Italian Australian Institute
In Search of the Italian Australian
into the New Millennium
Conference Proceedings
Melbourne - 24th, 25th, 26th of May 2000
CONFERENCE SPONSORS
The Conference acknowledges with thanks the sponsorship of:
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ANZ Banking Group
bella italia
Bonacci Group
Cassa Commerciale
Conexport
Fondazione Cassamarca – Treviso, Italy
Gro-Set Pty Ltd
Grollo Australia Pty Ltd
Il Globo
James L. Williams Pty Ltd
Lustig & Moar
Park Hyatt Hotel
Permasteelisa – Treviso, Italy
Pratt Foundation
Qantas
The Government of Italy
We also acknowledge the support of:
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Australian National University
Deakin University
La Trobe University
Monash University
RMIT University
Swinburne University of Technology
University of Melbourne
University of Southern Queensland
University of Sydney
University of Western Australia
Victoria University of Technology
In Search of the Italian Australian
into the New Millennium
I.A.I.
Italian Australian Institute
In Search of the Italian Australian
into the New Millennium
Conference Proceedings
Melbourne - 24th, 25th, 26th of May 2000
Edited by
Piero Genovesi and Walter Musolino
Ilma Martinuzzi O’Brien, Maria Pallotta-Chiarolli,
Margherita Genovesi
Published by
Gro-Set Pty Ltd
344 Mansfield Street, Thornbury, (VIC) 3071, Australia
Prepared and collated by the
Italian Australian Institute
Level 32, Rialto South Tower
525 Collins St, Melbourne, (VIC) 3000, Australia
Phone: (03) 9620 5666 – Fax: (03) 9620 5133
Web Address: www.iai.com.au
© First published in Australia in 2000
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
without the permission in writing of the authors concerned.
ISBN 0-9577148-1-5
Acknowledgements
The Editors wish to acknowledge both the quality and the quantity of
work performed by Miss Marinda Smith and Pier Giorgio Cappellotto in
helping to compile and prepare for publication these Proceedings of the
Conference.
Printed by Highlight Printing Pty Ltd., Cnr Howes Street and
Rodd Road, Airport West, (VIC) 3042, Australia
I.A.I.
Italian Australian Institute
Board of Directors
Dr. Grande Ufficiale Rino Grollo
(Chairperson)
Comm. Giancarlo Martini Piovano, Cav. Uff. Thomas Hazell AO,
Comm. Diana Ruzzene Grollo, Prof. Robert Pascoe,
Anthony Pagone QC, Cav. Uff. Nino Randazzo
Executive Director: Gaspare Sirianni
★★★
Conference Steering Committee
Diana Ruzzene Grollo, Piero Genovesi, Walter Musolino,
Maria Tence, Ilma Martinuzzi O’Brien, Hass Dellal, Jean Cornish,
Lilian Sinozic, Maria Pallotta-Chiarolli, Robert Pascoe,
Gaspare Sirianni, Marinda Smith, Pier Giorgio Cappellotto
★★★
Agenda Sub Committee
Piero Genovesi, Walter Musolino, Maria Pallotta-Chiarolli,
Diana Ruzzene Grollo, Ilma Martinuzzi O’Brien, Robert Pascoe
Master of Ceremony: Tony Charlton
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
page ix
Index
page xi
Preface
page xvii
Final Recommendations of the Conference
page xxi
Prime Ministerial Letter
page xxiii
Ambassadorial Address
page xxv
Parliamentary Notes
Day One Session One
Lunch – Keynote Speaker
page xli
page 1
page 653
Day One Session Two
Workshop 1
Australia Italia Trade and Commerce
page 29
Workshop 2
Preservation of Italian Heritage and
Culture in Australia
page 67
Workshop 3
Italian Australian Arts and Culture
page 129
Workshop 4
Information Exchange and the Media
page 191
Day One Session Three
Panel Discussion on Global Reality
page 757
Day Two Session One
page 219
Lunch – Keynote Speaker
page 663
Day Two Session Two
Workshop 1
Language Policy and Youth Affairs
page 279
Workshop 2
Cultural Diversity and Globalisation
page 319
Workshop 3
Italian Australian Arts and Culture
page 407
Workshop 4
Social Welfare, Health and Italian
Australian Enterprises
page 457
Day Two Session Three
Panel Discussion on Exploring Identity and Community
Through the Arts and Culture
page 797
Day Three Session One
page 501
Lunch – Keynote Speaker
page 669
Day Three Session Two
Workshop 1
Cultural Identity and Community Life
page 543
Workshop 2
Contribution of Religion and Education to
the Development of the Italian Australian
Identity
page 591
Workshop 3
Italian Australian Arts and Culture
page 627
Gala Dinner – Keynote Speakers
page 675
Papers Received
page 687
Bibliography
page 841
Personal Biographies
page 877
Press Cuttings and Photographs
page 909
Index
Table of Contents
page ix
Index
page xi
Preface
page xvii
Final Recommendations of the Conference
page xxi
Prime Ministerial Letter
page xxiii
The Hon. John Howard, Prime Minister of Australia
Ambassadorial Address
page xxv
Dr. Giovanni Castellaneta, Ambassador of Italy to Australia
Parliamentary Notes
The Hon. Phillip Barresi MP, Federal Member for Deakin, VIC
The Hon. Brian Pezzutti MLC, Member of the Legislative
Council, NSW
The Hon. Carmel Zollo MLC, Opposition Whip, SA
page xli
page xliii
page xlv
xii
Index
Day One Session One
Dr. Grande Ufficiale Rino Grollo, Chairperson of the Italian
Australian Institute
page 1
H.E. Most Reverend Dr. George Pell, Archbishop of Melbourne
page 3
The Hon. Sir James Gobbo, Governor of Victoria
page 5
H.E. Cardinal Francis George OMI, Archbishop of Chicago, USA
page 9
The Hon. Phillip Ruddock MP, Minister for Immigration &
Multicultural Affairs
page 11
The Hon. Concetto Sciacca MP, Shadow Minister for Immigration
and Multicultural Affairs
page 19
Mr Joseph Cerrell, President National Italian American
Foundation (NIAF)
page 25
Day One Session Two
Workshop 1
Australia Italia Trade and Commerce
Mr. Bruno Mascitelli, Swinburne University, VIC
page 29
Mr. Sam Capuana, State Manager, Cassa Commerciale, VIC
page 43
Mr. A.A. De Fina OAM, President of the “Court of International
Arbitration Australia”, VIC
page 49
Ms. Carolynne Bourne, International Specialised Skills Institute,
Melbourne, VIC
page 53
Workshop 2
Preservation of Italian Heritage and Culture
in Australia
Professor John Gatt-Rutter, La Trobe University, VIC
page 67
Cav. Uff. Laura Mecca and Mr. Lorenzo Iozzi, Co.As.It. Italian
Historical Society, VIC
page 77
Dr. John Hall, University of New England, VIC
page 95
Ms. Madilina Tresca, All Saints Catholic College, NSW
page 103
Mr. Bruno Spiller, Marian College, VIC
page 115
Dr. Piero Genovesi, La Trobe University, VIC
page 123
Workshop 3
Italian Australian Arts and Culture
Ms. Maria Tence, Manager, Access Gallery, Immigration
Museum, VIC
page 129
Ms. Cristina Motta-Fenton, Box Hill TAFE, VIC
page 147
xiii
Ms. Diana Chessell, University of South Australia
page 161
Ms. Francesca Musico, University of Sydney, NSW
page 179
Ms. Marie Louise Catsalis, Self-Employed, NSW
page 187
Workshop 4
Information Exchange and the Media
Cav. Uff. Nino Randazzo, Director “Il Globo”, VIC
page 191
Ms. Manuela Caluzzi, Head of Italian Program, SBS Radio,
Melbourne, VIC
page 199
Ms. Paola Niscioli, Member of Com.It.Es., SA, and of
“AustraliaDonna”
page 205
Dott. Claudio Paroli, “TVi Productions P/L”, NSW
page 209
Day Two Session One
Professor Michael Osborne, Vice Chancellor, La Trobe
University, VIC
page 219
Emeritus Professor Jerzy Zubrzycki, AO, CBE, Aust. Nat.
