Life-Recoil project
Action 5 report
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento Oli e grassi vegetali ed animali Esausti
Sede Operativa: C.so Venezia, 47/49 – 20121 MILANO
Sede Legale: Via B. Buozzi, 72 – 00197 ROMA
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax. 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
sito web: www.conoe.it
INDEX
5.1 - Definition of environmental impact and quantification of uncollected WCO
...........................................................................................................................pag. 1
5.2 - Analysis of the state-of-the-art of WCO collection systems in Italy and identification of
best practices
...........................................................................................................................pag. 4
5.3 - Identification of critical characteristics in the actual WCO management system
...........................................................................................................................pag. 10
5
- Actions
...........................................................................................................................pag. 19
6
- Edited in collaboration with Andrea Calisse Lawyer – Ambiental Expert
...........................................................................................................................pag. 20
C.O.N.O.E.
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
Life-Recoil Project – Action 5 report
5.1 – Definition of environmental impact and quantification of uncollected
WCO
This report concerns the edible oil and fat waste whose E.W.C. (European Waste Code)
is 200125 (non-hazardous waste).
Although this type of waste is classified as non-hazardous, it is highly harmful, certainly for
the environment and, potentially, for human and animal health.
Environmental damages basically consist of:
a) for water and water bodies as the grease forms a film or patina on the surface that does
not allow oxygen exchange between water and air, thus causing damages to the
ecosystem and murrain of fish fauna and aquatic flora.
Moreover, if the grease penetrates into the water-bearing stratum, it may make
water unfit for drinking.
Economic damages are estimated to be more than 1,000,000.00 €/year;
b) for the sewage system since the presence of grease together with other material causes
them to become clogged over time, with the risk of flooding as well during the rainy
period (spring/autumn), in addition to the need to carry out jobs on the entire
sewage system. The cost is estimated in 5,000,000.00 €/year;
c) for water purification, if there is a purification plant, since the grease can only be
eliminated through the use of enzymes as oil separators only work partially and for
large quantities. In addition, the presence of fat increases the operating cost of the
purifying plant due to the greater electricity consumption.
The increases in purifying cost is estimated to be more than 10,000,000.00 €/year.
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
1
C.O.N.O.E.
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
It is calculated that the economic damage is at least 16 million Euros/year,
excluding environmental damages and the jobs needed to reclaim the polluted sites
and for fish repopulation.
As for health damages:
d) for human health since, if the flow of waste is not properly managed and monitored, it
may happen (and unfortunately in the past it did) that unscrupulous operators,
following a “treatment” (regardless of how thorough), put the spent oil back into the
human feeding circuit;
e) for animal health, and consequently for man’s health, as cooking or frying oil and fat is a
potential transmission factor of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease, more commonly known
as “Mad Cow” or BSE; this is why it is prohibited to use such waste as a component
of zootechnical feed, so much so that frying or cooking oil and fat, as home cooking
and restaurant waste, cannot be used as a component of zootechnical feed, as
established by European Community Regulation 1069/09.
Even before the BSE emergency, there have been cases (the most famous one being
Belgium), and there may still be, in which waste consisting of spent oil and fat of foodstuff
origin is contaminated by spent mineral or synthetic oil and grease used as lubricants or
insulation (this is due to the collection and storage methods, suffice it to think that in what
is known as an “ecological station” equipped with ad hoc containers, uninformed users
may, and have, also pour in mineral oil). In this case, the health risk is even more serious
due to the possible presence of PCB (polychlorodiphenyls, which are highly dangerous
substances).
The hazards described above are augmented by the circumstance that the physical state
of the waste (liquid – oily – emulsion) facilitates fraudulent, illegal or nevertheless improper
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
2
C.O.N.O.E.
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
“disposal” methods: the producer or holder of the waste simply has to pour it into the
sewage systems or mix it with other non-harmful substances (for example, inert sludge),
and all traceability of such waste is lost.
The annual quantity of WCO generated in Italy is calculated to be equal to 280,000
tons/year.
In 2010, the Consortium collected 44,000, which means that 236,000 tons were dispersed.
