
Camminare
Potere
Comprare
Vedere
Portare
Sottolineare
Salire
Allegare
Mangiare
Credere
Riportare
Spedire
Passare
Partire
Dimostrare
Dovere
Attraversare
Elencare
Ricevere
Volere
Controllare
Dormire
Can you form the Past Participle of these verbs?
Volgere al Participio Passato
Volgere al Participio Passato
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Guardare => Guardato
Vendere => Venduto
Avere => Avuto
Ubbidire => Ubbidito
Studiare => Studiato
Finire => Finito
Attaccare => Attaccato
Battere => Battuto
Camminare => Camminato
Potere => Potuto
Comprare => Comprato
Vedere => Veduto
Portare => Portato
Sottolineare => Sottolineato
Salire => Salito
Allegare => Allegato
Mangiare => Mangiato
Credere => Creduto
Riportare => Riportato
Spedire => Spedito
Passare => Passato
Partire => Partito
Dimostrare => Dimostrato
Dovere => Dovuto
Attraversare => Attraversato
Elencare => Elencato
Ricevere => Ricevuto
Volere => Voluto
Controllare => Controllato
Dormire => Dormito
Reviewing
• Are you comfortable with the material that has been
presented?
– Did you get at least 95 percent of the preceding Past
Participles correct?
• Do you feel that you have answered the questions
with ease and you are now ready to continue?
• If you have answered ‘yes’ to all these questions
then click on the “Yes” button.
YES
NO
Present Perfect with the avere helping verb
PASSATO PROSSIMO CON AVERE
Goals
By lesson’s end the learner will be able to:
1. Conjugate avere in the Present Indicative.
2. Form the Past Participle of a regulare ‘-are’ , ‘-ere’ and
‘-ire’ verb.
3. Provide examples of the avere formation of the
Passato Prossimo.
4. Provide examples of the regular formation of the
Passato Prossimo.
5. Provide examples of the irregular formation of the
Passato Prossimo.
6. Use the Passato Prossimo of avere verbs in context.
Passato Prossimo = Kodak Moment
• As you know the Passato Prossimo represents
a Kodak Moment.
– That is: It connotes an action that has been
completed in the recent past.
Passato Prossimo Has Two Parts
• The Passato Prossimo has two parts:
– A helping verb, called an auxiliary verb
– A past participle
For example:
From this one can derive an
Io ho parlato
important fact:
Tu hai venduto
Lui ha capito
1. With avere verbs there is no
Lei ha finito
change in the endings:
Noi abbiamo parlato
1. -ato
Voi avete venduto
2. -uto
Loro hanno capito
3. -ito
Loro hanno finito
Let us take a closer look…
Regular verbs in -are
For example, let us take a look at the verb inventare:
Io non (inventare) la lampadina elettrica.
1. Subject = Io = 1st person singular.
2. “Inventare” is an -are verb.
1.
-are => -ato
3. “Inventare” is an avere verb.
1.
2.
Io = subject = 1st singular = ho
With avere verbs there is no change… -ato stays -ato.
Answer: Io non ho inventato la lampadina elettrica.
Regular verbs in - ere
For example, let us take a look at the verb vendere:
Tu (vendere) la casa.
1. Subject = Tu = 2nd person singular.
2. “vendere” is an -ere verb.
1.
-ere => -uto
3. “Vendere” is an avere verb.
1.
2.
Tu = subject = 2nd singular = hai
With avere verbs there is no change… -uto stays -uto.
Answer: Tu hai venduto la casa.
Regular verbs in -ire
For example, let us take a look at the verb dormire:
Lui (dormire) fino a tardi questa mattina.
1. Subject = Lui = 3rd person singular.
2. “Dormire” is an -ire verb.
1.
-ire => -ito
3. “Dormire” is an avere verb.
1.
2.
Lui = subject = 3rd singular = ha
With avere verbs there is no change… -ito stays -ito.
Answer: Lui ha dormito fino a tardi questa mattina.
Regular verbs in -ire
For example, let us take a look at the verb finire:
Lei (finire) i compiti.
