Il tempo in economia:
una complessità che dipende
dal sentiero
Cristiano Antonelli
Direttore Dipartimento di Economia “Cognetti de Martiis”
Università degli Studi di Torino
1
Typology of dynamic processes
Typology of dynamic processes
ERGODIC PROCESSES
DETERMINISTICALLY
CONVERGENT AND
GLOBALLY STABLE
STOCHASTICALLY
CONVERGENT
NON ERGODIC PROCESSES
PATH DEPENDENCE
PAST DEPENDENCE
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Cristiano Antonelli Università degli Studi di Torino
Past and path dependence
Past and path dependence
PATH DEPENDENCE
PAST DEPENDENCE
• Quasi-irreversibility
• Internal learning
• Internal learning
• Local externalities and feedbacks
in changing knowledge pools
• Irreversibility within the firm
• Knowledge governance
• Creativity
• Irreversibility of the endowments
• Given knowledge pools
• Given architecture of the system
• Dynamic coordination
• Structural change
• Architectural change of knowledge pools
• Induced changes in factor prices
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Cristiano Antonelli Università degli Studi di Torino
Individual and systemic
path dependence
The factors of individual and systemic path dependence - 1
INDIVIDUAL PATH DEPENDENCE
SYSTEMIC PATH DEPENDENCE
• FACTORS & SKILLS
ENDOWMENTS
STRONG AND WEAK
FIXED PRODUCTION FACTORS
QUASI-IRREVERSIBILITY
• COMPETITIVE ENTROPY
• ECONOMIC STRUCTURE
• INPUT OUTPUT MATRIX
4
Cristiano Antonelli Università degli Studi di Torino
Individual and systemic
path dependence
The factors of individual and systemic path dependence - 2
INDIVIDUAL PATH DEPENDENCE
•ACCESS CONDITIONS TO
KNOWLEDGE POOLS
LOCAL EXTERNALITIES
AND FEEDBACKS
• PROXIMITY
• RECEPTIVITY
• KNOWLEDGE GOVERNANCE
SYSTEMIC PATH DEPENDENCE
•VARIETY OF AGENTS AND
COMPETENCE
• STRUCTURE OF KNOWLEDGE
NETWORKS
• COMMUNICATION &
PERCOLATION PROBABILITY
• I.P.R. TO MANAGE THE
KNOWLEDGE TRADE-OFF
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Cristiano Antonelli Università degli Studi di Torino
Individual and systemic
path dependence
The factors of individual and systemic path dependence - 3
INDIVIDUAL PATH DEPENDENCE
SYSTEMIC PATH DEPENDENCE
• STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN
INDUSTRIES, PRODUCT AND
FACTOR MARKETS
• LEARNING
• CREATION OF NEW
COMMUNICATION CHANNELS
CREATIVITY
• GENERATION OF NEW
LOCALIZED KNOWLEDGE
• INTRODUCTION OF NEW
LOCALIZED TECHNOLOGIES
• FIRMS STRATEGIES
• ARCHITECTURAL CHANGE IN
KNOWLEDGE NETWORKS
• SUPERMODULARITY WITHIN
KNOWLEDGE POOLS
• NEW TECHNOLOGICAL
SYSTEMS AND NEW
TECHNOLOGICAL DISTRICTS
• NEW INTERACTIONS AND
FEEDBACKS
• DYNAMIC COORDINATION
Cristiano Antonelli Università degli Studi di Torino
6
Interaction
The evolving interaction between individual path
and systemic path dependence
ARCHITECTURE (t)
FIRM
LOCALIZED
TECHNOLOGICAL
CHANGES
STRATEGIES
STRUCTURAL
CHANGES AND
ARCHITECTURE (t+1)
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Cristiano Antonelli Università degli Studi di Torino