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Lingua Inglese
REVISING ENGLISH VERBS
CACCIA ALL’INDIZIO…
In un esercizio di GAP FILLING in cui si
devono riempire gli spazi con i verbi al
“tempo giusto”, come si capisce quale è il
“tempo giusto”?
Un frase non viene quasi mai
da sola, sottintende sempre
un certo contesto…
Di solito ci sono gli indizi
che aiutano a capire quale
verbo si deve utilizzare…
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Michela Giordano
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GAP FILLING (1)
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Michela Giordano
Ginger usually (1) ____ (live) in a big
house in New York, but at the moment
she (2) _____ (live) in a flat in Cambridge.
She (3) _____ (like) her flat but she (4)
_______ (look for) a bigger house in
these days.
She (5) _____ (work) for a local
newspaper, but now she (6) _________
(write) an article for a magazine.
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PRESENT SIMPLE OR PRESENT CONTINUOUS?
GAP FILLING (2)
 Where
 Can
you answer the phone, please? I (4)
____________ (wash) my hair.
 Colin
is very busy these days. He (5)
_____________ (study) hard.
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Michela Giordano
are Sam and Nick? I (1)
____________ (not know). Perhaps
they (2) ______________ (have) lunch
at the café. They usually (3)
_____________ ( have ) lunch there.
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PRESENT SIMPLE OR PRESENT CONTINUOUS?
PRESENT SIMPLE (1)
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esprime idee e fatti oggettivamente veri.
2) non include alcuna nozione di tempo
specifico; non necessariamente riguarda il
tempo presente.
3)Water freezes at 0° C.
North Pole is very cold.
3) esprime azioni abituali (avverbi di
frequenza: usually, every day, always,
often, rarely, sometimes, three times a
week/month) o realtà sempre presenti.
Paul goes to school every day.
1)
Michela Giordano
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PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Michela Giordano
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1)descrive
un'azione
in
corso
di
svolgimento al momento attuale (now, at
the moment) o in un periodo di tempo
presente circoscritto (in this period, these
days, this week).
2)indica un’azione nel suo svolgersi;
corrisponde alla locuzione italiana “stare
facendo”.
 L'uso di questa forma include una certa idea di
durata e indica che il tempo è una considerazione
importante…
(indizio nella frase…)
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Paul and I are going to the cinema on
Friday evening.
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I am seeing my doctor at five o’clock.
Michela Giordano
3) Si può usare per indicare un’azione
futura. Di solito si tratta di un futuro
relativamente vicino, di piani che stiamo
facendo o sono già stati fissati.
Indica che un evento è stato pianificato, un
accordo è già presente, sui tempi e suoi
luoghi di un incontro.
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WITH FUTURE MEANING
Michela Giordano
Il Simple Present si usa per:
1) ABITUDINI: avvengono regolarmente
2) STATI: condizioni che non cambiano
spesso
Il Present Continuous si usa per:
1) AZIONE TEMPORANEA: che avviene
ora, in questo momento o periodo
2) UN PROGETTO DEFINITO PER IL
FUTURO:
già
pianificato
e8
programmato
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PRESENT SIMPLE VS
PRESENT CONTINUOUS (1)
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PRESENT SIMPLE VS
PRESENT CONTINUOUS (2)
Michela Giordano
I verbi statici sono (quasi) sempre usati al Present
Simple: danno l'idea di permanenza e completezza.
Verbi di opinione o atteggiamento mentale:
believe, think, understand, suppose, agree, know,
remember, forget
Verbi di emozione, volontà e desiderio:
like, love, detest, envy, hate, hope, prefer, wish, want
Verbi di “avere o essere”:
belong, own, depend, contain, seem, appear, need, have
Verbi dei sensi e percezione involontaria:
see, hear, taste, smell.
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GAP FILLING (3)
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PAST SIMPLE OR PAST CONTINUOUS?
Michela Giordano
We (1) ________ (wait for) Emma and
Jack outside the restaurant, and they (2)
___________ (look for) us inside. When
we (3) __________ (find) them, we (4)
_________ (sit) down at a table near the
restaurant garden.
