Hurst romane:Layout 1 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XIII AUTORI Jamil A. Aboulhosn, MD Tanvir K. Bajwa, MD, FACC, FSCAI Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine Ahmanson/UCLA Adult Congenital Heart Disease Center Los Angeles, California Capitolo 83 Director, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Program Director, Interventional Cardiology Fellowship Clinical Professor of Internal Medicine Cardiovascular Disease Section University of Wisconsin Medical School Milwaukee Clinical Campus Aurora Sinai Medical Center Milwaukee Heart Institute Milwaukee, Wisconsin Capitolo 110 William T. Abraham, MD Professor of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Director, Divison of Cardiovascular Medicine Columbus, Ohio Capitolo 26 Anton E. Becker, MD, PhD Professor Department of Pathology University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, The Netherlands Capitolo 34 Masood Akhtar, MD Clinical Professor of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Milwaukee, Wisconsin Capitolo 42 Emelia J. Benjamin, MD, ScM R. Wayne Alexander, MD, PhD Professor of Medicine Framingham Heart Study Boston Medical Center Boston Massachusetts Capitolo 2 Chair, Department of Medicine R. Bruce Logue Professor of Medicine Emory University Hospital Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 7 Suzanne Benson, Bsc (Hons) Charles Antzelevitch, PhD, FACC, FAHA Clinical Nutritionist/Dietician Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Adelaide and Meath Hospital Dublin, Ireland Capitolo 67 Professor of Pharmacology SUNY Health Science Center at Syracuse Executive Director/Director of Research, Gordon K. Moe Scholar Masonic Medical Research Laboratory Utica, New York Capitolo 35 Daniel S. Berman, MD Professor of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles Director, Cardiac Imaging Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, California Capitolo 19 Juan Jose Badimon, PhD, FACC, FAHA Professor of Medicine Director Cardiovascular Biology Research Laboratory Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York, New York Capitolo 53 Gerald J. Berry, MD Professor of Pathology Stanford University Director of Cardiac Pathology Stanford University Hospital Stanford, California Capitolo 27 Lina Badimon, PhD, FESC, FAHA Professor Director, Cardiovascular Research Center Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau Barcelona, Spain Capitolo 53 Daniel G. Blanchard, MD Professor of Medicine University of California at San Diego School of Medicine Chief of Clinical Cardiology, UCSD Thornton Hospital University of California at San Diego Medical Center San Diego, California Capitolo 16 XIII Hurst romane:Layout 1 XIV 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XIV Autori Wendy M. Book, MD Matthew J. Budoff, MD, FACC, FAHA Assistant Professor of Medicine Emory University Director, Emory Adult Congenital Cardiac Program Emory Clinic—Emory Hospital Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 93 Associate Professor of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine Program Director Division of Cardiology Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute Torrance, California Capitolo 20 Prof. Dr. med Martin Borggrefe, PhD Direktor, I. Med. Klinik Universitätsklinikum Mannheim Mannheim, Germany Capitolo 46 Kenneth L. Brigham, MD Professor of Medicine Emory University Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 73 Allen P. Burke, MD Professor of Pathology Georgetown University School of Medicine Deputy Director CV Path, International Registry of Pathology Gaithersburg, Maryland Capitolo 57 Hugh Calkins, MD, FACC, FAHA S. Gilbert Blount Professor of Medicine Co-Director of University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, Colorado Capitolo 29 Professor of Medicine Professor of Pediatrics Director of the Arrhythmia Service and Clinical Electrophysiology Laboratory Director of the ARVD Program Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Capitolo 38 Craig S. Broberg, MD, FACC Louis R. Caplan, MD Assistant Professor Department of Cardiology and Heart Disease Oregon Health & Sciences University Portland, Oregon Capitolo 96 Professor of Neurology Harvard Medical School Senior Neurologist Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Capitolo 106 Michael R. Bristow, MD, PhD Bruce R. Brodie, MD Clinical Professor of Medicine University of North Carolina Interventional Cardiologist LeBauer HeartCare LeBauer Cardiovascular Research Foundation Moses Cone Heart & Vascular Center Chapel Hill, North Carolina Capitolo 63 Robert D. Brook, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan Capitolo 104 Ramon Brugada, MD, FACC Associate Professor of Medicine University of Montreal Director, Clinical Cardiovascular Genetics Center Montreal Heart Institute Montreal, Quebec, Canada Capitolo 81 Jonathan R. Carapetis, MBBS, Bmed, Cs, FRACP, FAFPMM, PhD Professor The University of Melbourne Counsultant in Pediatric Infectious Diseases Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne School of Health Research Charles Darwin University Casuarina, Darwin, Australia Capitolo 74 Mark D. Carlson, MD, MA Chief Medical Officer Cardiac Rhythm Management Division St. Jude