Word lists – Italian loan-words - From Old English to Standard English 3rd edition ITALIAN There are very few loan-words from Italian before the 16th century, and all were borrowed via French: alarm million OF alarme < Italian allarme - all arme! (to arms!) 1325 Early English Alliterative Poems Loude alarom vpon launde lulted was πenne OF million < Italian millione 1362 Langland Piers Plowman Mony Milions mo of Men and of Wymmen. 16th century Italian allegro Ragusea articiocco ballone ballotta bandito bella donna bravo (villain) carnevale cupola duo garbo gondola lotteria maccaroni date 1541 1577 1531 1592 1549 1593 1597 1597 1549 1549 1590 1591 1549 1567 1599 MnE algebra argosy artichoke balloon ballot bandit belladonna bravo carnival cupola duo garb gondola lottery macaroni Italian madonna madrigale maneggiare Milan + -er motto montimbanco parapetto piazza scopo sonetto squadrone stucco tarantola violino date 1584 1588 1561 1529 1589 1577 1583 1583 1562 1557 1562 1598 1561 1579 MnE madonna madrigal manage milliner motto mountebank parapet piazza scope sonnet squadron stucco tarantula violin The following words from Italian are first recorded in Shakespeare’s Love’s Labours Lost, 1588: pedante stanza pedant stanza iii. i. 179, I that haue beene..A domineering pedant ore the Boy. iv. ii. 107 Let me heare a staffe, a stanze, a verse, Lege domine.. 17th century Italian balcone broccoli bullettino dado ditto fresco gala gambetto getto granito grotta gusto incognito largo manifesto miniatura date 1618 1699 1645 1664 1625 1620 1625 1656 1611 1646 1617 1647 1649 1683 1644 1645 MnE balcony broccoli bulletin dado ditto fresco gala gambit ghetto granite grotto gusto incognito largo manifesto miniature Italian pergola portico presto profilo recitativo regatta solo sonata stiletto trillo ombrella vermicelli villa vista volcano date 1675 1605 1683 1656 1645 1652 1695 1694 1611 1649 1668 1669 1615 1657 1613 MnE pergola portico presto profile recitative regatta solo sonata stiletto trill umbrella vermicelli villa vista volcano 1 2 Word lists – Italian loan-words - From Old English to Standard English 3rd edition 18th century Italian ad agio allegro andante aria arpeggiare cadenza cantata concerto contralto crescendo dilettante diminuendo duetto falsetto finale forte impresario influenza lava libretto loggia date 1746 1721 1742 1742 1742 1753 1724 1730 1730 1776 1748 1775 1740 1774 1783 1724 1746 1743 1750 1742 1742 MnE adagio allegro andante aria arpeggio cadenza cantata concerto contralto crescendo dilettante diminuendo duet falsetto finale forte impresario influenza lava libretto loggia Italian maestro mal’aria marasca obbligato oratorio piano e forte porto folio prima donna rondo salva semolino soprano staccato tempo torso trombone viola violoncello date 1797 1740 1791 1730 1727 1767 1722 1782 1797 1719 1797 1730 1724 1724 1797 1724 1797 1724 MnE maestro malaria maraschino obbligato oratorio pianoforte portfolio prima donna rondo salvo semolina soprano staccato tempo torso trombone viola (instrument) violoncello date 1819 1813 1831 1883 1834 1834 1846 1815 1875 1860 1856 MnE alto bravura casino diva inferno intermezzo lasagna legato mafia magenta piccolo Italian pizzicato replica risotto salame spaghetto studio tempera tombola vendetta vibrato date 1880 1824 1855 1852 1888 1819 1832 1880 1855 1861 MnE pizzicato replica risotto salami spaghetti studio tempera tombola vendetta vibrato date 1935 1929 1961 1910 MnE al dente ciao dolce vita gorgonzola Italian paparazzo pizza scampo date 1968 1953 1953 MnE paparazzo pizza scampi 19th century Italian alto bravura casino diva inferno intermezzo lasagna legato mafia Magenta piccolo 20th century Italian al dente ciao dolce vita gorgonzola