The high dispersal percentage depends on the fact that, although Italian regulations
require the determination by the pertinent ministries of an environmental fee charged to
the producers of new oil and fat for foodstuff use, in compliance with the European
Community’s “polluter pays” principle (art. 191 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the
European Union) and with the responsibility of the producer (of the product and of the
waste) ex Directive, as of today such decree has yet to be enacted (or more precisely, it
was enacted in 2003 but then voided due to syntactic error); therefore, at present the
Consortium is forced to operate only where allowed by market conditions, and cannot offer
incentives for the collection (specifically, the “micro collection”, in other words the
collection of small quantities in production locations distant one from the other due to
transportation costs, and the collection from domestic users cannot be carried out if not for
marginal quantities).
The following quantities of WCO were collected and recycled in the past:
Year
Tons
2001
5,000
2002
15,000
2003
21,000
2004
25,000
2005
31,000
2006
36,000
2007
39,000
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
3
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
C.O.N.O.E.
2008
2009
2010
42,000
43,000
44,000
TOTAL
301,000
Moreover, the economic damage arising from failure to reuse the WCO should be
evaluated. In 2010, the average price of the WCO take to recycling companies was
estimated to be equal to € 650.00/ton which, multiplied by the dispersed tonnage equals:
236,000 tons x € 650.00 = € 153,400,000.00.
5.2 – Analysis of the state-of-the-art of WCO collection systems in Italy and
identification of best practices
As for the other types of waste, such as, for examples packing materials (plastic, paper,
cans, etc.), spent mineral oil, polyethylene waste, etc., the Italian Government has chosen
the route of Mandatory Consortia, which are non-profit private organizations whose purpose is to control, monitor and support the chain through studies aimed at improving the
various phases of such chain. These Consortia have to ensure free competition in the pertinent sectors.
The C.O.N.O.E. Consortium was set up by art. 47 of Italian Legislative Decree no. 22 of 5
February 1997.
The C.O.N.O.E. was set up on 1st October 1998, implementing the statute published with
inter-ministerial decree on 15th July 1998, subsequently amended by Italian Ministerial Decree of 5th April 2004, still in force to this day.
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
4
C.O.N.O.E.
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
The regulation was amended over the years, and currently the Environmental Code is Italian Legislative Decree 152/06, partially amended by Legislative Decree 205/2010.
At present, the C.O.N.O.E. Consortium is governed by art. 233 of the aforesaid Legislative
Decree 152/06, specifically, according to the mentioned legal provision:
The Consortium carries out the following tasks for the entire Italian territory:
a) ensuring the collection, transport, storage, treatment and recovery of spent animal and
vegetal oil and fat;
b) ensuring, in compliance with provisions in force on the subject of pollution, the disposal
of collected spent animal and vegetal oil and fat for which regeneration is not
possible or cost-effective;
c) encouraging the performance of market surveys and sector-specific studies for the
purpose of improving, economically and technically, the collection, transport,
storage, treatment and recovery cycle of spent animal and vegetal oil and fat.
Based on the regulations in force, the Consortium has organized the chain as follows:
waste producers enrol in the Consortium, including through national trade associations,
and are required to take the waste to collection companies, also enrolled in the Consortium, which in turn take the waste to collection/recycling companies, which are also Consortium members.
This way, the Consortium can oversee the waste flow and prepare statistics of the annual
trend in terms of quantity and value and, lastly, monitor the market.
The regulation requires waste producers and waste collection and treatment companies to
enrol in the Consortium, as well as waste producers to take the waste to the Consortium or
to its authorized companies.
Article 256 of Italian Legislative Decree 152/06 sets administrative fines for companies that
fail to comply with the obligation to enrol in the Consortium and for companies that do not
take their waste to the Consortium or to its authorized companies (without prejudice to the
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
5
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
C.O.N.O.E.
option of taking the waste to companies operating in Member States).
Diagram for the proper collection and regeneration of waste from the chain consisting of
WCO producers, collectors and recyclers as follows:
Waste producers
Collect the waste in suitable containers, including recycled containers as long as they are
air-tight and can be closed
Take the waste to authorized collection companies directly or through ecological
waste centres
Take the waste to regeneration/recovery companies
Production of raw materials for industrial uses,
as per authorization granted by the Region
Over 50% is used for Biodiesel
With regards to the last item, one can see how proper waste management results in an
SRM (Secondary Raw Material) with “high environmental profile” (biodiesel). In fact, “the
circle is closed” with a veritable virtuosity: from waste (harmful for the environment and
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
6
C.O.N.O.E.
