History of Europe and North America has led to the
creation of what we call Liberal Democratic States, the
highest principles of which are
life, freedom, pursuit of happiness,
➢
right to private property
➢
right to vote
➢
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•
Inside a Liberal Democratic
State people are granted
with:
Division of powers:
legislative,executive,
judiciary
Free General Elections
Equal Law
Charles Secondat
Baron of Montesquieu
Was in favour of rigid division of
powers
The State is the subject which uses legitimate
power which , on its turn, is regulated by Law
and commonly accepted by citizens
This is the reason why the foundamental
power of the State is the Legislative one
In Italy the Legislative power is vested in the
two Houses of Parliament, the Chamber of
Deputies and the Senate.
A forthcoming Constitutional modification will vary the above
asset
In a democratic State, citizens freely elect their
representatives in Parliament
Elections (polls) are to be
considered free and democratic
when:
•
MPs are elected for a given
period of time (legislatura)
•
Speech, print, political
association freedoms are
granted to all citizens
•
Freedom of expression and
information implies pluralism of
the media
Montecitorio
A democratic state, to be strong and stable, has
to promote lively involvment of its citizens
Partecipation to civil life is
achived when all citizens share
common decisions
For instance:
School set of rules will be
decided by students',
teachers' and parents'
representatives, according to
statal laws.
Italian Constitution promotes all citizens'
partecipation in the political, economical
and social life of the nation
Art. 3
All citizens have equal social dignity and are equal before the law, without
distinction of sex, race, language, religion, political opinion, personal and social
conditions.
It is the duty of the Republic to remove those obstacles of an economic or social
nature which constrain the freedom and equality of citizens, thereby impeding the
full development of the human person and the effective participation of all
workers in the political, economic and social organisation of the country.
To promote partecipation, Italian Constitution
establishes what follows
Art. 5
“The Republic, one and indivisible,recognizes
and grants local autonomies...”
Constitutional Law n.3/2001 granted Regions part of
legislative power on several matters
“Ragazzi in aula” is a
project sponsored by
Regione Piemonte...
… to teach students how to promote and issue regional
laws...
...which have to be in agreement with State
Constitution and legislation
so...
common welfare has to be their ultimate aim,
they have to be universally accepted and must not
violate foundamental democratic rights