University, ACT
page 227
Elio Guarnuccio, Publisher and Former Chairman of Centro
Italiano Studi (CIS), VIC
page 237
Professor Flavio Lucchesi, Department of Human Geography,
Università degli Studi di Milano, ITALY
page 243
Dr. James Jupp, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT
page 261
Professor Roslyn Pesman, Pro-Vice Chancellor, University of
Sydney, NSW
page 269
Day Two Session Two
Workshop 1
Language Policy and Youth Affairs
Department of Education, Employment and Training, VIC
page 279
Mr. Joseph Favrin, Penola Catholic College, VIC
page 289
Ms. Maryclare Cassisi, Member of Com.It.Es. Melbourne,
President “Club Cultura”, VIC.
page 295
Mr. Peter Iagnocco, Xavier College, VIC
page 299
Ms. Elida Meadows, Waverley Library, NSW
page 309
xiv
Workshop 2
Cultural Diversity and Globalisation
Dr. Krzysztof Batorowicz, University of Southern Queensland
page 319
Adjunct Professor V. Giorgio Venturini, Swinburne University
of Technology, VIC
page 333
Dr. Ilma Martinuzzi O’Brien, Director of the Italian Australian
Records Project, Victoria University of Technology, VIC
page 355
Ms. Laura Hougaz, Swinburne University of Technology, VIC
page 365
Professor Anne Reynolds, University of Sydney, NSW
page 377
Dr. Adriano Boncompagni, University of Western Australia
page 391
Workshop 3
Italian Australian Arts and Culture
Ms. Stephanie Lindsay Thompson, Australian National
University, ACT
page 407
Mr. Pino Migliorino, President of Co.As.It., NSW
page 419
Dr. Nerina Caltabiano and Dr. Stephen Torre, James Cook
University, QLD
page 429
Dr. Paolo Bartoloni, University of Sydney, NSW
page 439
Dr. Ilaria Vanni, University of Western Sydney, NSW
page 449
Workshop 4
Social Welfare, Health and Italian Australian
Enterprises
Ms. Lara Damiani, “Lara Damiani & Associates”, SA
page 457
Ms. Maria Vandamme, “Melba Recordings”, VIC
page 463
Dr. Walter Petralia and Dr. Yvonne Wells, Lincoln Gerontology
Centre, VIC
page 475
Ms. Emma Contessa, Manager of Aged Care Services, Co.As.It.,
Melbourne, VIC
page 489
Mr. Dino De Marchi, “De Marchi & Associates”, VIC
page 493
Day Three Session One
H.E. Most Reverend Dr. George Pell, Archbishop of Melbourne
page 501
Professor Desmond Cahill, RMIT University, VIC
page 507
Mr. Desmond O’Grady, Author, Journalist, Rome, ITALY
page 521
Professor Mary Kalantzis, RMIT University, VIC
page 525
Prof. Cav. Uff. Giovanni Carsaniga, University of Sydney, NSW
page 535
xv
Day Three Session Two
Workshop 1
Cultural Identity and Community Life
Dr. Maria Pallotta Chiarolli, (Deakin University, VIC)
and Vittorio Perri, Vicky Guglielmo and Luciano
page 543
Ms. Susanna Iuliano, Dept of Immigration and Multicultural
Affairs, ACT
page 559
Ms. Lara Palombo, University of Adelaide, SA
page 575
Workshop 2
Contribution of Religion and Education to
the Development of the Italian Australian Identity
Ms. Anna Maria Barbaro, High School Teacher, Brisbane, QLD
page 591
Mr. Anthony Cappello, National Civic Council, VIC
page 599
Reverend Massimo Vodola, Our Lady of Perpetual Succour
Church, VIC
page 609
Dr. John Hajek, University of Melbourne, VIC
page 611
Workshop 3
Italian Australian Arts and Culture
Reverend Franco Cavarra, St Mary of the Angels Church, VIC
page 627
Mr. Vince Marotta, Deakin University, VIC
page 635
The Hon. Carlo Carli MP, Parliamentary Secretary for
Infrastructure, VIC
page 649
Lunches and Dinners
Mr. Mark Leibler, Senior Partner, “Arnold, Bloch, Leibler”, VIC
page 653
Mr. John Salamone, Special Projects Director, NIAF, USA
page 661
His Honour Justice Stephen Charles, Supreme Court Judge,
Melbourne, VIC
page 663
The Right Hon. Frank Sartor, Lord Mayor of Sydney, NSW
page 669
Cr. Clem Newton-Brown, Deputy Lord Mayor of
Melbourne, VIC page 674
The Hon. Steve Bracks MP, Premier of Victoria
page 675
H.E. Cardinal Francis George OMI, Archbishop of Chicago, USA
page 679
The Hon. Helen Shardey MP, Shadow Minister for Multicultural
Affairs, VIC
page 683
xvi
Papers Received
Comm. Diana Ruzzene Grollo, Director of the Italian Australian
Institute and Author, VIC
page 687
Dr. Joseph Talia, Managing Director, Melbourne City Opera, VIC
page 701
Ms. Nora Ruzzene, Coordinator, Multicultural Social Welfare
Team, VIC
page 719
Dott. Danilo Longhi, President, Camera di Commercio di
Vicenza, ITALY
page 731
Panel Discussion on Global Reality
page 757
Mr. John Goddard, Bendigo Bank, Sydney, NSW
Dott. Gianni Bardini, Consul General of Italy for Victoria and Tasmania
Mr. Nat Bonacci, Bonacci Group, VIC
Mr. Santo Cilauro, Writer and Producer, Melbourne, VIC
Mr. Antonino Iaccarino, Qantas Airways, NSW
Mr. Lucio Mafessanti, Permasteelisa SPA, Treviso, ITALY
Dr. Rocco Perna, Ferrero Australia (Pty Ltd), Sydney, NSW
Panel Discussion on Exploring Identity and Community
Through the Arts and Culture
page 797
Ms. Josephine Cafagna, 7:30 Report, ABC, Melbourne, VIC
Ms. Teresa Crea, Artistic Director, Adelaide, SA
Ms. Anna Maria Dell’oso, Author, Sydney, NSW
Ms. Melina Marchetta, Author, Sydney, NSW
Dr. Maria Pallotta-Chiarolli, Lecturer and Author, Deakin
University, VIC
Ms. Virginia Trioli, Journalist and Author, Sydney, NSW
Bibliography
page 841
Personal Biographies
page 877
Press Cuttings and Photographs
page 909
Preface
The opening of the new millennium seemed an appropriate occasion for
the Italian Australian Institute to launch its inaugural national conference. It
ran from 24th to 26th May and was entitled “In Search of the Italian
Australian into the New Millennium.” It assembled an international array of
speakers, as well as numerous local contributors. The Institute had come into
being eighteen months earlier with the aim of providing Australians of
Italian origin with a central focus through which to channel their growing
political, social, educational and artistic aspirations.
In this spirit the Institute seeks to be a truly national and
representative body, just as it seeks to be collaborative in its approach,
liaising with existing, like-minded organizations.
In the year 2000 the Institute intended the inaugural Conference to be
both the platform for its official public launch and also the occasion for
fostering an open discussion of its objectives. The aim was to make those
objectives as inclusive as possible, broadly representative of our
community’s disparate perspectives and needs. Accordingly, the
conference took the shape of major speeches, workshops and panels, a
format which invited active public participation. It was very gratifying
to see all sessions well attended and the event raising great excitement
and debate. This confirmed our view that there has long been a need for
such an open forum of ideas and interaction to be made available to the
Italian community in Australia.
The Conference was envisaged as a purposely designed opportunity
to bring this community together, to discuss collectively the Institute’s
future directions, and to prioritise the innumerable recommendations
we knew would be put forward once this new entity took its place in the
public spotlight. Its most basic commitment, clearly stated, is to work
xviii
Dr. Rino Grollo, Chairperson of IAI
together for the benefit of the Italians of this country. The Institute gives
this undertaking while fully recognizing and completely respecting
everything good that has been achieved thus far by other ItalianAustralians, singly and institutionally. This will be reflected in the
Institute’s genuine aspiration to work in a spirit of partnership and
sharing with those already experienced in addressing the needs of the
Italian Australian community.