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
man’s health) we obtain an ecological fuel since it comes from a renewable source and
produces a lower quantity of polluting emissions during its combustion (resulting in a
moderate, yet significant due to the “virtuosity” contribution for Kyoto) #
Depending on the local situation, the collection companies use different collection
techniques.
a) the producers of the waste store it in 25/50-kg containers; the hauler periodically
collects these containers and leave empty and clean ones, after which the hauler
delivers to the collector which, subject to analysis, transfers the waste in a cistern
ready to be delivered to the recycling companies;
b) other collectors, which have equipped their trucks with cistern and relevant pump,
periodically stop by the producers and/or the ecological waste centres and aspirate
the waste, leaving the same container onsite.
This method represents a substantial improvement as it speeds up and optimizes
the collection operations;
c) for the collection from domestic users, door-to-door collection, or a variant, is also used,
which consists in the motor vehicle making scheduled runs at the condominium or
at the storage points authorized by the Municipality (ecological waste centres).
With regards to the treatment, the company has to present the relevant project to the
pertinent Region through the province so that it is authorized in the granting of services.
After obtaining proper authorization, the company can process the oil and obtain the
relevant sub-product (biodiesel, vegetal lubricants, construction detaching products,
greases for industrial uses, etc.).
Biodiesel takes up approximately 50% of the total.
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
7
C.O.N.O.E.
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
European normative framework
The reference European Legislation is Directive 98/2008/EC, which dictates guidelines for
waste management; implemented by Italy with Legislative Decree 205/2010 which
amended the Environmental Code or Legislative Decree 152/06.
Moreover, European Directive 2009/30/EC introduces a control mechanism aimed at
reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases and at stimulating the production of bio-fuel.
In order to comply with certain environmental requirements, national systems must be
adopted which ensure that bio-fuels satisfy specific sustainability criteria. The deadline for
complying with the aforementioned directive was December 2010.
Italian Legislative Decree no. 55 of 31 January 2011, amending the previous Legislative
Decree no. 66 of 21 March 2005, established that "Bio-fuels produced from waste
(consequently from spent vegetal oil too), sub-products, and so on, have to satisfy certain
sustainability criteria as per article 7-ter of Legislative Decree 66/05. For their verification,
"All operators belonging to the production chain must adhere to the national bio-fuel
sustainability certification system " (art. 7-quater of Legislative Decree 66/05).
The terms for implementation through publication of the Inter-ministerial decree to
establish the operating modes of the national bio-fuel sustainability certification system, as
well as the relevant procedures, have expired fruitlessly.
Due to the above, the European Commission has sent a letter of default action mora ex
article 258 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union.
The issuing of implementing provisions would allow the forfeiture of the infringement
procedure and, at the same time, would facilitate the conversion of spent vegetal oil fat
and oil waste into bio-fuels, by taking them to national regeneration plants instead of rerouting them to other Member States that have completely implemented the European
Directive.
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
8
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
C.O.N.O.E.
The global production of spent oil and fat is approximately 15/18,000,000 tons/year.
2010 statistics by region:
REGION
NO. OF COLLEC-
TION COMPANIES
Abruzzo
0
Basilicata
0
Calabria
5
Campania
2
Emilia Romagna
9
Friuli Venezia Giulia
2
Lazio
2
Liguria
2
Lombardy
18
Marche
2
Molise
1
Piedmont
5
Puglia
7
Sardinia
2
Sicily
2
Tuscany
8
Trentino A. A.
1
Umbria
0
Veneto
5
TOTAL
QUANTITY IN
TONS
0.00
0.00
806.22
2,772.25
12,672.44
185.25
2,000.43
1,276.99
7,872.01
1,810.70
94.62
1,899.62
1,945.09
841.01
2382.9
3,517.04
176.90
0.00
2,992.27
43,245.73
N.B.
The Abruzzo, Basilicata and Umbria regions are covered by the collection carried out by
companies from adjoining regions which we are unable to quantify; the waste is
nevertheless collected and “recorded” by such companies operating in the adjoining
regions.
