Bundesamt für Raumentwicklung ARE
Office fédéral du développement territorial ARE
Ufficio federale dello sviluppo territoriale ARE
Uffizi federal da svilup dal territori ARE
Brain drain in the Alps
- trends, factors and outlook
30 May 2013, Domodossola
Christian Wirz, ARE
L‘ „esodo dei cervelli nelle Alpi“
• I fattori determinanti
• I servizi di interesse generale – il progetto SeGI
• Breve sommersione in Svizzera
• Politiche „brain drain“ / „brain gain“
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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L‘ „esodo dei cervelli nelle Alpi“
• I fattori determinanti
• I servizi di interesse generale – il progetto SeGI
• Breve sommersione in Svizzera
• Politiche „brain drain“ / „brain gain“
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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„Brain drain“ – realtà alpina storica?
• Nel libro „fratelli neri“ (1941) Lisa Tezner rende noto la
perdita di „giovani cervelli“ della Valle Verzasca in un‘epoca
di povertà assoluta
• 70 anni dopo, ci sono stati cambi…
• …ma esiste tuttavia il „brain drain“
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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Quali fattori influenzano la migrazione
interna?
• Fattori “duri”:
• situazione economica / situazione sul mercato di lavoro
• Infrastrutture e accessibilità ai servizi di interesse
generale
• Fattori “soft”
• legami territoriali (famiglia, amici…)
• „qualità di vita“ (risorse naturali, clima…)
• capacità innovativa e effetti di agglomerato (clusters,
distretti industriali etc.)
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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L‘ „esodo dei cervelli nelle Alpi“
• I fattori determinanti
• I servizi di interesse generale – il progetto SeGI
• Breve sommersione in Svizzera
• Politiche „brain drain“ / „brain gain“
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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Le Alpi in termini di servizi di
interesse generale
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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Il „digital divide“ nelle Alpi?
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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3 scenari e le implicazioni territoriali
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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L‘ „esodo dei cervelli nelle Alpi“
• I fattori determinanti
• I servizi di interesse generale – il progetto SeGI
• Breve sommersione in Svizzera
• Politiche „brain drain“ / „brain gain“
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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Gli spazi rurali in Svizzera
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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Flussi migratori
2009
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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La destinazione dell‘ esodo dei
cervelli
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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I servizi di base e la loro evoluzione
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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Le scuole…
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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L‘ „esodo dei cervelli nelle Alpi“
• I fattori determinanti
• I servizi di interesse generale – il progetto SeGI
• Breve sommersione in Svizzera
• Politiche „brain drain“ / „brain gain“
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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Il progetto „brain drain – brain gain“
• Opposing brain gain to brain drain = new migrants (be it in
terms of „new highlanders“, „amenity led migrants“ etc.) in
terms of positive welfare impacts by migration
• Building on „networks of ambassadors“
• Politics can define frameworks more or less favorable to
brain drain, but participation from „bottom up“ are decisive in
creating perspectives for young people to stay in the Alps
Project DEMOCHANGE should look at participation
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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Il progetto „Demochange“ –
con partner di tutto l‘arco alpino!
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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Risultati del progetto Demochange in
Svizzera
• Important first step in the case study regions in Switzerland
was to acknowledge that they were facing a demography
problem...
• Second step was to find new solutions... Many bottom up
workshops to gather all kind of ideas
• Third step to convince the politicians on local and regional
level
=> The project was very successful and quite a good handfull
of ideas are being realised
Brain drain in the Alps| Trends, factors and outlook
Christian Wirz, Federal Office for Spatial Development
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