It was perhaps inevitable, but the ground-breaking Conference held
this year at the Park Hyatt in Melbourne addressed a broad spectrum of
issues, stretching even to the weighty matter of trade and commerce
between Italy and Australia, and related global realities. It addressed the
preservation of Italian heritage in our country as well as the richly
idiosyncratic manifestations of Italian Australian arts and culture to
which we have been witness for a while now. There were thornier
matters aired, like language policy and education, women’s and youth
affairs, media and sexuality, social welfare and health, not to mention
the struggle for Italian Australian enterprises to survive and succeed in
an essentially English cultural context. Flowing from this, such a
Conference was always going to have to tackle other, profound
questions, as it did, like the nature of identity and what it means to be
part of a sometimes marginalised community; and like the function of
the Catholic Church - and religious faith generally - which has been so
central to the lives of many migrants. Of course, politics, especially the
presence and numbers of Australians of Italian origin at all levels of
government, their ability to contribute as ethnic role models not just as
party players and the needs of the future in this sense was an everbubbling debate at the Conference.
Among the many notable contributors, the Institute was very
pleased to host such guest speakers as Cardinal Archbishop George
from Chicago and Archbishop Pell of Melbourne, as well as
Archbishop Francesco Canalini, the Apostolic Nuncio of the Holy See to
Australia, the Italian Ambassador, Dott. Castellaneta, and the Victorian
Governor, Sir James Gobbo. Political figures from both major Australian
parties were present: the Honourable Philip Ruddock, Minister for
Immigration & Multicultural Affairs and his Labor counterpart, the
Honourable Con Sciacca, together with the Premier of Victoria, Mr Steve
Bracks, and other federal, state and local government figures. The
Institute was particularly gratified to be able to present to the Australian
audience Mr Joseph Cerrell, President of the National Italian American
Foundation (Washington), the organization from which we have drawn
much inspiration. The Institute extends its thanks to all the conference
Preface
xix
participants, among whom were respected academics such as
Professor Michael Osborne, Vice Chancellor of La Trobe University,
Professor Mary Kalantzis, Dean of the Faculty of Education,
Language & Community Studies at RMIT University, Professor
Roslyn Pesman, Pro-Vice Chancellor of the University of Sydney, and
Professor Bill Kent of Monash University, in addition to a plethora of
speakers from the educational sector and personalities from
the world of the media and the arts, business and the broader
community.
The Italian Australian Institute would especially like to express its
appreciation for the heart-warming contributions of the Conference
sponsors: ANZ Banking Group, “bella italia”, the Bonacci Group, the
Cassa Commerciale, Conexport, Fondazione Cassamarca - Treviso, Italy,
Gro-Set Pty Ltd, Grollo Australia Pty Ltd, Il Globo, James Williams Pty
Ltd, the Park Hyatt Hotel, Permasteelisa - Treviso, Italy, the Pratt
Foundation, Qantas and the Government of Italy.
A significant number of Australia’s most prestigious universities also
lent their support to the Conference and ought duly to be recognised for
their vision in doing so: the Australian National University, Deakin
University, La Trobe University, Monash University, RMIT University,
Swinburne University of Technology, the University of Melbourne, the
University of Southern Queensland, the University of Sydney, the
University of Western Australia and Victoria University of Technology.
At the conclusion of the Conference a series of recommendations was
presented to the public. They were the culmination of all the discussions
and deliberations held over the entire three days, incorporating both
long and short-term objectives. More urgently though, in the area of
intergovernmental relationships between Italy and Australia, the
Institute is lending its support to a host of initiatives already under way,
or initiatives that should be undertaken. It supports, for example, the
finalisation of an agreement on working arrangements to assist young
people in developing networks in both Italy and Australia. Such
agreements already exist between Australia and other nations and they
allow some 60,000 young working visitors into our country per annum.
The Institute adds its voice to those calling for formal recognition by
both the Italian and Australian governments of ‘multi’ citizenship for
Australians of Italian background wishing to hold dual passports. It also
recommends that an agreement be negotiated to facilitate the exchange
of education policy advisers at the highest level, to develop an
appropriate curriculum in both Australia and Italy for bolstering
migration studies.
xx
Dr. Rino Grollo, Chairperson of IAI
With an eye to nurturing the grass roots, the Institute also calls for the
provision of significant numbers of scholarships for young people in the
whole range of the arts, including performing arts, expressive arts, the
humanities and social sciences. (And here we welcome the offer of
support for young Italian-Australians from the National American
Italian Foundation.)
The Institute would also see a need for compiling and publishing a
calendar of Italian/Australian cultural and commercial events and
agreements, accessible to all those in need of such information. Where
commerce is concerned, the Institute could play a part as a bridge
between peak business bodies in both Italy and Australia, helping to
sharpen the competitive edge of both economies.
The Institute believes the time is ripe for the creation of a ‘think-tank’
devoted to assessing the current state of the Italian-Australian media, in
order to help strengthen and improve its function and purpose by
addressing the needs of second and third generation Italian Australians.
The Institute intends adding its efforts to those of other organizations
to assist the older-generation Italians, our migrant pioneers. It wishes to
see a broadening of health education programs in Italian and regional
languages, wherever necessary. At the Conference, the afternoon
workshops confronted and argued over topics as varied as Italy’s
globalization and ‘campanilismo’ in Australia; being gay as a ‘handicap’
on top of being Italian, and then again, what it is like being an Italophile;
migrant women as mainstays of the past but even more as capital for the
future; and the question, ‘does Italian have a future at all in Australia?’
Thank you to all involved.
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Rino Grollo
Chairman
Final Recommendations of the Conference
The Italian Australian Institute will establish a national structure
aimed at advancing the interests of Italian-Australian wherever they
may live and work across the continent, and will collaborate with
existing organisations.
Participants in the inaugural conference of the Italian Australian
Institute, meeting in Melbourne on 24, 25, 26 May 2000 voted
unanimously for the following recommendations:
• support for dual citizenship
• working holiday visas for young people in both countries
• increased government funding for Italian language and other
programs in Australian universities
• greater focus on issues concerning young people and women
• regular briefings for the Australian media on Italian-Australian
matters
• establishment of a media monitoring service to review how
Italian-Australians are depicted in the Australian media
• the creation of a national research centre dedicated to the history
and culture of Italian-Australians
• better cultural links between Italy and Australia, including the
provision of scholarships for young people
• the documentation of Italian-Australian culture in all its forms
• working with the Italian-Australian media to promote a more
informed dialogue between the generations in the ItalianAustralian community
• the identification of mutual competitive advantage. As
economies, Italy and Australia have much more to offer each
other, one as the gateway to a unified Europe, and the other as a
route into the Asia-Pacific region. The Institute could play a role
in working with peak business bodies in both countries to help
them understand the symmetry in this economic relationship, as
well as the opportunities open to business operators.
Gaspare Sirianni
Executive Director
26th May 2000
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The Rediscovery of Italianness.
H.E. Dr. Giovanni Castellaneta, Ambassador of Italy
I am honoured to be present at the inaugural conference of the IAI. The
Conference’s very title, “In Search of the Italian Australian into the New
Millenium”, stands as a clear invitation to look to the future of the ItaloAustralian community and, so to the special relationship that binds Italy and
Australia.
The Rediscovery of Italianness
Over the last few years we have seen our expatriate communities all over the
world involved in the process of rediscovering what it is to be Italian.
We see it happening daily in Canberra and in Buenos Aires, in New York as
well as São Paolo, Brazil. The number of requests for the reacquisition of Italian
citizenship have been increasing. And above all what has been striking is how
in particular young people are applying for Italian passports. Some do it for
economic reasons, others for reasons of sentiment, but all of them do it because
they want to re-establish ties with the birthplace of their ancestors. They want
to learn more about the culture and language of their country of origin.
Even in the earliest destinations for migrating Italians, like the United
States and Argentina, the descendants of those migrants are beginning to take
an interest in their roots. The third and fourth generations have started
wondering about their origins, wondering about those surnames replete with
vowels, which frequently are the unmistakable sign of belonging to this or that
group.
Several factors explain this resurgence of interest. The first is the modern
flow of information and the enhanced facility of communication with Italy. It
is not a cliché to repeat that today the world is a small place and that, thanks to
communication technology, the planet is being transformed into a global
village.
One hundred years ago, immigrants could hope at most to receive a rare
letter from a loved one back home. They depended on these letters just to garner
some news of what was happening in Italy. Today, you can hear the latest from
Italy wherever you are in the world, and keeping in touch with relatives and
loved ones is easier than it has ever been.