1.
2.
Subject = Lei = 3rd person singular.
“finire” is an -ire verb.
1.
3.
-ire => -ito
“Finire” is an avere verb.
1.
2.
Lei = subject = 3rd singular = ha
With avere verbs there is no change… -ito stays -ito.
1.
There are no –isc verbs in the Passato Prossimo tense!
Answer: Lei ha finito i compiti.
A Rapid Review
UN RIPASSO VELOCE
Regular verbs in -are
For example, let us take a look at the verb finire:
Noi (giocare) bene ieri.
1. Subject = Noi = 1st person plural.
2. “giocare” is an -are verb.
1.
-are => -ato
3. “giocare” is an avere verb.
1.
2.
Noi = subject = 1st plural = abbiamo
With avere verbs there is no change… -ato stays -ato.
Answer: Noi abbiamo giocato bene ieri.
Regular verbs in -ere
For example, let us take a look at the verb vendere:
Voi (ricevere) un bel regalo.
1. Subject = Voi = 2nd person plural.
2. “vendere” is an -ere verb.
1.
-ere => -uto
3. “Vendere” is an avere verb.
1.
2.
Tu = subject = 2nd plural = avete
With avere verbs there is no change… -uto stays -uto.
Answer: Voi avete venduto la casa.
Regular verbs in -ire
For example, let us take a look at the verb dormire:
Loro (applaudire) per molto tempo.
1.
2.
Subject = Loro = 3rd person plural.
“Applaudire” is an -ire verb.
1.
3.
-ire => -ito
“Applaudire” is an avere verb.
1.
2.
Loro = subject = 3rd plural = hanno
With avere verbs there is no change… -ito stays -ito.
1.
There are no –isc verbs in the Passato Prossimo tense!
Answer: Loro hanno applaudito per molto tempo.
Regular verbs in -ire
For example, let us take a look at the verb dormire:
Loro (capire) la lezione subito.
1.
2.
Subject = Loro = 3rd person plural.
“Capire” is an -ire verb.
1.
3.
-ire => -ito
“Capire” is an avere verb.
1.
2.
Loro = subject = 3rd plural = hanno
With avere verbs there is no change… -ito stays -ito.
1.
There are no –isc verbs in the Passato Prossimo tense!
Answer: Loro hanno capito la lezione subito.
Reviewing
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• Do you feel that you have answered the questions
with ease and you are now ready to continue?
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then click on the “Yes” button.
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The Avere Passato Prossimo and
regular Past Participles.
1. Io (giocare) a calcio ieri con i miei amici.
2. Anna (mangiare) al ristorante con i suoi genitori.
3. Voi non (avere) il tempo per dormire.
4. Lui (finire) i suoi compiti in tempo per uscire.
5. Mara ed Annita non (capire) bene la lezione di oggi.
6. Io e mio fratello Gino (lavorare) fino a tardi ieri sera.
7. Lei non (frequentare) questa scuola.
8. Mia zia (vendere) la sua casa al mare.
9. I tuoi amici italiani non (visitare) quest’anno.
10. Voi (studiare) in biblioteca.
The Avere Passato Prossimo and
regular Past Participles.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Io ho giocato a calcio ieri con i miei amici.
Anna ha mangiato al ristorante con i suoi genitori.
Voi non avete avuto il tempo per dormire.
Lui ha finito i suoi compiti in tempo per uscire.
Mara ed Annita non hanno capito bene la lezione di oggi.
Io e mio fratello Gino abbiamo lavorato fino a tardi ieri sera.
Lei non ha frequentato questa scuola.
Mia zia ha venduto la sua casa al mare.
I tuoi amici italiani non hanno visitato quest’anno.
Voi avete studiato in biblioteca.
Reviewing
• Are you comfortable with the material that has been
presented?
– Did you get at least 95 percent of the preceding Past
Participles correct?
• Do you feel that you have answered the questions
with ease and you are now ready to continue?
• If you have answered ‘yes’ to all these questions
then click on the “Yes” button.