It (5) _________ (be) a beautiful evening:
while we (6) ___________ (eat), a band
(7) _____________ (play) romantic
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music.
GAP FILLING (4)
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PAST SIMPLE OR PAST CONTINUOUS?
Michela Giordano
There was a nice film yesterday, but I
______________ (not/watch) it because I
preferred going to bed early.
2) George _______________ (stay) at
home yesterday. It was a sunny day, so he
_____________ (decide) to spend some
time in the garden.
3) ____________________ (you/not/go)
to Piccadilly Circus when you were in
London?
1)
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GAP FILLING (4)
She couldn't hear what they
_________________ (talk) about.
4)
The man _______________ (try)
to cross the garden when the dog
began barking.
Michela Giordano
I __________ (ask) my sister to
go out with me yesterday but she
____________ (not/want) to as she
was tired.
4)
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PAST SIMPLE OR PAST CONTINUOUS?
5)
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GAP FILLING (5)
PAST SIMPLE OR PRESENT PERFECT?
3)
4)
Michela Giordano
2)
I ________
(phone) him
yesterday but he __________
(not be) in.
________ (you/go) to the disco
last night?
I __________ (read) that book
already.
I _________ (not read) it yet.
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1)
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GAP FILLING (6)
1)
3)
4)
Michela Giordano
2)
I _________ (never drive) a car
before.
I __________ (try) sangria on
holiday in Spain last year.
____________ (you/go) to the
mountains recently?
I __________ (just make) some
tea, if you would like a cup.
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PAST SIMPLE OR PRESENT PERFECT?
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GAP FILLING (7)
PAST SIMPLE OR PRESENT PERFECT?
8)
__________ (you/do) anything
special last summer? Yes, I
______ (go) to New York and
______ (visit) the Empire State
Building.
9)
I_______ (not see) them since
last summer.
Michela Giordano
I __________ (read) a very
interesting book on diets recently.
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7)
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SIMPLE PAST
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Michela Giordano
1) Indica azioni completamente
passate e concluse, spesso
definite
con
avverbi
o
espressioni
di
tempo
determinato come yesterday,
last week,
last night, last
summer, a year ago, two years
ago, a minute ago, when I was
a child, in 1990, etc.
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PAST CONTINUOUS
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Michela Giordano
1) un'azione che era in corso di
svolgimento in un momento del passato:
Jill was working when I got up.
2) un'azione che era in corso di
svolgimento quando un certo evento del
passato si verificò:
While I was reading a story, the telephone rang.
3) due azioni di una certa durata che erano
entrambe in corso di svolgimento in un
dato momento del passato:
While Bob was watching TV, Rita was playing the
piano.
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PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
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Michela Giordano
1) un’azione avvenuta in un periodo di
tempo non del tutto trascorso o concluso:
(this week, this morning, this month,
today, so far, up to now)
I have been to the cinema twice this week.
2) Le conseguenze dell’azione interessano
il tempo presente: ciò che importa è il
risultato,
l’effetto
dell’azione
sul
presente: (yet, already, just, recently,
ever, never, since, for)
I have just come back.
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PRESENT PERFECT VS PAST SIMPLE (1)
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Michela Giordano
Si usa il present perfect quando l’azione:
1) è avvenuta in un periodo di tempo non
ancora concluso: this week, today, this
morning
I have seen three movies this week.
2) è già avvenuta ma il tempo non è
specificato: l’importante è l’effetto sul
presente:
I have seen that movie already.
3) riguarda il passato recente:
Martin has crashed his car again.
4)non è ancora finita, con for e since:
I have lived in London for two years/since 2003. 19
PRESENT PERFECT VS PAST SIMPLE (2)
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Michela Giordano
Si usa il past simple quando l’azione:
1) è avvenuta in un tempo passato e concluso:
yesterday, last month/year, a moment ago,
when I was a child/on holiday
I saw three movies last week.
2) si è svolta in un tempo ben determinato, o
che si desume dal contesto:
I saw that movie on Saturday.