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
9
C.O.N.O.E.
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
The aforementioned data refer to professional collection as the domestic collection,
although sporadically carried out by initiative of the single Municipalities, may be planned
in a systematic future and in the future with the amendment to the legislation and the
granting of the environmental contribution envisaged by Italian Legislative Decree 152/06,
article 233, paragraph 10, letter d) as subsequently amended and supplemented.
Moreover, in order to test waste collection from domestic users, a certain numbers of
Municipalities must be hypothesized in order to verify the actual performance.
The major problems will come from the citizens likely not being inclined to confer (by
transporting it) a particularly “inconvenient” waste; for this reason, it will be necessary to
carry out awareness campaigns in the pre-selected Municipalities. The first problem will be
obtaining proper authorization by the Municipality, to which incentives must be provided in
order to achieve the objective.
5.3 – Identification of critical characteristics in the actual WCO management
system
The limits of the collection that were already mentioned in item 5.2 derive especially from
the failed and capillary differentiated collection from domestic users, in other words the
differentiated collection by the municipalities.
In fact, even the more efficient ones are unlikely to have set up the ecological waste centre
with a drum to contain edible oil and fat used by the citizens. The reason for this may be
that the quantity of waste, especially for small and average-size towns, is nevertheless
limited and consequently they encourage the collection of waste with larger mass that
make it possible to more easily achieve the set targets.
Consequently, it would be necessary to stimulate said collection by providing economic
incentives as well. The current situation also has an impact on the recovery as the
available quantities, not optimal yet, have allowed an extra-EC import current to be
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
10
C.O.N.O.E.
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
developed, which the Italian waste is mostly dispersed and uncollected.
This situation entails an economic and environmental damage while a greater collection
would reduce pollution, by converting a waste into a renewable resource.
The delay in the collection is mainly due to the fact that the Consortium has yet to obtain
the environmental contribution owed by law and that all mandatory consortia have
available.
This leads to insufficient financial funds that do not allow a forceful action to be
implemented on the market.
With regards to the applied collection systems, they have evolved and consequently the
applied system is deemed suitable to the purpose.
It is estimated that in the three years following the issuing of the Decree, the Consortium
will be able to achieve the objective of 100,000 tons/year, with an increase of over 130%.
Critical issues:
a) underestimated environmental impact;
b) poor differentiated collection. At present, it is estimated that the current collection is 5%
compared to the quantity from domestic users of 150/160,000 tons/year;
c) rough knowledge of problems associated tied to improper waste disposal and to the
damages that it causes to the environment.
Strengths:
At full operation, the Consortium system will guarantee development actions on the entire
national territory and the collection of minimal quantities or in difficult locations, thus
reabsorbing what is produced by the domestic and commercial users and which is now
being dispersed into the environment. At the same time, the systematic check of the chain
will avoid elusion and evasion phenomenon, which today are unfortunately quite frequent.
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
11
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
C.O.N.O.E.
Progress indicators:
1. Production from restaurant activities;
Estimated annual quantity of 70,000 tons.
70,000 tons: population of 58,000,000 = 1.20 per citizen (per person).
No. of inhabitants of the Province or Region times 1.20 kg = Total theoretical
quantity per year from restaurants = 100.
Thus, the index from 0 to 100 will determine the performance and the
progress made by the same Region in collecting the WCO.
2. Production from domestic activities;
Estimated annual quantity of 150,000 tons.
150,000 tons : population of 58,000,000 = 2.6 kg per citizen (per person).
No. of inhabitants in the reference Municipality times 2.6 kg= Total theoretical
quantity per year = 100.
Thus, the index from 0 to 100 will determine the performance and the
progress made by the Municipality in collecting the WCO.
Oil and fat market data
Quantity of oil put into the national market annual for consumption tons/year.
Total estimated quantity 1,400,000 tons, of which:
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
12
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
C.O.N.O.E.