Medical Sylmar, California Capitolo 48 Agustin Castellanos, MD, FACC, FAHA Professor of Medicine University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Director, Clinical Electrophysiology University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Medical Center Miami, Florida Capitolo 13 Hurst romane:Layout 1 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XV Autori Pamela Charney, MD, FACP Rebecca Costello, MD Clinical Professor of Medicine Clinical Associate Professor of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health Albert Einstein College of Medicine Program Director, Internal Medicine Residency Norwalk Hospital Norwalk, Connecticut Capitolo 102 Deputy Director Office of Dietary Supplements National Institutes of Health Bethesda, Maryland Capitolo 114 Jonathan M. Chen, MD Assistant Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery Weill Medical College of Cornell University Director, Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Cornell Campus, New York New York Presbyterian Hospital New York, New York Capitolo 27 Massimo Chiariello, MD Professor of Cardiology Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular Sciences Chief of Cardiology Federico II University Naples, Italy Capitolo 61 John S. Child, MD, FACC Streisand Professor of Medicine & Cardiology David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Director, Ahmanson/UCLA Adult Congenital Heart Disease Center UCLA Medical Center Los Angeles, California Capitolo 83 Michael B. Clark, MD Chief Medical Director Swiss Re Life and Health Armonk, New York Capitolo 112 Stephen D. Clements Jr., MD Director, Outpatient Catheterization Laboratory Department of Cardiology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 66 Lynn Clemow, PhD Assistant Clinical Professor Department of Medicine Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York, New York Capitolo 113 Jean-Christophe Cornilly, MD Associate Professor Imaging Science Laboratories Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York, New York Capitolo 22 Martin R. Cowie, MD, MSc, FRCP Professor of Cardiology National Heart & Lung Institute Imperial College Honorary Consultant Cardiologist Royal Brompton Hospital London, United Kingdom Capitolo 25 Monica Kelly Cowles, MD, MS Psychiatric Research Fellow Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University Hospital Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 95 Harry Crijns, MD, PhD Professor and Chairman Department of Cardiology University Hospital Maastricht The Netherlands Capitolo 43 Peter F. Currie, MD, FRCPE Consultant Cardiologist Perth Royal Infirmary Perth, Scotland, United Kingdom Capitolo 92 Ralph B. D’Agostino, Sr., PhD, FAHA Professor of Mathematical Statistics and Public Health Boston University Boston, Massachusetts Capitolo 2 Owais Dar, MBChB, MRCP Clinical Research Fellow Cardiology Imperial College London National Heart and Lung Institute London, United Kingdom Capitolo 25 Karina W. Davidson, PhD Associate Professor of Medicine & Psychiatry Department of Medicine Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons Zena and Michael Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York, New York Capitolo 113 XV Hurst romane:Layout 1 XVI 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XVI Autori James A. de Lemos, MD Thomas F. Dodson, MD J. Fred Schoellkopf Chair in Cardiology Research University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Director, Coronary Care Unit Parkland Memorial Hospital Dallas, Texas Capitolo 59 Professor of Surgery Emory University School of Medicine Associate Chairman Department of Surgery Division of Vascular Surgery Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 109 Arjun Deb, MD Fellow, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina Capitolo 10 Santo Dellegrottaglie, MD, PhD Post-Doctoral Clinical Fellow Institute of Cardiology Federico II University of Naples Naples, Italy Instructor of Medicine (Adjunct) Cardiovascular CT/MRI Clinical Program The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health The Mount Sinai Medical Center New York, New York Capitolo 61 Louis J. Dell’Italia, MD Professor of Medicine Center for Heart Failure Research University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine Birmingham VA Medical Center Birmingham, Alabama Capitolo 76 Anthony N. DeMaria, MD, MACC, FAHA Professor of Medicine Director, The Sulpizie Family Cardiovascular Center University of California at San Diego San Diego, California Capitolo 16 Christophe Depre, MD, PhD Associate Professor Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey New Jersey Medical School Newark, New Jersey Capitolo 54 Roberto De Vogli, PhD, MPH Lecturer International Institute for Society and Health Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University College London London, England Capitolo 115 John S. Douglas, Jr, MD, FACC Professor of Medicine (Cardiology) Director, Interventional Cardiology Director, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Emory University School of Medicine Emory University Hospital Atlanta, Georgia Capitoli 62, 64 Prof. Dr. med. Helmut Drexler, MD Professor of Medicine Department of Cardiology and Angiology Medical School Hannover