La Riscoperta dell’Italianità
S.E. Dott. Giovanni Castellaneta, Ambasciatore d’Italia
Sono onorato di partecipare alla conferenza inaugurale dell’IAI. Il
titolo stesso della conferenza, “In search of the Italian Australian into the
New Millenium”, è un chiaro invito a guardare al futuro della comunità
italo australiana e quindi anche dei legami speciali che uniscono Italia e
Australia.
La Riscoperta dell’Italianità
Negli ultimi anni abbiamo assistito ad una vera e propria riscoperta
dell’Italianità da parte di tutte le componenti della nostra comunità
all’estero.
Lo vediamo quotidianamente, a Canberra come a Buenos Aires, a
New York come a San Paolo del Brasile. Sempre più numerose sono le
richieste di riacquisto di cittadinanza. Ed è sopratutto impressionante
constatare come siano specialmente i giovani a chiederci di riavere il
passaporto italiano. Alcuni lo fanno per ragioni economiche. Altri, per
ragioni sentimentali. Tutti, perché vogliono ristabilire un legame con la
patria dei loro antenati. Vogliono sapere di più sulla lingua e la cultura
del loro paese di origine.
Persino nei paesi di più antica emigrazione, come gli Stati Uniti e
l’Argentina, i discendenti dei primi emigrati hanno ripreso ad
interessarsi alle loro radici. Le terze e quarte generazioni hanno
cominciato ad interrogarsi sulle proprie origini, su quei cognomi con
tante vocali che spesso costituiscono un marchio inequivocabile di
appartenenza. Diversi fattori spiegano questa rinascita di interesse.
Il primo è la circolazione delle informazioni e la maggiore facilità di
comunicare con l’Italia.
Non è una battuta dire che ormai il mondo si è ristretto e che la terra,
grazie ai mezzi di comunicazione, si sta sempre più trasformando in un
“villagio globale.”
Cento anni fa, chi emigrava aveva al massimo la speranza di ricevere
qualche rara lettera da amici e parenti lasciati in patria. Ai racconti di
questi si doveva affidare anche per avere un riflesso di cosa succedesse
in Italia. Oggi, in qualsiasi angolo del mondo si possono avere notizie
fresche dall’Italia. E con facilità ancora maggiore si possono mantenere i
contatti con i parenti e gli affetti.
xxvi
The second factor is what I would call the ‘rediscovery of Italy’. Mass
tourism and ease of travel have made us all potential Marco Polo’s.
There are no longer huge sacrifices to be made or great costs to be
met for anyone simply wishing to travel. This has allowed many people of
Italian descent to rediscover their country of origin as well as a sense of pride
for an artistic and cultural heritage that is unequalled. It has also allowed a
large number of people to visit Italy, to experience it for themselves, as it really
is, and be fascinated by it. Few of those stereotypes that our fellow
countrymen and women have understandably often fought to repudiate - even
to the extent of hiding the fact that they were Italian - are left intact in
the face of our country’s dazzling show of historical, cultural and spiritual
greatness.
The third factor responsible for the ‘rediscovery of Italianness’, is what I
would call the dual success story of Italy and Italians abroad. Rising out of the
ruins of the Second World War, Italy became one of the big players on the stage
of the world economy. Its image, its creativity and increasingly its capacity to
lead, have won over the world. At the same time, Italians living abroad became
valuable members of society and, prepared to make enormous sacrifice, gained
positions of importance. Generation after generation adapted, became integrated
and finally achieved the successes it was due in the countries which have
welcomed them in.
Allowing for a few rather obvious exaggerations, I think the film “Looking
for Alibrandi” illustrates this process quite well. It is a film set in Australia but
it could be describing the vicissitudes of an Italian family anywhere in the
world. It describes their initial difficulties, as well as the little humiliations,
their gradual assimilation and finally their complete integration very well. In
short, it is a realistic depiction of the gradual transformation of an Italian
family surrounded by the different culture and language of another country. It
is an inevitable transformation that does not, however, obliterate underlying
family traits. Without knowing it, perhaps without even suspecting it, even
young Josie Alibrandi, carries her unmistakable Italianness within herself
like personal baggage; it is a ‘cultural code’, an ancient heritage, an inner
richness no one can steal from her. One day she, or perhaps even her daughter,
will rediscover it; and she will feel the pride of belonging to a culture
millennially-old, one that expresses some of the finest achievements of human
civilization.
The history of Italy and the history of the Italians are inextricably
woven together. History on a grand scale is no more than the sum of
millions of personal stories. Italy has flourished over these last decades.
xxvii
Il secondo fattore è quello che definirei la “riscoperta dell’Italia”. Il
turismo di massa e la facilità degli spostamenti hanno fatto di tutti noi
dei potenziali Marco Polo. Non sono più necessari gli immensi sacrifici
o gli altissimi costi di un tempo per chi voglia viaggiare. Questo ha
permesso in primo lougo a molti discendenti di italiani di riscoprire il
proprio Paese di origine e di sentire tutto l’orgoglio di un patrimonio
artistico e culturale ineguagliable. In secondo luogo, ha permesso ad un
gran numero di persone di visitare l’Italia, di conoscerla per quello che
è, di restarne affascinati. Pochi stereotipi – quegli stereotipi da cui alcuni
nostri connazionali, comprensibilmente, hanno cercato di difendersi,
anche a costo di “nascondere” le proprie origini italiane – possono
resistere alla abbagliante dimostrazione della grandezza storica,
culturale, spirituale del nostro paese.
Il terzo fattore alla base della “riscoperta della italianità è quello che
definirei la “doppia success story” dell’Italia e degli Italiani all’estero.
L’Italia è risorta dale macerie della Seconda Guerra Mondiale
diventando uno dei Paesi di punta della economia mondiale. La sua
immagine, la sua creatività, e sempre più anche che la sua capacità di
leadership hanno conquistato il mondo. Parallelamente, anche gli
Italiani all’estero hanno saputo farsi valere, hanno conquistato spesso
con grandi sacrifici dei posti di rilievo. Generazione dopo generazione si
sono prima adattati, poi integrati ed infine sempre più affermati nei
Paesi che li hanno accolti.
Al di là di qualche spunto di colore un po’ “calcato”, trovo che il film
Looking for Alibrandi costituisca una buona descrizione di questo
processo. E’ un film australiano ma che potrebbe descrivere le
vicissitudini di una famiglia italiana in qualsiasi parte del mondo. Ne
descrive bene le difficoltà iniziali, persino le piccole umiliazioni, la
graduale assimilazione, fino alla completa integrazione. Insomma, un
quadro realistico che racconta la graduale trasformazione di un nucleo
familiare italiano in un paese di lingua e cultura diversa. Una
trasformazione inevitabile che però non cancella alcuni elementi di
fondo. Anche la giovane Alibrandi, senza saperlo, forse senza nemmeno
sospettarlo, porta con sè un bagaglio di italianità indelebile: un “codice
culturale”, un patrimonio antico, una ricchezza interiore di cui nessuno
potrà privarla. Un giorno, lei o forse persino sua figlia, lo riscoprirà. E
sentira’ l’orgoglio di appartenere ad una cultura millenaria, che ha
espresso alcune fra le vette più elevate della civiltà mondiale.
Le storie dell’Italia e le storie degli Italiani procedono di pari passo.
La “grande storia” in fin dei conti non è che la somma di milioni di storie
individuali. In questi decenni, l’Italia è cresciuta. E così hanno fatto gli
xxviii
So too have Italians both at home and abroad. Their lives keep converging,
intersecting and becoming a source of mutual strength.
The Rediscovery Of The Italians
This reawakened desire for Italianness is advantageous for
re-establishing relations between Italy and the world community.
If Italians have rediscovered Italy, Italy has rediscovered Italians abroad. Let us
be clear: Italy has never forgotten its sons and daughters scattered
throughout the world. Nevertheless, in order to keep up with their
ever-growing needs, expectations and feelings, Italy has had to alter
profoundly its philosophical position over the last few years and to the extent
that I would call it well and truly a revolution in attitude of Copernican
magnitude.
In the past, our migrants, who had often left for economic reasons, were in
need above all of ‘assistance’. The infrastructure set in place by Italian
governments was, therefore, of a social welfare nature.
Thank heaven, Italian communities abroad no longer need this sort of
assistance. Clearly, it has come of age and is able to stand on its own
two feet. Barring some exceptions, it does not need protecting or paternalistic
attitudes.