YES
NO
Regular Past Participles
Italian like English has both regular and irregular past
participles. At times the English Past Participle is
regular and its Italian counterpart is regular, for
example:
1. I walked home. = Io ho camminato a casa.
2. We studied. = Noi abbiamo studiato.
Irregular Past Participles
Italian like English has both regular and irregular past
participles. At times the English Past Participle is
irregular and its Italian counterpart is also irregular, for
example:
1. You read. = Tu hai letto.
2. You wrote. = Voi avete scritto.
Irregular Past Participles
Italian like English has both regular and irregular past
participles. At times the English Past Participle is
irregular and its Italian counterpart is regular, for
example:
1. He swam. = Lui ha nuotato.
2. They drove. = Loro hanno guidato.
Irregular Past Participles
Italian like English has both regular and irregular past
participles. At times the English Past Participle is
regular and its Italian counterpart is irregular, for
example:
1. I opened. = Io ho aperto.
2. We closed. = Noi abbiamo chiuso.
Irregular Past Participles
Italian like English has both regular and irregular past
participles. There are times that the English Past
Participle will have both a regular and an irregular form
for the same verb while its Italian counterpart will have
only a regular form, for example:
1. I have learned. = Io ho imparato.
2. I have learnt. = Io ho imparato.
Irregular Past Participles
Italian like English has both regular and irregular past
participles. There are times that the Italian Past
Participle will have both a regular and an irregular form
for the same verb while its English counterpart will
have only a regular form, for example:
1. I have seen. = Io ho veduto.
2. I have seen. = Io ho visto.
Present Perfect with the avere helping verb and irregular past participles
PASSATO PROSSIMO CON AVERE &
VERBI IRREGOLARI
Irregular Past Participles Using Avere
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Aprire = Io ho aperto
Bere = Io ho bevuto
Chiudere = Io ho chiuso
Dare = Io ho dato
Dire = io ho detto
Fare = Io ho fatto
Leggere = Io ho letto
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Mettere = Io ho messo
Perdere = Io ho perso
Prendere = Io ho preso
Ridere = Io ho riso
Scrivere = Io ho scritto
Spendere = Io ho speso
Vedere = Io ho visto
For a more detailed list visit: scudit.net
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Participles correct?
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with ease and you are now ready to continue?
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then click on the “Yes” button.
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Passato Prossimo with Avere
Complete using the Passato Prossimo of the verb provided. Note:
these verbs have irregular past participles.
1. Noi non (aprire) la finestra ieri sera.
2. Tu (bere) troppo in fretta.
3. Loro (chiudere) la porta senza la chiave.
4. Io (dare) un bel regalo a mia moglie per il suo compleanno.
5. Voi (dire) la verità questa volta.
6. Chi non (fare) il compito?
7. Gli studenti (leggere) il brano durante la lezione.
8. Lei (scrivere) una bella mail per ringraziarci.
9. Suo marito (prendere) due aspirine.
10. Mia sorella (spendere) un sacco di soldi ieri al centro commerciale.
Passato Prossimo with Avere
Complete using the Passato Prossimo of the verb provided. Note:
these verbs have irregular past participles.
1. Noi non abbiamo aperto la finestra ieri sera.
2. Tu hai bevuto troppo in fretta.
3. Loro ha chiuso la porta senza la chiave.
4. Io ho darto un bel regalo a mia moglie per il suo compleanno.
5. Voi avete detto la verità questa volta.
6. Chi non ha fatto il compito?
7. Gli studenti hanno letto il brano durante la lezione.
8. Lei ha scritto una bella mail per ringraziarci.
9. Suo marito ha preso due aspirine.
10. Mia sorella ha speso un sacco di soldi ieri al centro commerciale.
Reviewing the essere helping verb
RIPASSANDO IL VERBO ESSERE
Goals
By lesson’s end the learner will be able to:
1. Conjugate essere in the Present Indicative.
ESSERE
Subject Pronoun
Verb
1st
Io
Sono
2nd
Tu
Sei
3rd
Lui, lei, (Lei)
È
1st
Noi
Siamo
2nd
Voi
Siete
3rd
Loro (Loro)
Sono
Singular
Plural
Reviewing
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about what we have discussed thus far?
