Chiesa di Cristo in Ferrara Studi Biblici e Riflessioni Chiesa di Cristo, Via Paglia 37, Ferrara Telefono: 0532 760138 http://www.chiesadicristofe.org Indice - fascicolo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'3/';'4F@(+.9,(>>()'3/';'4*,(*/4&(.33'C0*,'4./4'0'*?'./(4./9(44&'/(2'4'5;*--* *44.30'(/+.0' * >,*44'* *1(,-( *381( /./ 6 7/ )(210'4( )(/-'2(/-. +' )'21*-'* '3/';'4*'21(3/*,)'*+*2*,((*'7-*,(0 *0-,.54&'7/=7(()).)'* 9(,'4,')-'*/'7)*/.=7()-*1*,.0*)1(4'*02(/-(1(,+',(4&(0 *2.,(+''.1*))* ).1,* *00(>*,,'(,(,*??'*0'5)())7*0'().4'*0' )()'4&'(+(*'4,')-'*/'1(,4&I*2*/.'/=7()-.2.+.5())' ,')1./+./.A <1(,4&I6=7()-.'02.+.4./ 47''.4'&**2*-'(-7--.,*4'*2*<% &'()*+',')-.'/(,,*,* "# ! Il nostro Maestro è Gesù! E questa dichiarazione non viene dagli apostoli. Essa viene direttamente da Cristo, che appunto disse: “UNO SOLO È IL VOSTRO MAESTRO”. Lo disse ed ebbe il diritto di dirlo. I discepoli, che vissero con Lui, riconobbero che Egli era il Maestro per eccellenza: “Signore, a chi ce ne andremmo noi? Tu hai parole di vita eterna” (Giovanni 6:68). Anche noi, che siamo stati e siamo tuttora alla scuola del Vangelo, possiamo dire, parafrasando quanto Gesù disse di sé: “Uno solo è il nostro Maestro”: LUI! / *--(.A5()E+'4(A <./+'1*/().0-*/-.9'9,80 7.2.52*+ .3/'1*,.0*4&(1,.4(+( +*00*>.44*+''.< MMMMMMMMMMMM **,.0*+''.62(,*9'30'.)*5;.,/')4()(21,(/7.9((/(,3'( 0*02')-*+'4(A <&54.2()./.+.04'0(-7(1*,.0(*02'.1*0*-.%./.1'E+.04' +(02'(0(*00*2'*>.44*<@*02. #A !C (1*,.0(+(00*'>>'*)./.1*,*3./*-(*+7/2'(0()1','-7*0( G7*/+.'/3'--.30',4&(.0.3'*1,',./.0*-.2>*+(0*,*./("7-*/N82./5-,.9*,./. +(00( */;.,( 1'(/( +' 2'(0( .1. !!! *//' (,* */4.,* >7./.5 1,()(,9*-. 1(,;(--*2(/-(% (00.)-()).2.+.0(*4,(4,'--7,(+(00*'>>'*)./.)(21,(;,()4&((+*33'.,/*-( 00.,.2())*33'.1(/(-,*/('1,.>0(2'+'.3/'3(/(,*?'./(-8)4,'--.4&(A < (,>*)')(44*5 '0 ;'.,(4*+(52*0*1*,.0*+(0'3/.,(1(,2*/('/ (-(,/.<@ '(-,. 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resentiamo qui a sostegno di un "approfondimento", una raccolta di concezioni e di testimonianze strane e sorprendenti, rese al carattere di Cristo come uomo, da scrittori ed increduli, scettici di "professione" od almeno liberi da ogni tendenza dogmatica e che, pertanto, non possono venire sospettati di parzialità. Le testimonianze che esporremo sono importanti ed interessanti in vari modi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