Seed oil 800,000 tons
Olive oil 600,000 tons
Industrial/commercial/restaurant use (estimated) 500/550,000/tons
Private use (families) 850/900,000/tons
Quantity of waste from oil (expressed in tons)
C.O.N.O.E. statistics
From industrial/commercial activities
approximately 45,000
From family consumptions
approximately 170,000
From restaurants
approximately 65,000
Market total
approximately 280,000
Quantity of fat (expressed in tons)
National production
380,000
Export
45,000
Industrial activity Italy
300,000
Foodstuff Italy
90,000
Quantity of waste from fat – C.O.N.O.E. estimates
Average quantity in waste 5% equal to approximately 4,500 tons deriving from foodstuff
use
Quantity of collected spent oil – C.O.N.O.E. data
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
13
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
C.O.N.O.E.
Year 2011 46,000 tons out of 65,000 tons (restaurants approximately 71%)
Dispersed quantities
Total market quantity
Quantity recovered in 2011
Quantity dispersed
280,000 tons (evaluation by Italian Ministry of Health)
46,000 tons
234,000 tons
Cost for anti-pollution purifying activities :
Screening:
- (recovery of large-sized fatty part) in waste dumps
€/ton 100.00
- neutralization
€/ton 150.00
Total cost 234,000 tons x € 250.00 = € 58,000,000.00
Oil separator:
(recovery of fatty part in small particles)
- emulsions treatment
€/ton 90.00
Total cost 234,000 tons x € 90.00 = € 21,060,000.00
The aforementioned cost would be for the entire national territory if equipped with operating purifying plants.
Treatment with enzymes:
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
14
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
C.O.N.O.E.
It is estimated that for a purifying plant serving a municipality with population of about
30,000 the treatment would require the use of 100 kg of enzymes which, at a cost of €
36,150.00/ton results in a cost of
€ 36,150.00 x 100 kg = € 3,615.000.00
If the national fleet of purifying plants would cover the entire national territory, the cost of
the enzymes would be much higher and, consequently, the highest possible quantity of
waste must be intercepted in order to avoid either the purifying costs or environmental pollution.
Uses of spent oil and fat in percentage points (estimated values)
Industrial use
30%
Biodiesel
60%
Other
10%
Average oil value at the producer’s
€ 100.00/ton
Average collection cost
€ 500/550.00/ton
Cost for collection from families
€ 250.00/ton
Average value of spent oil at the collector’s:
€ 500/550.00/ton
Average value of spent oil taken to the
recover/recycler’s
€. 650/700.00/ton
considering the transport, analyses and loading and unloading operations at the collection
points and the different methods used.
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
15
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
C.O.N.O.E.
The quantities of collected and recycled waste were:
Year
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
TOTAL
Tons
5,000
15,000
21,000
25,000
31,000
36,000
39,000
42,000
43,000
44,000
46,000
347,000
Moreover, the economic damage resulting from failure to reuse the waste must be taken
into account. In 2010 the average cost for taking the waste to recycling companies is
estimated, in a precautionary way, to be € 650.00/ton which, multiplied by the dispersed
tonnage would give:
236,000 tons x € 650.00 = € 153,400,000.00.
In 2011, the dispersed tonnage is:
Tons 234,000 x € 650.00 = € 152,100,000.00
Market value of production at reuse
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
16
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
C.O.N.O.E.
YEAR
COLLECTED AND
AVERAGE VALUE
TOTAL
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
REUSED
Tons 42,000
Tons 43,000
Tons 46,000
Tons 50,000
Tons 60,000
Tons 75,000
Tons 100,000
€ 600.00/ton
€ 650.00/ton
€ 650.00/ton
€ 700.00/ton
€ 750.00/ton
€ 750.00/ton
€ 750.00/ton
€ 25,200,000.00
€ 27,950,000.00
€ 29,900,000.00
€ 35,000,000.00
€ 45,000,000.00
€ 56,250,000.00
€ 75,000,000.00
Prices vary based on the market, the offer and the demand, for this reason we expect that
for the period 2012 – 2015 the increase will be limited. Nevertheless, prices are freely set
by the companies according to a commercial logic, and consequently they are a mere ap proximation.
Environmental impact of bio-diesel compared to diesel oil
From an environmental standpoint, the bio-diesel features substantial differences
compared to diesel oil:
 It reduces net carbon oxide (CO) emissions by about 50% and of carbon dioxide by
about 78.45% since the carbon emitted during its combustion is the one already
present in the atmosphere and which the plant, from which the seeds and
consequently the oil are obtained, used during its growth.