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NO
Ripasso del verbo essere
1. Nostra zia (essere) tedesca.
2. Noi non (essere) stanchi.
3. Tu (essere) in ritardo.
4. Io (essere) un amico di Giovanni Bevilacqua.
5. Loro (essere) amici da anni.
6. Gina e tu (essere) bravi studenti.
7. Lui non (essere) un professore di storia.
8. Marta e Tina non (essere) cugine.
9. Io e Dario (essere) parenti di secondo grado.
10. Voi (essere) student universitari.
Ripasso del verbo essere
1. Nostra zia è tedesca.
2. Noi non siamo stanchi.
3. Tu sei in ritardo.
4. Io sono un amico di Giovanni Bevilacqua.
5. Loro sono amici da anni.
6. Gina e tu siete bravi studenti.
7. Lui non è un professore di storia.
8. Marta e Tina non sono cugine.
9. Io e Dario siamo parenti di secondo grado.
10. Voi siete studenti universitari.
Reviewing
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presented?
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questions?
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click on the “Yes” button.
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Present Perfect with the avere helping verb
PASSATO PROSSIMO CON ESSERE
Goals
By lesson’s end the learner will be able to:
1. Conjugate avere in the Present Indicative.
2. Form the Past Participle of a regulare ‘-are’ , ‘-ere’ and
‘-ire’ verb.
3. Provide examples of the essere formation of the
Passato Prossimo.
4. Provide examples of the regular formation of the
Passato Prossimo.
5. Provide examples of the formation of the Passato
Prossimo using irregular past participles.
6. Use the Passato Prossimo of essere verbs in context.
Passato Prossimo = Kodak Moment
• As you know the Passato Prossimo represents
a Kokak Moment.
– That is: It connotes an action that has been
completed in the recent past.
Passato Prossimo Has Two Parts
• The Passato Prossimo has two parts:
– A helping verb, called an auxiliary verb
– A past participle
For example:
From this one can derive an
Io sono andato
important fact:
Tu sei caduto
Lui è partito
1. With essere verbs there is a
Lei è uscita
change in the endings:
Noi siamo andati
1. -ato /-ata / -ati / -ate
Voi siete caduti
2. -uto / -uta / -uti / -ute
Loro sono partiti
3. -ito / -ita / -iti / -ite
Loro sono partite
Let us take a closer look…
Verbs in -are
For example, let us take a look at the verb arrivare:
Io non (arrivare) in orario ieri.
1.
2.
Subject = Io = 1st person singular.
“Arrivare” is an -are verb.
1.
3.
-are => -ato
“Arrivare” is an essere verb.
1.
2.
Io = subject = 1st singular = sono
With essere verbs there is a change : -uto stays -uto or becomes -uta.
Answer: Io non sono arrivato in orario ieri. – If io were masculine.
Answer: Io non sono arrivata in orario ieri. – If io were feminine.
Verbs in -ere
For example, let us take a look at the verb cadere:
Tu (cadere) sul ghiaccio davanti casa.
1.
2.
Subject = Tu = 2nd person singular.
“Cadere” is an -ere verb.
1.
3.
-ere => -uto
“Cadere” is an essere verb.
1.
2.
Tu = subject = 2nd singular = sei
With essere verbs there is a change: -uto stays -uto or becomes -uta.
Answer: Tu sei caduto sul ghiaccio. – if voi were mas. plural.
Answer: Tu sei caduta sul ghiaccio. – if voi were fem. plural.
Verbs in -ire
For example, let us take a look at the verb partire:
Lui (partire) tardi questa mattina.
1. Subject = Lui = 3rd person singular = Masculine subject!
2. “Partire” is an -ire verb.
1.
-ire => -ito
3. “Partire” is an essere verb.
1.
2.
Lui = subject = 3rd singular = è
With essere verbs there is change: -ito remains -ito.
Answer: Lui è partito tardi questa mattina.
