THE OECD Standard Codes for
Agricultural and Forestry Tractors
Michael M. Ryan – Trade & Agriculture Directorate
The OECD
• Inter-governmental Organisation
– Established in 1961
– 30 Member countries
– Works with over 70 developing and transition economies
Multilateral Forum …
• Address economic, social and environmental challenges
• Economic analyses
• Provides comparative data to underpin multilateral cooperation
• Policy recommendations and good practices
Structure of OECD
Directorate for Financial,
Fiscal and Enterprise Affaires
Directorate for Trade and
Agriculture
COUNCIL
Executive Directorate
Public Affairs and
Communications
General
Secretariat
Co-operation
with
non-members
Development Co-operation Directorate
Trade Directorate
Environment Directorate
Economics Department
Statistics Department
Semi-autonomous bodies
Public Management Service
International Energy Agency
Development Centre
Nuclear Energy Agency
Centre for Educational
Research & Innovation
European Conference of
Ministers of Transport
Club du Sahel
Education, Employment, Labour
And Social Affairs
Directorate for Science, Technology
And Industry
Territorial Development Service
Structure of OECD
Executive
Directorate
Public Affairs and
Communications
Financial, Fiscal and
Enterprise Affaires
COUNCIL
General
Secretariat
Territorial
Development Service
Science, Technology
And Industry
Public Management
Service
Environment
Development
Co-operation
Trade and
Agriculture
Economics
Statistics
Education,
Employment, Labour
And Social Affairs
Semi-autonomous bodies
International Energy Agency
Development Centre
European Conference of
Ministers of Transport
Centre for Educational
Research & Innovation
Nuclear Energy Agency
Club du Sahel
Co-operation
with
non-members
Who drives OECD’s Work?
Trade & Agriculture Directorate
Policy Analysis
• Monitoring changes in agricultural policies
• Medium term commodity outlook
• Agro-Food Chain analysis
• International Standards Part II Programmes
• Bio-energy policies
• Multilateral analysis of trade agreements
(agriculture, manufactures, services,
export credits)
Codes and Schemes
• Participation open to all countries
• Voluntary programme – self financing
• Currently 60 countries
– Equal voting rights
– First step to participating in other activities
– Annual contribution
• Four Schemes: – Seed Scheme
– Tractor Codes
– Forest Scheme
– Fruit and Vegetable Scheme
OECD Standard Codes for the Official
Testing of Agricultural and Forestry
Tractors
• Background
– Established in 1959
– 29 participating countries
• 25 OECD Member Countries
• China, India, Russia, Serbia
– National Designated Authorities
– 9 Codes [2-10]
• Performance & Safety Codes
• >2 000 tested for Performance
• >10 000 tested for safety codes
What is it?
• RULES and DIRECTIONS for tractor testing
Official OECD approval for a tractor
• First Code established on 21st April 1959
• Performance ….
• Safety … ROPS & FOPS
• Noise….
• In constant evolution:
Objectives
“one tractor – one description – one test”
• simplify existing international trade
procedures,
• establish specifications and basic
performance criteria
• ensure a minimum of quality for the traded
material
• Transparency, facilitate trade, increase the
agricultural machinery market
9 Codes ……Testing
• Performance: Code 2
• Noise at the driver's position(s): Code 5
• Protective structures: Codes 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
– Roll-Over Protective Structures (ROPS)
– Falling Object Protective Structures (FOPS
– Code 1… Repealed
– NB: Quantifiable tests for reliable
comparison between countries
OECD STANDARD CODES
OECD Standard Codes
OECD Standard Codes
29 Participating countries
National Designated
Authorities (NDAs)
implement the Codes
• Non-OECD members:
–
–
–
–
China
India
Russian Federation
Serbia
choose the Testing Stations
to perform tractor tests
according to the Codes
How does it work?
OECD
Secretariat
NDA
New
Tractor
Approvals since 1959:
> 2 350 for performance
> 10 400 for noise or safety
Report
Approval
Number
3 Types of Activities
OECD Standard Codes
• OECD Coordination Centre …
– Quality Control …
– Checks/ screens the reports from Testing Stations in
member countries
– Approval numbers…..
• Cooperation with other Organisations
– ISO ---- close cooperation
– Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)
– EU Directives ------- Equivalence
– FAO ……
OECD Standard Codes
• Performance Code
– Code 2: Testing of tractor performance
• Motor power, fuel consumption, traction, hydraulics, etc.
• Protective Structures (ROPS) codes
• Roll-over, noise, falling objects,….
– Code 3:Dynamic testing of roll-over protective
structure
– Code 4:Static testing of roll-over protective
structure
– Code 5:Measurement of noise at the driving
position
OECD Standard Codes
– Code 6:Testing of front-mounted protective
structures on narrow track tractors
– Code 7:Testing of rear-mounted protective
structures on narrow-track tractors
– Code 8:Testing of protective structures on tracklaying tractors
– Code 9:Testing of protective structures for
telehandlers
– Code 10: Testing of falling object protective
structures on tractors (FOPS)
Benefits
Governments/Public
Companies/Private
Create a business
environment to facilitate
international trade
– Test methods
– Quality control
– Reduced trade barriers
Reducing regulatory costs
Companies can be:
– tractor manufacturers
– tractor sellers
– tractor users
End user – Farmers
– Quality products
– Comparable information
OECD STANDARD CODES
• To facilitate trade through the use of
internationally recognised standards
• To contribute to health & safety requirements
• To contribute to improving environmental
standards…
• To improve collaboration between international
standards setting bodies…
• To share information and knowledge on best
practices...
New Challenges
• Environment/climate change: pollution
issues
– Biofuels – blending/economical aspect
– Reduced fuel consumption – engine efficiency
– Emissions - exhaust gas
• New types of tractors?
– Changing crops and practices – ex: GPS
– New sophistications – ex: foldable ROPS, tractor
mass, round shape ROPS
Enlargement
To major countries of the agriculture and
forestry tractors industry
– Brazil
– Argentina
– Mexico
… Any country whishing to participate
Role of the Secretariat
• Coordination between the countries:
– Production and distribution of official documents
– Organisation of meetings
– Ensures research progress
• Develop and implement the programme of work:
ensure its pertinence
• Manage the budget
• Evaluates candidate countries to join
• Liaise with international organisations
Meetings
Annual Meeting
Plennary
NDAs, Bureau, CC, observers
Sub-group meetings:
Research Group
ISO/OECD
1st Technical Working Group
Technical proposals to update the Codes
National engineers, Bureau, CC
Test Engineers’ Conference
Every other year (next in Korea, Sep ‘09)
National Engineers
2nd Technical Working Group
Technical propasals to update the Codes
National engineers, Bureau, CC
How to Join?
Further information on the Schemes
www.oecd.org/agr/tractor
•
•
•
•
Rules & Regulations of the OECD Codes
List of Codes --Guidelines for joining the Codes
Summary of tractor test reports
Certification
• List of National Designated Authorities
Thank You
[email protected]
www.oecd.org/tad