As things stand today, what Italian communities abroad need is
‘recognition’: recognition in that they exist, and for being Italian too;
recognition for their contribution to their country of origin and to their host
countries; recognition of their worth and their values; and, finally,
recognition for being overall an invaluable inheritance for Italy. This is where
what I previously called Italy’s “revolution in attitude of Copernican
magnitude” has taken place: in its relationship with Italian communities
abroad.
1999 was perhaps the key date in all this. I am referring in particular to the
long-awaited approval of the constitutional reform that now opens the way for
Italian citizens residing abroad to gain the right to vote at Italian elections.
Thanks to this reform, all Italians who reside permanently outside Italy will be
able to have their say. It is in this spirit that the first Conference of Italians in
the World is to be organized next December, in Rome. The Conference will be
accompanied by a series of artistic and cultural exhibitions which will be further
testament to the values of these expatriate communities: a testament to their
desire and their right to count for something.
xxix
Italiani in patria ed all’estero. Le loro vicende si incontrano, si
intrecciano inestricabilmente, si rafforzano a vicenda.
La Riscoperta degli Italiani
Questa “italianità di ritorno” favorisce un rilancio dei rapporti fra
l’Italia e la comunità nel mondo.
Se gli italiani hanno riscoperto l’Italia, quest’ultima ha riscoperto gli
italiani all’estero.
Intendiamoci, l’Italia non ha mai dimenticato i suoi figli sparsi per il
mondo. Tuttavia, negli ultimi anni, per restare al passo con l’evoluzione
delle loro esigenze, delle loro aspettative e dei loro sentimenti, l’Italia ha
dovuto mutare profondamente la propria “filosofia”, con quella che
definirei una vera e propria “rivoluzione copercernica”.
In passato, la nostra emigrazione, spesso spinta da motivazioni
economiche, aveva sopratutto bisogno di assistenza. Le strutture
predisposte dall’Italia per sostenerla rispondevano quindi
necessariamente ad una visione di tipo “assistenziale”.
La comunità italiana all’estero, grazie al cielo, non ha più bisogno di
essere “assistita”. Ormai è ampiamente maggiorenne e cammina
benissimo sulle proprie gambe. Non ha bisogno, se non in casi
eccezionali, né di tutele né di atteggiamenti paternalistici.
Quello di cui ha bisogno la nostra comunità oggi come oggi è
soprattutto il riconoscimento. Riconoscimento della propria esistenza e
della propria italianità; riconoscimento del contributo cha ha saputo
dare al Paese d’origine ed ai Paesi che l’hanno ospitata; riconoscimento
del proprio valore e dei propri valori; riconoscimento, infine, del
patrimonio inestimable che essa rappresenta per l’Italia nel suo
complesso.
È in questo contesto che si colloca quella che ho prima definito la
“rivoluzione copernicana” dell’Italia nei confronti della comunità
all’estero.
Il 1999 ne è stato forse la data chiave. Mi riferisco in particolare alla
tanto attesa approvazione della modifica costituzionale che apre la
strada al diritto di voto ai cittadini italiani residenti all’estero. Grazie ad
essa, tutti gli italiani che si trovano fuori dai confini nazionali avranno
una voce.
Nello stesso spirito verrà organizzata a Roma, il prossimo dicembre,
la prima Conferenza degli Italiani nel mondo. La Conferenza sarà
accompagnata da una serie di manifestazioni artistiche e culturali. Un
ulteriore riconoscimento dei valori della Comunità all’estero. Del suo
desiderio e diritto di “contare”.
xxx
The Italian Community in Australia.
The processes I have outlined above also apply, and perhaps more so,
to the situation of particular interest to us: that of Italians in Australia. I say
all the more so because of all the Italian communities throughout the
world, the one in Australia, at least where the bulk of migrants is concerned, is
the result of a very ‘recent’ immigration phenomenon. In North and South
America it is the fourth and fifth generations that are rediscovering
Italy. In Australia it is the third generation that is venturing out onto the world
stage.
If we count the descendants of the first immigrants and children of mixed
marriages, Italian blood runs through at least 2 million Australian citizens: ten
percent of the overall population. Australians of Italian origin are present in the
Arts, in the Sciences, in the professions, in business, in sport and in politics. In
all of these areas they have contributed greatly to public life. The contributions
made by prominent personalities has been particularly visible. But no less farreaching, and perhaps even more fundamental, has been the role of the average
person.
Italo-Australians have influenced the Australian way of life
enormously.
They have made it what it is today: a busy point of intersection for AngloSaxon customs, with a sense of Mediterranean style, frontier spirit and a desire
for innovation. Through their work ethic they have contributed to the growth of
this nation. Indeed, they have been at least partly responsible for laying the
foundations.
On the basis of this we see how a special relationship between
Australia and Italy is justified. I shall not dwell here on the positive nature of
political relations between the two countries. I would only like to remind
you of the experience of East Timor. As you all know, Italy contributed a
contingent of 600 men to the INTERFET force; there were 200 parachutists, 2
transport planes and an amphibious vessel. The collaboration between
Italian and Australian forces on the ground was exemplary and more than once
the Australian command acknowledged the importance of the Italian
contribution.
If we decided to take part in a drama so far removed from our strategic
priorities, it is also due to the particular type of relationship that we believe we
need to build with Australia by virtue of the fact that there are many citizens of
Italian origin in this country.
xxxi
La Comunità Italiana d’Australia
I processi che ho delineato sopra valgono anche, e forse a maggior
ragione, per la realtà che ci interessa più da vicino, quella degli italiani
d’Australia.
Dico a maggior ragione anche perché fra le comunità italiane nel
mondo, quella australiana è, almeno nella sua parte numericamente più
consistente, una immigrazione “giovane”. Nelle Americhe sono ormai le
quarte e quinte generazioni quelle che “riscoprono” l’Italia. In Australia
è la terza generazione quella che si affaccia sul palcoscenico del
mondo.
Se contiamo i discendenti dei primi immigrati ed i figli di matrimoni
misti, il “sangue italiano” scorre nelle vene di almeno 2 milioni di
cittadini australiani: il dieci per cento della popolazione globale.
Gli australiani di origine italiana sono presenti nel campo delle arti,
delle scienze, delle professioni, degli affari, dello sport e della politica. In
ognuna di queste aree essi hanno dato un grande contributo alla vita
pubblica.
Particolarmente “visibile” è stato l’apporto di alcune personalità di
spicco. Ma non inferiore, ed anzi forse persino più capillare è stato
quello delle persone comuni.
Con la lora presenza, gli italo-australiani hanno influito
enormemente sullo stile di vita australiano. Ne hanno fatto quello che è
oggi: un vitale incrocio fra costumi anglosassoni, stile mediterraneo,
spirito di frontiera e volontà di innovazione.
Con il loro lavoro, hanno contribuito alla crescita di questa nazione.
Anzi, ne hanno forgiato almeno in parte le fondamenta.
Su queste basi ci sono le premesse per un rapporto privilegiato fra
Australia ed Italia. Non starò a dilungarmi qui sul carattere positivo
delle relazioni politiche fra i due paesi. Vorrei solo ricordare qui la
vicenda di Timor Est. Come voi tutti sapete, l’Italia ha contribuito alla
forza internazionale INTERFET con un contingente di 600 uomini, tra
cui 200 paracadutisti, due aerei da trasporto e una nave anfibia. La
collaborazione sul terreno fra forze australiane ed italiane è stata
esemplare e più volte il comando australiano ha riconosciuto
l’importanza del contribuito italiano.
Se abbiamo deciso di intervenire in un teatro così lontano da quello
entro il quale si collocano le nostre priorità strategiche, ciò lo si deve
anche al rapporto particolare che riteniamo di dover costruire con
l’Australia in virtù della presenza in questo paese di tanti cittadini di
origine italiana.
xxxii
I believe this sense of a friendship between us is reciprocal. With this in
mind, I would like to underline how the Australian Government has been quick
to support the right of Italians resident here, including voters holding dual
citizenship, to vote in Italian elections. This is further proof of the excellent
relationship between the two countries.
Prospects
So is everything fine? Is everything perfect? We live in the best of possible
worlds, but can we derive comfort from the success of the Australian
community and the good state of relations between our two countries?
Not really, or rather, not enough.
The Italian community should not simply be satisfied with the success it has
achieved. Without doubt, we can look back and feel great satisfaction, but the
time has come to look to the future and find a way to strengthen the active
participation of Italians in the life of this country. Thinking also of the
significance of the celebrations to come for the centenary of Australian
Federation and, therefore, having in mind the contribution that each ethnic
group has made to the development of this country, I believe that the Italian
authorities and the local community need to implement a three-stage plan
involving (i) knowing who we are, (ii) letting others know who we are, and (iii)
acting accordingly.