Verbs in -ire
For example, let us take a look at the verb partire:
Lei (partire) tardi questa mattina.
1. Subject = Lei = 3rd person singular = Feminine subject!
2. “Partire” is an -ire verb.
1.
-ire => -ito
3. “Partire” is an essere verb.
1.
2.
Lei = subject = 3rd singular = è
With essere verbs there is change: -ito becomes –ita.
Answer: Lei è partita tardi questa mattina.
A Rapid Review
UN RIPASSO VELOCE
Verbs in -are
For example, let us take a look at the verb arrivare:
Noi non (arrivare) in orario ieri.
1.
2.
Subject = Noi = 1st person plural.
“Arrivare” is an -are verb.
1.
3.
-are => -ato
“Arrivare” is an essere verb.
1.
2.
Noi = subject = 1st plural = siamo
With essere verbs there is a change… -ato becomes -ati or -ate.
Answer: Noi non sono arrivati in orario ieri. – If noi were masculine.
Answer: Noi non sono arrivate in orario ieri. – If noi were feminine.
Verbs in -ere
For example, let us take a look at the verb cadere:
Voi (cadere) sul ghiaccio davanti casa.
1.
2.
Subject = Voi = 2nd person plural.
“Cadere” is an -ere verb.
1.
3.
-ere => -uto
“Cadere” is an essere verb.
1.
2.
Voi = subject = 2nd plural = siete
With essere verbs there is a change: -uto becomes -uti …or… -ute.
Answer: Voi sei caduti sul ghiaccio. – if voi were mas. plural.
Answer: Voi sei cadute sul ghiaccio. – if voi were fem. plural.
Verbs in -ire
For example, let us take a look at the verb partire:
Loro (partire) tardi questa mattina.
1.
2.
Subject = Loro = 3rd person plural.
“Partire” is an -ire verb.
1.
3.
-ire => -ito
“Partire” is an essere verb.
1.
2.
Loro = subject = 3rd plural = 𝑠𝑜𝑛𝑜
With essere verbs there is change: -uto becomes -uti …or… -ute.
Answer: Loro 𝐬𝐨𝐧𝐨 partiti tardi questa mattina. – if loro were mas. plural.
Answer: Loro 𝐬𝐨𝐧𝐨 partite tardi questa mattina. – if loro were fem. plural.
Reviewing
• Are you comfortable with the material that has been
presented?
• Do you feel that you have answered the questions
with ease and you are now ready to continue?
• If you have answered ‘yes’ to all these questions
then click on the “Yes” button.
YES
NO
The Essere Passato Prossimo and
regular Past Participles.
1. Io (andare) a giocare calcio ieri con i miei amici.
2. Anna (ritornare) al ristorante con i suoi genitori.
3. Voi non (cadere) sul ghiaccio per fortuna.
4. Lui (partire) con i suoi amici in tempo per l’opera.
5. Mara ed Annita non (diventare) pittrici.
6. Io e mio fratello Gino (uscire) presto ieri sera.
7. Noi non (entrare) da questa porta.
8. Mia zia (crescere) a Roma.
Consider all
9. I tuoi amici non (salire) in ascensore.
pronouns
10. Voi (arrivare) in biblioteca in anticipo.
feminine.
The Essere Passato Prossimo and
regular Past Participles.
1. Io sono andata a giocare calcio ieri con i miei amici.
2. Anna è ritornata al ristorante con i suoi genitori.
3. Voi non siete cadute sul ghiaccio per fortuna.
4. Lui è partito con i suoi amici in tempo per l’opera.
5. Mara ed Annita non sono diventate pittrici.
6. Io e mio fratello Gino siamo usciti presto ieri sera.
7. Loro non siamo entrate da questa porta.
8. Mia zia è cresciuta a Roma.
Consider all
9. I tuoi amici non sono saliti in ascensore.
pronouns
10. Voi siete arrivate in biblioteca in anticipo.
feminine.
Reviewing
• Are you comfortable with the material that has been
presented?
– Did you get at least 95 percent of the preceding Past
Participles correct?