3) è avvenuta in un passato un pò più remoto:
Martin crashed his car last year.
4) è già finita, con for e since:
I lived in London for two years.
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GAP FILLING (8)
1)
3)
4)
When John ______ (telephone) Maria, he
__________ (already prepare) dinner.
I __________ (turn off) the radio
because I (already listen to) the news.
When I ______ (see) Paul last
Christmas he ______ (tell) me his wife
__________ (leave) him three months
before.
When Mary (come) ________ back home
last night, she _________ (realize)
someone ________ (break in) her house. 21
Michela Giordano
2)
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PAST SIMPLE OR PAST PERFECT?
PAST PERFECT
nel passato, ma la seconda, precede la prima).
Yesterday
I arrived at the station at 9:00,
but the train had left at 8:00.
2) specifica quale dei due eventi è
avvenuto prima. E’ utile quando si
racconta
una
storia mettendo
in
relazione eventi passati.
Michela Giordano
un evento che è accaduto prima
di un altro evento nel passato:
When I arrived at the station, the train had
already left. (Entrambe le azioni sono avvenute
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1)descrive
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GAP FILLING (9)
FUTURE: WILL OR GOING TO?
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Michela Giordano
I need some more money. I ______
(go) to the bank tomorrow.
2) I promise: I ______ (write) to you.
3) Get ready! The soccer match
_________ (start).
4) It’s very cold. I _________ (close)
the window.
5) What a nice blouse! I __________
(buy) it for Mum!
1)
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GAP FILLING (10)
6)
8)
9)
10)
11)
Are you going shopping? What ______
(you/buy)?
Tom _________ (be) 35 next August.
The concert_______ (be) on 10th
June.
John thinks he _________ (get) the
job.
That boy ___________ (fall off) his
bike!
Look at those clouds! It _______
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(snow)!
Michela Giordano
7)
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FUTURE: WILL OR GOING TO?
FUTURE WITH WILL
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Michela Giordano
1) azioni future non programmate, che
in quel momento si decide di compiere:
It’s very cold. I’ll close the window.
2) previsioni future:
I think Italy will win the Football World Cup.
3)azioni che sicuramente avverranno e
che non dipendono dalla nostra
volontà:
The concert will be on 24th May.
4) con i verbi hope, think, be sure,
believe, suppose:
I think I’ll go next year.
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FUTURE WITH GOING TO
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Michela Giordano
1) l’intenzione personale di compiere
un’azione: traduce “avere intenzione di”:
I am going to have a holiday next week.
2) qualcosa che sta per accadere e che
risulta inevitabile date le premesse: in
questo caso corrisponde alla locuzione
italiana “stare per”, “essere sul punto
di”:
Look at those clouds! It’s going to rain.
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Michela Giordano
MULTIPLE CHOICE
QUESTIONS ON
ENGLISH VERBS
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Michela Giordano
1) If laptop computers _________
cheaper, I ______________one.
A were / would get
B was / get
C would be / I’ll get
2) When you come, we ______________
a picnic, but it depends _______the
weather.
A will have / on
B are having / to
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C will have / from
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Michela Giordano
3) What __________ you do if something
really strange _______________to you?
A would do / happens
B will / happen
C would / happened
4) Jane studies at University. She
_________ what she wants to do when
she _______ her degree.
A doesn’t know / finishes
B doesn’t know / is finishing
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C is not knowing/ will finish
Michela Giordano
6) My brother isn’t working at the
moment. He ____________ for a new job.
A will be look
B looks
C is looking
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5) All the employees ___________________to
the party by post. I think they
_______________.
A was invited / are coming
B have been invited / will come
C were inviting / will come
D can’t be inviting / have come
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Michela Giordano
8) I ______to listen to my personal stereo
yesterday, but I _________ all my CDs in
the old flat.
A was wanting / have left
B have wanted / has left
C wanted / had left
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7) She loves Colombia. She _______________
there for 6 months. Now she lives in
Chile.