Firstly, let us consider ‘knowing who we are’.
We need to quantify our numbers, to carry out further research to trace more
thoroughly the history and the geography of the Italian community in
Australia. We need to take account of mixed marriages and changes to
surnames and of the lineage of the first immigrants. We must not forget that the
first Italians arrived here in 1850, approximately 150 years ago when maps of
Australia were still imprecise and well before the idea of national independence
had ever taken hold. We have to embrace a more complete notion of Italianness,
one that goes beyond mere nationality and underscores the importance of blood
and cultural ties. It is not a passport that identifies an Italian but how we feel
inside.
Secondly, we come to ‘letting others know who we are’.
In this area we can and we must do a lot more. The word ‘Italy’ is not only
synonymous with fashion and cuisine, it denotes culture. On its own Italy
holds more than fifty percent of the world’s artistic heritage. ‘Italy’ stands for
industrial production, scientific endeavour, great intellectual activity, and
sport: everything that constitutes a modern, vital nation with a glorious past
though Italy does not live in that past but rather learns from it in order to build
a better future.
xxxiii
Ritengo che questo sentimento di amicizia sia ricambiato. A tal
proposito vorrei sottolineare come il governo australiano abbia subito
concesso l’autorizzazione all’esercizio di voto all’estero da parte degli
italiani qui residenti, anche agli elettori in possesso di doppia cittadinanza
– ulteriore prova dell’ottimo stato dei rapporti fra i due paesi.
Le Prospettive
Allora, tutto bene, tutto perfetto? Viviamo nel migliore dei mondi
possibili e possiamo cullarci dei successi della comunità italiana e del
buono stato delle relazioni fra i nostri due paesi?
Non proprio. O meglio: non abbastanza.
La comunità italiana non deve solo compiacersi dei successi di quello
che ha fatto. Possiamo senz’altro guardare indietro con estrema
soddisfazione, ma si tratta ora di guardare al futuro e trovare il modo di
rafforzare e rendere organica la presenza italiana in Australia.
Pensando anche al significato delle prossime celebrazioni del
centernario della Federazione australiana, e quindi al contributo che
ogni singola etnia ha dato allo sviluppo di questo Paese, ritengo che tre
debbano essere le linee di azione delle autorità e della comunità
italiane. Le riassumerò con tre termini: conoscersi, farsi conoscere ed
esserci.
Prima di tutto: conoscersi.
Occorre contarsi, approfondire le ricerche per avere una mappatura
completa della storia e della geografia della comunità italiana di
Australia. Bisogna tenere conto dei matrimoni misti, dei cambiamenti di
cognome, della discendenza dei primisssimi immigrati. Non dobbiamo
dimenticare che i primi italiani sono arrivati qui nel 1850. Circa 150 anni
fa, quando le carte geografiche dell’Australia erano ancora confuse e ben
prima che in questo paese sorgesse una idea di indipendenza nazionale.
Dobbiamo quindi adottare una nozione più completa di italianità,
che prescinda da quella di nazionalità e valorizzi i legami di sangue e
culturali. Non è il passaporto che fa gli italiani, ma il cuore (ndr:!!!)
Secondo: farsi conoscere.
In questo campo si può e si deve fare molto di più.
L’Italia non è solo cucina e moda. È anche cucina. È anche moda. Ma
non è solo questo. L’Italia è cultura – il Paese che da solo detiene oltre il
cinquanta per cento del patrimonio artistico mondiale. È produzione
industriale, traguardi scientifici, fermento intellettuale, sport: tutto ciò
che fa una nazione moderna e vitale, che affonda le proprie radici in un
passato glorioso non per cullarsi ma per trovare nuova linfa per i
traguardi futuri.
xxxiv
I am frequently surprised at how little we seem to know about Italy in
Australia. A few who have travelled are aware of the extraordinary reality
Italy is. But most have only a very vague and approximate idea. Partly to help
redress this lack of awareness, the Italian authorities are adopting a series of
measures.
Firstly, we are looking to encourage not only the flow of tourism, but also
student exchange programs between Italy and Australia. In this context we are
also working towards a reciprocal agreement on working holidays to allow
young Italians and Australians to explore the whole gamut of what their
respective countries offer, while at the same time being able to finance their own
trips.
We are continuing to secure substantial resources for the promotion of the
Italian language and culture. There are six offices responsible for the school
sector attached to our Consulates, 21 associations responsible for supporting
Italian language studies, two Institutes of Culture, numerous regional
associations and 20 government-sponsored lecturers. This is a considerable
financial and infrastructural investment that will be subsequently increased
coinciding with the Olympics in Sydney and the centenary of Federation. We
are working towards important cultural initiatives where these two particular
events are concerned, initiatives that should contribute to a further
enhancement of Italy’s image in Australia.
As you may have noticed, our efforts are aimed above all at the younger
generation because the type of relationship that exists between Italy and
Australia in the future will depend on their efforts. However, we shall not
neglect the needs of the older generation.
This commitment is important but it is not enough. We also have to
work on the media and be involved with the day-to-day. This is something that
only Italian Australians can do. On this point I can only offer a few
suggestions.
As far as the relationship with the media is concerned, I think that an
interesting idea might be to create an association of journalists of
Italian origin. There are many organizations like this all over the world.
Naturally they represent loose groupings of individuals and are
non-partisan in nature because their important contribution is to
the unfettered dissemination ideas. There are many of journalists
of Italian origin in Australia but no one has thought to bring them
together to get to know each other, share ideas, discuss strategies for
how best to reach their public as well as the perception of Italians in Australia.
And yet journalists are among the most influential conveyors of images and
thoughts.
xxxv
Spesso con sorpresa mi rendo conto di quanto poco si sappia
dell’Italia in Australia. Una minoranza, che ha viaggiato, ne conosce gli
straordinari pregi. Molti ne hanno però un’idea assolutamente vaga ed
approssimativa. Per ovviare in parte a queste lacune, le autorità italiane
stanno predisponendo una serie di strumenti.
In primo luogo, stiamo cercando di incoraggiare non solo i flussi
turistici ma anche lo scambio di studenti fra Italia ed Australia. In
quest’ottica stiamo anche lavorando a un accordo di reciprocità sulle
vacanze-lavoro per permettere ai giovani italiani e australiani di esplorare
le realtà dei rispettivi paesi e al contempo finanziarsi il viaggio.
Stiamo poi continuando ad assicurare risorse consistenti per la
promozione della cultura e della lingua italiana: sei Uffici Scolastici
presso i nostri Consolati, 21 associazioni per la diffusione della lingua
italiana, due Istituti di Cultura, numerosissime associazioni regionali,
circa venti lettori.
Uno sforzo consistente in termini finanziari e di strutture, che sarà
ulteriormente incrementato in coincidenza con le Olimpiadi di Sydney e
durante il centenario della Federazione. Per queste occasioni stiamo
lavorando a grosse iniziative culturali che dovrebbero contribuire ad un
ulteriore “balzo di qualità” dell’immagine dell’Italia in Australia.
I nostri sforzi sono mirati sopratutto ai giovani, come avrete notato,
perché è su di loro che si fonderà l’avvenire delle relazioni fra l’Italia e
l’Australia. Ma non trascureremo nemmeno le esigenze delle
generazioni più mature.
Questo impegno è importante, ma da solo non basta.
Occorre anche lavorare molto sui media e nella vita di tutti i giorni.
E questo è qualcosa che soltanto gli italo-australiani possono fare.
Su questo punto posso solo limitarmi a dare qualche spunto.
Per quanto riguarda il rapporto con i media, ritengo che uno
strumento interessante potrebbe essere la creazione di una associazione
dei giornalisti di origine italiana. Organizzazioni di questo genere
esistono in moltissimi paesi del mondo. Naturalmente hanno carattere
esclusivamente associativo e non esprimono posizioni “di parte”, ma
danno un importante contribuito alla circolazione delle idee. In
Australia ci sono molti giornalisti di origine italiana, ma nessuno ha mai
pensato di fare in modo che si possano incontrare, confrontarsi,
scambiare delle idee, discutere sulla strategia di comunicazione e sulla
percezione degli italiani in Australia. Eppure sono proprio loro, i
giornalisti, fra i più importanti “promotori di immagine”. Ritengo
quindi che sarebbe sicuramente opportuna una iniziativa che permetta
di aggregarli.
xxxvi
Therefore, I believe it is really an opportune time to launch such an initiative
as this, that is, aimed at bringing them together. The glossy magazine, “Italy
Down Under“, could be just the vehicle to showcase the face of the ‘new’ Italy.