• Do you feel that you have answered the questions
with ease and you are now ready to continue?
• If you have answered ‘yes’ to all these questions
then click on the “Yes” button.
YES
NO
Regular Past Participles
Italian like English has both regular and irregular past
participles. At times the English Past Participle is
regular and its Italian counterpart is regular, for
example:
1. Ann arrived home. = Anna è arrivata a casa
2. We exited the door. = Noi siamo usciti dalla porta.
Irregular Past Participles
Italian like English has both regular and irregular past
participles. At times the English Past Participle is
irregular and its Italian counterpart is also irregular, for
example:
1. She came. = Lei è venuta.
2. He died. = Lui è morto.
Irregular Past Participles
Italian like English has both regular and irregular past
participles. At times the English Past Participle is
irregular and its Italian counterpart is regular, for
example:
1. He went. = Lui è andato.
2. It happened. = È successo.
Irregular Past Participles
Italian like English has both regular and irregular past
participles. At times the English Past Participle is
regular and its Italian counterpart is irregular, for
example:
1. I remained. = Io sono rimasto.
2. We desended. = Noi siamo scesi.
Irregular Past Participles
Italian like English has both regular and irregular past
participles. There are times that the Italian Past
Participle will have both a regular and an irregular form
for the same verb while its English counterpart will
have only a regular form, for example:
1. We are lost. = Noi ci siamo persi.
2. We are lost. = Noi ci siamo perduti.
Past Participles Using Essere
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Andare = Io sono partito
Arrivare = Io sono arrivato
Essere = Io sono stato
Cadere = Io sono caduto
Diventare = Io sono diventato
Morire = Io sono morto
Nascere = Io sono chiuso
Partire = Io sono partito
Restare = Io sono restate
Ritornare = Io sono ritornato
Rimanere = Io sono rimasto
Stare = Io sono stato
Venire = Io sono venuto
1. Entrare = Io sono entrato
2. Piacere = Mi è piaciuto
3. Uscire = Io sono uscito
For a more detailed list visit: scudit.net
MRS VANDER CRAP + EU / P
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Morire = Io sono morto
Restare = Io sono restato
Stare = Io sono stato
Venire = Io sono venuto
Andare = Io sono partito
Nascere = Io sono chiuso
Diventare = Io sono diventato
Essere = Io sono stato
Rimanere = Io sono rimasto
Cadere = Io sono caduto
Ritornare = Io sono ritornato
Arrivare = Io sono arrivato
Partire = Io sono partito
1. Entrare = Io sono entrato
2. Uscire = Io sono uscito
and
1. Piacere = Mi è piaciuto
For a more detailed list visit: scudit.net
Reviewing
• Are you comfortable with the material that has been
presented?
– Did you get at least 95 percent of the preceding Past
Participles correct?
• Do you feel that you have answered the questions
with ease and you are now ready to continue?
• If you have answered ‘yes’ to all these questions
then click on the “Yes” button.
YES
NO
Irregular Past Participles Using Essere
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Lei (essere) trovato questa mattina alle cinque.
Mio cognato (morire) giovanissimo.
I miei figli (nascere) durante la primavera.
Non (piacere) il flim. [ Subject = Io ]
Le nostre zie (rimanere) a casa tutto il giorno.
Lui (stare) con noi al teatro ieri.
Voi non (venire) al concerto ieri sera.
Anna (rimanere) in Italia per due mesi.
Gregorio (morire) un anno fa.
Chi non (venire) con noi la settimana scorsa?
Irregular Past Participles Using Essere
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Lei è stata trovata questa mattina alle cinque.
Mio cognato è morto giovanissimo.
I miei figli sono nati durante la primavera.
Non mi è piaciuto il flim. [ Subject = Io ]
Le nostre zie sono rimaste a casa tutto il giorno.
Lui è stato con noi al teatro ieri.
Voi non siete venuti al concerto ieri sera.
Anna è rimasta in Italia per due mesi.
Gregorio è morto un anno fa.
Chi non è venuto con noi la settimana scorsa?