EAPDH - 16th Annual Meeting
Rome, 22-24 September 2011
Multispectral Imaging and Hypercolorimetry
in Dentistry and endo-oral Dermatology
Marcello Melis, Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl – Rome, Italy
www.profilocolore.it
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
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Imaging:
when an image is worth 1000 words
In Medicine, and specifically in
Dentistry and Dermatology
imaging is an
invaluable support
to a good practice.
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
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Imaging:
when an image is worth 1000 words
Key points are:
Documentation
Diagnosis
Monitoring
Archiving
Education
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
3/43
Imaging:
when an image is worth 1000 words
Weakness are:
Lack of methodology
Lack of shared Standards
Poorly comparable results
Incompatible data across disciplines
Imaging bounded to visible light
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
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The visible light
Eyes are stimulated ONLY by
electromagnetic radiations
falling into a well defined range of wavelegths:
The Visible Spectrum
Visible Spectrum
UV
Blue
Green
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Red
IR1
IR2
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
IR3
5/43
Reflectance of surfaces:
imaging vs instrument
UV
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Visible
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
IR
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Reflectance of surfaces:
Imaging vs Instrument
UV
Visible
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
IR
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
7/43
Reflectance of surfaces:
Imaging vs Instrument
UV
Visible
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
IR
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
8/43
Standard Reflex Digital Camera
Nikon D7000
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
9/43
Spectral Sensitivity Measurement set-up
Profilocolore Lab (Rome) – NIST derived spectral precision
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
10/43
Nikon D7000 Spectral Sensitivity
vs Standard Colorimetry CMF
Nikon D7000 Spectral
Sensitivity
CIE '31Color Matching Functions
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
11/43
Modified Digital Reflex Camera
Profilocolore Optimized Nikon D7000
Sensor Filter Modification
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
12/43
Modified Camera Spectral Sensitivity
Standard Sensitivity
Modified Sensitivity
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
13/43
Final System Spectral Sensitivity
The Modified Camera is used along with a set of
Optical Filters to separate the multispectral bands
UV
Blue
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Green
Red
IR1
IR2
IR3
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
14/43
Multispectral Imaging
vs Instrumental Reflectance
Surfaces that look different to the eye
for sure have different reflectance spectra.
The opposit is not automatically true!
Surfaces with different reflectance spectra (outside the visible)
could appear equal to the eye
UV
4
3
2
1
Vis
4
3
2
1
IR1
4
3
2
1
4
2
3
1
2
UV
3
1
IR2
4
3
2
1
IR3
4
3
2
1
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
4
Blue Green
Red
IR1
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
IR2
IR3
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Reflectance of human skin
In the visible range, the main chromophores of human skin are
hemoglobin and melanin.
Hemoglobin is found in the microvascular network of the dermis,
typically 50–500 μm below the skin surface.
In contrast, melanin is located in the epidermis,
which occupies the top 50–100 μm.
Human skin is characterized by variable concentration in melanin.
Melanin and hemoglobin strongly absorb light in the ultraviolet (UV) and visible
ranges and they present low absorption in the near-infrared range.
Melanin in particular has a photoprotective action
because of its light absorption properties (Kollias et al, 1991).
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
16/43
Classification of Human Skin
Skin
Type
Skin Color and commonly associated
morphological chracteristics
I
White; very fair; red or blond hair; blue
eyes
II
White; fair; red or blond hair; blue, hazel,
or green eyes
III
Cream white; fair with any eye or hair
color; very common
IV
Brown; typical Mediterranean caucasian
skin
V
Dark Brown; mid-eastern skin types
VI
Black
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Felix von Luschan Skin Color chart
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
17/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Human Skin
Image in Visible light
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
UV
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
18/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Human Skin
Image in Visible light
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Blue
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
19/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Human Skin
Image in Visible light
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Green
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
20/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Human Skin
Image in Visible light
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Red
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
21/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Human Skin
Image in Visible light
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
IR1
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
22/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Human Skin
Image in Visible light
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
IR2
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
23/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Human Skin
Image in Visible light
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
IR3
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
24/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Human Skin
Image in Visible light
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
UV
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
25/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Human Skin
Image in Visible light
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Blue
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
26/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Human Skin
Image in Visible light
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Green
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
27/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Human Skin
Image in Visible light
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Red
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
28/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Human Skin
Image in Visible light
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
IR1
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
29/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Human Skin
Image in Visible light
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
IR2
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
30/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Human Skin
Image in Visible light
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
IR3
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
31/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Endo-oral Dermatology
Dedicated optical devices to

Provide a selective multispectral light, or

Optical system for single shot multispectral imaging



Conversion kit to use the Modified Camera as an
Imaging System or as a Spectroradiometric
Instrument
Disposable and/or easily sterilizable probes
Establishment of a Multispectral Signature Reference
Database, to assist in identifying physiological or
pathological tissues
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
32/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Natural and Artificial Teeth
UV
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
33/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Natural and Artificial Teeth
Blue
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
34/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Natural and Artificial Teeth
Green
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
35/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Natural and Artificial Teeth
Red
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
36/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Natural and Artificial Teeth
IR1
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
37/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Natural and Artificial Teeth
IR2
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
38/43
Multispectral Imaging of
Natural and Artificial Teeth
IR3
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
39/43
Multispectral Imaging
in Dentistry
Dedicated System

Uniform wide spectrum light

Auto-calibrating System


Multispectral teeth signature to communicate among
Dentist and Dental technician through a standard
hypercolorimetry
Conversion kit to use the Modified Camera both as an
Imaging System or as a Spectroradiometer Instrument
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
40/43
Multispectral Imaging
Equipment
Profilocolore Multispectral Imaging System
Customized Nikon D7000 Camera
Modified
Sensors
Dedicated Software
Filters
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
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Multispectral Imaging
Equipment
Medical Macro Lighting Bracket Spider
Flash solution with
SB-R200
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Continuous solution with
White or Spectral LED
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
42/43
Profilocolore
Enhance your Vision
Thank you
Marcello Melis, Matteo Miccoli
EAPDH 16th
Rome, 22-24 Settembre 2011
Marcello Melis - Matteo Miccoli
Profilocolore Srl - www.profilocolore.it
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