Naturally the embassy would do its part.
Another avenue to explore relates to television and film. I have already
mentioned the movie “Looking for Alibrandi” but around the world there are
other, more stunning examples. In Brazil, for instance, Italmania has been all
the rage for months since a large, Brazilian TV station started showing a soapie
called “Terra mia” which recounts the tale of Italian immigration to Brazil. The
characters speak in a strange hybrid dialect of Venetian-Brazilian, or SicilianBrazilian; but they are very convincing. Notably, their popularity is universal,
cutting across socio-economic groupings.
Interest had obviously hit fever-pitch when McDonald’s created two new
hamburgers: the “Mc Buono” and the “Mc Bello”. “Terra Mia” is just one
example of what could be done through the medium of television. So, I ask
myself: why should it not be possible to do something similar here in Australia?
Up to this point we have examined what it means to know ourselves and
how to get others to know us. But there is another directive we need to follow if
we want to count for something; and it is expressed by the verb I employed
earlier: ‘to act’.
We all know that Italy is a country famous for its bell towers (famous,
that is, for having many voices, making a lot of noise). According to a joke that
has been around I gather for a while, take any two Italians you like and
you will automatically have three political parties. Still, pluralism
should not be confused with chaos. To count for something and make your
voice heard, at a certain point you need, if not to speak with one voice exactly,
then to present a united front. This is why there is a desperate need for a
representative forum, an umbrella organization that can rally all the Italians in
Australia.
In other countries such as Brazil, Argentina, Canada, the USA, the third
and fourth generations are providing the leadership in their communities,
even though sometimes the leaders in question do not even speak Italian
but are united by the sense of having a shared ethnicity, a heritage in
common.
It should be a lot easier to shape this sense of a collective in Australia, given
that the country has only ‘recently’ been a destination for migrants. The
prototype ought to be the NIAF in the United States and like organizations
which can be found in other countries throughout the world.
xxxvii
Un veicolo di coesione potrebbe essere la stessa rivista Italy Down
Under che si propone, nella sua veste di “glossy magazine”, di
promuovere il volto della ”nuova Italia”. Ma naturalmente anche
l’Ambasciata sarebbe pronta a fare la sua parte.
Un’altra strada da percorrere è quella delle produzioni televisive e
cinematografiche.
Ho già citato l’esempio di Looking For Alibrandi. Ma in giro
per il mondo vi sono degli esempi ancora più eclatanti. In
Brasile, per esempio, da mesi imperversa la “Italia-mania”.
Fin da quando una grossa emittente brasiliana ha cominciato a
trasmettere la telenovela Terra mia. Terra mia narra proprio le
storie di italiani immigrati in Brasile. I suoi protagonisti parlano
con uno strano accento veneto-brasiliano o siculo-brasiliano,
ma sono molto credibili. Soprattutto, spopolano in tutte le fasce di
popolazione.
La “febbre” è arrivata a tal punto che McDonald’s ha
creato per l’occasione due nuovi hamburgher: “Mc Buono” e “Mc
Bello”…
Terra mia è soltanto un esempio di cosa si possa fare attraverso la
televisione. Perché, mi chiedo, non dovrebbe essere possible fare
qualcosa del genere in Australia?
Fin qui il “conoscersi e farsi conoscere”, secondo la formula
che ho utilizzato prima. Ma vi è un’altra direttrice che occorre
perseguire se si vuole contare: quella che ho sintetizzato nel verbo
“esserci”.
Si sa, l’Italia è il Paese dei campanili: “prendi due italiani ed avrai tre
partiti politici”, secondo una battuta che credo circoli da tempo.
Pure, il pluralismo non va confuso con la dispersione. Per contare e
per farsi sentire bisogna ad un certo punto essere in grado non dico di
esprimersi, ma almeno di presentarsi in maniera unitaria. Per questo si
fa sempre più pressante l’esigenza di un foro rappresentativo,
un’organizzazione “ombrello” che raccolga tutti gli italiani d’Australia.
In altri Paesi (Brasile, Argentina, Canada, USA), le stesse terze-quarte
generazioni hanno preso la guida della comunità, qualche volta senza
nemmeno conoscere la lingua, ma unite dal sentimento di una comune
origine, di una cultura comune.
In Australia, terra di immigrazione più recente, creare una
aggregazione di questo genere dovrebbe essere ancora più
agevole. Il modello dovrebbe essere quello della NIAF statunitense
e di analoghe associazioni che esistono in molti altri Paesi del
mondo.
xxxviii
Like them, the foundation or association or council of Italian Australians
should be distinguished as follows:
• it should be run entirely by Italo-Australians and be financially selfsufficient;
• it should represent all areas of Australia and all Italians and ItaloAustralians;
• it should be supportive of the careers of the best Italo-Australians as they
move variously into politics and economics, choose social and cultural
paths, or the arts and sport.
If I had to express a wish to see something before my term as Italian
Ambassador to Australia is up, it would be just this: to see a foundation
established for all Italians in Australia.
I am convinced this would benefit greatly everyone in our local community
as well as bolster the relationship between Italy and Australia.
The I.A.I. is an important step in this direction and I congratulate all those
who have shared the dream and made it happen. A body along the lines of the
NIAF (National Italian American Foundation) model is that bit closer, even if
there is still a lot of work to be done, I know. We have been privy to the first,
concrete signs of it today; they demonstrate that this foundation for Italian
Australians is the real thing and not a mirage. With everyone helping, it will
fulfill its promise; it will unite our community with renewed purpose, strength
and pride.
xxxvix
Come queste, la Fondazione, Associazione o Consiglio degli italiani
d’Australia dovrebbe rispondere alle seguenti caratteristiche:
• essere gestita interamente da italo-australiani ed essere autonoma
finanziariamente;
• essere rappresentativa di tutte le realta’ geografiche australiane e
di tutti gli italiani e italo-australiani;
• raccogliere il meglio della collettività italo-australiana in campo
politico, economico, sociale, culturale, scientifico, artistico,
sportivo.
Se dovessi esprimere un desiderio per questo mio mandato di
Ambasciatore d’Italia in Australia sarebbe proprio questo: prima di
lasciare questo Paese vorrei veder nascere e promuovere una fondazione
per tutti gli italiani d’Australia.
Sono convinto che l’insieme della nostra comunità ne beneficierebbe
enormemente. E così anche le relazioni fra l’Italia e l’Australia.
La IAI è un importante passo in questa direzione e mi felicito con
quanti l’hanno fortemente voluta e realizzata. Il traguardo della NIAF
mi sembra ora un passo più vicino, anche se sono consapevole che il
lavoro da fare sia molto.
Le prime realizzazioni concrete cui oggi assistiamo dimostrano che
quello della fondazione degli italiani d’Australia è un progetto concreto
e non un miraggio. Con il contribuito di tutti, sapremo tramutarlo in
realtà: sapremo fare in modo che la nostra comunità trovi finalmente le
ragioni, la forza e l’orgoglio della sua unità.
Parliamentary Notes
The Hon. Phillip Barresi MP
The Hon. Brian Pezzutti MP
The Hon. Carmel Zollo MP
Statement By Members of Parliament
Hon. Phillip Barresi MP
Mr BARRESI (Deakin) —Twenty-five years ago, an organisation was
born in the United States called the National Italian American
Foundation. Its specific purpose was to educate both Italian Americans
and other American citizens on the Italian culture, language and
traditions. Today NIAF, located in Washington DC, donates over $US 1
million in scholarships to help young American kids pursue their
education of all things Italian.
Last week the President of NIAF, Mr Joseph Cerrell, joined an
illustrious group of Australians in the Italian Australian Institute’s
inaugural conference in Melbourne. The conference entitled In Search of
the Italian Australian into the New Millennium had an ambitious
agenda with over 40 respected speakers from both Australia and
overseas. In the end it was hailed as a success by all. I congratulate the
chairman and founder, Rino Grollo, on his vision in creating IAI, often
against much criticism. His task is now to make it a truly national and
representative organisation.