A has lived
B lived
C has being living
D was used to living
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Michela Giordano
10) I gave up smoking a long time ago.
I ____________________a cigarette
_________2008.
A hadn’t / in
B haven’t had / since
C haven’t have / for
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9) I _______________ to work when I
_____________ I didn’t have my keys to
the office.
A was going / remembered
B was going / was remembering
C went / was remembering
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Michela Giordano
12) Lucy _______________ come to the
door at the moment. She ______________
a cake.
A can’t / made
B can’t / is making
C can’t / makes
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11) The town of Rome _________________
many centuries ago.
A has been founded
B was found
C was finded
D was founded
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Michela Giordano
13) I __________________________ ____
piano in the evenings.
A play usually / X
B usually am playing / the
C usually play / the
14) You _______________ stop smoking!
You __________ start taking care of
your health!
A should / should
B should / shouldn’t
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C must / don’t have to
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16) If you ______________ some exercise,
you ______________ some weight!
A did / lost
B didn’t do / will lose
C did / would lose
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15) Can we talk later? I ________ to the
supermarket now. I ________ when I
___________ back.
A am going / am calling / won’t be
B am going / ‘ll call / am
C am going / ‘ll call / will be
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Michela Giordano
17) Thomas __________ to have lots of
girlfriends, but now he ___________
married to Lucy!
A used / has
B used / is
C wasn’t used / gets
18) I ______________ to the teacher
yet. I _______________ her tomorrow
at 10 in her office.
A didn’t talk / will meet
B haven’t talked / am meeting
C didn’t talk / meet
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Michela Giordano
20) If it ______________ tomorrow, we
_______________________ to the
mountains.
A will rain / will go
B rains / wouldn’t go
C rains / won’t go
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19) Have you ever ________ a very
famous person? Oh, yes! I ________
Toto Cutugno last year!
A did meet / have met
B met / met
C met / meeted
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GAP FILLING (A)
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Michela Giordano
Dear Wendy,
Here I am in Cagliari at last! I __________
(arrive) last week on Monday and I
_____________
(start) the course at
University. When I ___________ (arrive)
early in the morning, my friends
_______________ (already prepare) my
room: they _______________ (clean)
everything, ______________ (make) my bed
and ___________ (open) the windows to let38
some fresh air in.
GAP FILLING (B)
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Michela Giordano
It _______ (not be) so hot here today: it
____________ (rain) right now, and the
town _________ (becomes) so sad and
boring when it
__________ (rain).
Yesterday it _______ (be) cloudy but it
____________ (not rain).
But, apart from the weather, the town
______ (be) really nice. There is a big
castle
which
_______________
(dominate) the city. And there
_________ (be) a palace, too.
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GAP FILLING (C)
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Michela Giordano
I ___________ (visit) the castle last Tuesday.
It’s really impressive. But I__________ (not
be) to the palace yet, because when
I_________ (tell) my friends I _________
(decide) to go and visit it on Wednesday,
they told me the palace had been closed the
week before for some urgent works.
Next week there __________
(be) an
International
Festival
here
and
I
___________ (buy) to buy the tickets this
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afternoon.
GAP FILLING (D)
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Michela Giordano
Next week there __________ (be) an
International Festival here and I
______________ (buy) the tickets this
afternoon.
This week I______________ (be) to the
theatre to see a performance: it________
(be) great, the best performance I
________________ (ever see).
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GAP FILLING (E)
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Michela Giordano
Next weekend I________________ (go) to the
lake: my friends ____________ (tell) me it is a
very
romantic
place
and
they
___________(show) me some pictures last
night.
There _______ (be) one with some trees,
flowers, boats and ducks in the lake: when I
_______ (see) it, I ______ (say):”I _____ (go)
tomorrow!But Jill________ (ask) me to wait
and __________ (invite) me to go with them
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on a trip next week.
GAP FILLING (F)
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Michela Giordano
I_________ (miss) you and all the
friends at home, but I _______ (be) back
home soon, I promise!
I ______ (write) again soon.
Love,
Cindy.
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Michela Giordano
The end
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