While for the diesel oil, the carbon is the one trapped in the bowels of the Earth in ancient
times, and thus when it is burned it emits into the atmosphere all the carbon contained in
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
17
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
C.O.N.O.E.
it.
Of course, these percentages must be increased by the carbon emitted for the cultivations
and for fringe activities, which are nevertheless found in diesel oil too.
 Bio-diesel contains no aromatic hydrocarbons, and the emissions of benzopyrenes
are reduced by up to 71%;
 Bio-diesel has no sulphur dioxide (SO ) emissions since it is vegetal and contains
2
no sulphur;
 The emission of particulate matter is reduced by up to 65%.
Ultimately, though, the available quantities are not enough to cover the demand for biodiesel production. Consequently, it is convenient and a top priority to increase waste collection as each additional ton is certainly an environmental and economic advantage due
to the lower cost of the waste and the lower total emissions of bio-diesel.
The addition of bio-diesel to diesel oil up to 20% does not entail risks for the engine; on the
contrary, experiments are underway to see if it can be used pure as the greater solvent
power of the bio-diesel helps to keep the engine clean, dissolving any possible residue.
Lastly, it works as an additive for improved engine operation.
5 - ACTIONS
5.1.1 – Verification of data and state-of-the-art of WCO – Filling in of the first LIFE report;
5.1.2 – Definition of times and places of the test in the field in order to verify forecast data
for the implementation of collection and incentive programme and Communication
Planned period May/June 2012;
5.1.3 – Initial verification of the performance with the progress indicator and drafting of the
second Report, September/October 2012.
Collection arrival point of 20% by December 2012;
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
18
Sede operativa: 20121 Milano (MI)
Corso Venezia, 47/49
Tel. 02/7750342 – Fax 02/76012257
e-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
www.conoe.it
C.O.N.O.E.
35% by December 2013;
60% by December 2014;
of the target calculated as per progress indicator to be extended at the national
level.
Final report December 2014.
***
Consorzio Obbligatorio Nazionale di raccolta e trattamento
oli e grassi vegetali e animali esausti
(Istituito ai sensi dell’art. 47 del D.Lvo 22/97)
P.I. 05602831009
REA Milano 1570383 – Roma 903631
Sede Legale Roma – Viale B. Buozzi, 72
19
Studio Legale - Avv. Andrea Calisse
Avv. Andrea Calisse
Avv. Isabella Molè
Avv. Francesca Volpe
_______________
Borgo Giacomo Tommasini n. 20 – 43121 - Parma
Tel. 0521 282841 – Fax. 0521 200727
E. Mail [email protected]
c.f. CLSNDR61E08H501Z p.i. 02211110347
Collegato con lo Studio dell’Avv. Tommaso Marvasi
Viale Angelico n. 12 – 00195 – Roma
Consulenti:
Prof. Avv. Vincenzo Franceschelli
Ordinario di diritto privato nell’Università di Milano
Prof. Franco S. Toni di Cigoli
Docente di diritto degli scambi internazionali nell’Università di Padova
Prof. Avv. Tommaso Marvasi
Docente di diritto fallimentare nella Libera Università S. Pio V di Roma
A mezzo mail
Spett.le
C.O.N.O.E.
Corso Venezia n. 47/49
20121
MILANO
Oggetto: C.V. per consulenza in presentazione progetto LIFE RECOIL
1. Laureato in giurisprudenza nell’Università degli studi di Parma nel luglio 1987 con voto
110/110
2. Abilitato all’esercizio della professione forense nella sessione 1989/90 ed iscritto all'ordine
degli avvocati di Parma dall’ottobre 1990
3. Cassazionista dal novembre 2002
4. Si occupa di diritto e legislazione sul rifiuti nazionale ed Europa dal 1999
5. È consulente di consorzi obbligatori di gestione rifiuti, associazioni di categoria e primarie
imprese operanti nel settore della gestione dei rifiuti
Parma, 13 febbraio 2012
Avv. Andrea Calisse
Diritto ambientale, diritto agro-alimentare, diritto degli scambi internazionali, diritto commerciale, diritto industriale.
In network tra professionisti
Parma – Roma – Padova – Pisa – Milano