The creation of IAI has been a long-held dream for many, but at each
previous attempt it has been hindered by personal ambition, lust for
power, regional allegiances and even state parochialism. One may ask:
why does the Italian Australian community feel the need to have such
an organisation? After all, as the song says, `We are all Australians.’
There are a number of reasons. While the Italian Australian community
may be more established than some others the stereotypes of Italian
contributions still abound.
Italian Australians are still considered great restaurateurs, cane
growers, tobacco growers, concreters and perhaps some other more
unsavoury occupations. People forget that a number of Italian
Australians have made significant contributions in the fields of law,
academia, politics, commerce and the arts. Many of these people were
represented at the conference last week. The IAI will ensure that the
Italian contribution that has improved our nation’s cultural diversity
will be broadcast loud and clear. It will provide educational cultural
funding to this end. And if the collective interests of the Italian
Australian community is set back or prejudiced in any manner, then that
injustice will be addressed. It is a function not too dissimilar to that
xlii
Hon. Phillip Barresi MP
which is carried out by a number of organisations which look after the
interests of the Jewish community. [start page 15782]
This Sunday, as those of us of Italian descent celebrate the Italian
National Day, let us, as Australians, be proud of our commitment to the
prosperity and the future of this land. In doing so, however, let us not
forget our heritage and ancestry for the contribution that they made to
this great land, Australia.
Italian Australian Institute Conference
Legislative Council Proof Hansard
Hon. Dr Brian. P. V. Pezzutti
The Hon Dr B. P. V. Pezzutti [11.07pm]: On Thursday and Friday of
last week I was given leave of the house to attend the inaugural
conference of the Italian Australian Institute, which is a new institute
established in Victoria. The conference was launched by the Victorian
Premier, during the visit by the President of the Republic of Italy. It was
sponsored by the Consul-General, whom I met in Victoria. The objects of
the organization are to represent and advance the interests of Italian
Australians; to promote and preserve the Italian heritage and culture in
Australia; to encourage teaching of the Italian language and culture in
schools and universities; to help young Italian Australians with their
education and careers; to work closely with government and Italian
community groups; to conduct or sponsor research on issues related to
the Italian Australian community; to strengthen cultural, economic,
business and diplomatic links between Italy and Australia; to promote
the appointment of Italian Australians in government, and to provide
support and assistance to Italian Australians who have been so
appointed; to help elderly and necessitous Italian Australians to obtain
suitable welfare assistance and work opportunities; and to monitor the
portrayal of Italian Australians in the news and media.
The conference was hosted by the chairman, Mr Rino Grollo and his
wife Diana Ruzzene-Grollo, in the presence of a large gathering of
important individuals. Amongst the parliamentarians in attendance
were Phillip Ruddock, Con Sciacca, Carlo Furletti, Morris Iemma – from
this parliament – and a number of Victorian members of Parliament, Mr
Tony Stayley and the Italian Ambassador, Dr Castellaneta. Lord Mayor
Frank Sartor was a guest speaker on Friday in the presence of the
Deputy Lord Mayor of Melbourne.
Also present during the gathering were Diana Ruzzene-Grollo,
Francis Cardinal George from Chicago, and Archbishop Pell. The guest
speaker for lunch on Thursday was Justice Stephen Charles. A number
of other ambassadors were also present. The whole organization was
supported by a number of important sponsors with the acknowledged
presence of many leading academics from across Australia, from the
xliv
Hon. Dr Brian P.V. Pezzutti
Australian National University, Deakin University, Monash University,
The Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Swinburne University, the
University of Melbourrne, the University of Southern Queensland, the
University of Sydney, the University of Western Australia and Victoria
University. There were a number of speakers from other universities as
well.
This was the first gathering of the Institute, which has an enormous
future. It was held at the Park Hyatt in very pleasant surroundings and
attended by a large number of people on different days. Whilst there, I
had the opportunity to visit and look at some aged care facilities which
had been set up by an Italian family and now handed over to a major
public company. This major public company cares for people who are
severely disabled in small group homes and in small settings with a very
dedicated staff. It is an organization of the highest quality which should
be replicated in New South Wales. I have invited the organization here
to meet with Mrs Lo Po’ because I think it has something very definitely
to offer here in New South Wales.
The speakers were of a uniform high standard and acknowledged
excellence within their own fields. The questions were most
enlightening. I learnt an enormous amount from being there – about
Italian culture and the two million Australians who have Italian
background, but more importantly about the work that Italian
Australians have to do to make this multicultural nation worthwhile to
continue to live in, to be more inclusive of all the other national groups,
which are of course smaller, and to ensure that multiculturalism is of
benefit to both sides, for giving and for taking. It was a most
extraordinary event. I pay tribute to Rino Grollo, his organization, and
the director of the Institute, Mr Gaspare Sirianni, for a well-run, very
positive experience. I believe that most of the people who attended
would have come away from the conference thrilled to have been there
and most enlivened by the conversations.
Matter of Interest: Italian Australian Institute Conference
Hon. Carmel Zollo JP MLC
The Hon Carmel Zollo: Along with the other members of this
parliament of Italian heritage, I was invited to attend and participate in
the inaugural conference of the Italian Australian Institute, held in
Melbourne last week. I was pleased to be part of the conference on the
last day and evening. The Institute was launched last year during the
visit of the President of the Republic of Italy and is supported by the
Italian Ambassador. The principal sponsor and driving force of the
Institute is Mr Rino Grollo, prominent developer and Australian
business identity.
The Institute is a non-political, non-profit national organization
devoted to the advancement of the interests of Australians of Italian
background. The conference theme was “In search of the Italian
Australian into the New Millennium,” which probably best sums up the
aims and sentiments of the conference. The day I attended, the
presenters and guest speakers ranged from the Most Reverend George
Pell, Archbishop of Melbourne, to Professor Mary Kalantzis from RMIT
University.
Several women of Italian background from South Australia were
guest speakers: Ms Paola Niscioli, a PhD student from Flinders
University; Ms Lara Palombo, a PhD student from Adelaide University;
and Ms Teresa Crea, the Artistic Director of Doppio Teatro. Statistics
show that there are nearly two million people of Italian origin in
Australia and that it is the largest non-English speaking community.
Australia-wide, between first and second generations, the number is
approximately 672,000. In South Australia, our first generation numbers
27,210, approximately, or 11.4 per cent of the first generation Australiawide – a significant number. Our second generation numbers 37,715.
Nearly 25 per cent of South Australians who were born in Italy do not
speak English well: that is a significant factor in terms of access to and
delivery of services, because almost one-third of this Italy-born group is
over 65 years of age.
Whilst we are all part of the living history of this nation, to a great
extent the future and identity of the Italo-Australian community in
Australia will be shaped by the second and third generations, with each
generation wanting to shape its own identity.
xlvi
Hon. Carmel Zollo JP MLC
Among the interim list of conference recommendations, I was
pleased to see the support for the Working Holiday Maker Program
between Australian and Italy. Members will recall that I was the author
of a motion sent from this chamber early last year to the Minister for
Immigration and Cultural Affairs, supporting the continuation of talks
for this program to become reality.
I had reason to write to the minister recently regarding the
government’s response to the Joint Standing Committee on Migration
inquiry recommendations. As a result, the government agreed that, from
1 July 2000, access to the program should be limited to those countries
with which Australia has a formal agreement. In the meantime, as an
agreement is yet to be signed with Italy, many others in the ItaloAustralian community and I are concerned that this discretion has been
removed.
Two hundred and fifty young people were previously granted visas
under the scheme. Minister Ruddock responded last week, expressing
his belief that a formal agreement with Italy should be happening in the
very near future. I hope that this is the case. Two other important issues
were canvassed at the conference: the creation of a national research
center dedicated to the history and culture of Italian Australians; and
better cultural links between Italy and Australia, including the provision
of scholarships for young people.
No culture can survive without the glue that binds it together – its
language – so I was not surprised to see the call for stronger government
funding for Italian language and other programs in Australian
universities.
We all appreciate that the wisdom of experience and age is important
and should always be respected, but the world is both rapidly changing
and becoming increasingly more global.
The point was made by a participant that, if the Institute is to be the
resounding success we all hope it will be, it will need to be truly national
and include a fair gender representation, as well as the involvement of
our young people. I wish the Institute every success and look forward to
the formal presentation of the recommendations of the inaugural
conference later this year.