Hannover, Germany Capitolo 10 Victor Dzau, MD James B. Duke Professor of Medicine Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina Capitolo 10 Kim A. Eagle, MD Albion Walter Hewlett Professor of Internal Medicine University of Michigan Clinical Director of the Cardiovascular Center University of Michigan Health System Ann Arbor, Michigan Capitolo 86 William D. Edwards, MD Professor of Pathology Mayo College of Medicine Staff Consultant, Anatomic Pathology Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Capitolo 3 John A. Elefteriades, MD Professor of Surgery Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Yale University School of Medicine Chief, Cardiothoracic Surgery Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut Capitolo 105 Kenneth A. Ellenbogen, MD Kontos Professor of Cardiology VCU School of Medicine Vice-Chairman of Cardiology Medical College of Virginia Richmond, Virginia Capitolo 40 Hurst romane:Layout 1 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XVII Autori Gregory Engel, MD Zahi A. Fayad, PhD Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Staff Cardiologist Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System Palo Alto, California Capitolo 14 Associate Professor of Radiology and Medicine Director, Imaging Science Laboratories Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York, New York Capitolo 22 N.A. Mark Estes III, MD Peter F. Fedullo, MD Professor of Medicine Director Tufts New England Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Capitolo 100 Professor of Medicine Director, Medical Intensive Care Unit Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine University of California at San Diego Medical Center San Diego, California Capitolo 72 Michael S. Ewer, MD, JD, MPH, LLM Gerald F. Fletcher, MD Professor of Medicine The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Capitolo 89 Professor of Medicine, Cardiovascular Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Preventive Cardiologist Mayo Clinic Jacksonville Jacksonville, Florida Capitolo 99 Gordon A. Ewy, MD, FACC, FAHA Professor of Medicine (Cardiology) University of Arizona College of Medicine Chief, Section of Cardiology Director, Sarver Heart Center Arizona Health Sciences Center Tucson, Arizona Capitolo 50 Erling Falk, MD, PhD Professor University of Aarhus Department of Cardiology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus, Denmark Capitolo 52 Noeleen Fallon, BSc Clinical Nurse Manager Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation Adelaide and Meath Hospital Dublin, Ireland Capitolo 67 Michael E. Farkouh, MD, MSc Clinical Coordinating Center Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York, New York Capitolo 90 Michael D. Faulx, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine Staff Case Western Reserve University The Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 94 Thomas R. Flipse, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Jacksonville, Florida Capitolo 99 Richard I. Fogel, MD Clinical Electrophysiologist The Heart Center of Indiana Indianapolis, Indiana Capitolo 36 Gary S. Francis, MD Professor of Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine Case Western Reserve University Staff, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio Capitoli 24, 94 William T. Friedewald, MD Clinical Professor Columbia University New York, New York Capitolo 112 Victor F. Froelicher, MD Professor of Medicine Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Stanford University Director of ECG/Exercise Laboratory Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Medical Center Palo Alto, California Capitolo 14 XVII Hurst romane:Layout 1 XVIII 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XVIII Autori David R. Fulton, MD John Gormley, BSc (Hons), DPhil Associate Professor of Pediatrics Harvard Medical School Chief, Cardiology Outpatient Services Children’s Hospital Boston Boston, Massachusetts Capitolo 82 Lecturer Department of Physiotherapy School of Medicine Trinity College of Dublin Dublin, Ireland Capitolo 67 Valentin Fuster, MD, PhD, FACC, FAHA Ian Graham, FRCPI, FESC Richard Gorlin, MD / Heart Research Foundation Professor of Cardiology Director, Mount Sinai Heart Director, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health The Mount Sinai Medical Center New York, New York Capitoli 22, 52, 53, 56, 90 Consultant Cardiologist Adelaide & Meath Hospital Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine Trinity College Professor of Preventive Cardiology Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Tallaght, Dublin Ireland Capitolo 67 Guido Germano, PhD Joey P. Granger, Ph.D Professor of Medicine UCLA School of Medicine Director, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Program Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, California Capitolo 19 Billy S. Guyton Distinguished Professor Professor of Physiology and Medicine Department of Physiology & Biophysics Department of Medicine Interim Dean School of Graduate Studies in the Health Sciences Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi Capitolo 69 Bernard J. Gersh, MBChB, DPhil, FRCP, PhD (Hon Causa) Professor of Medicine Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Capitoli 60, 61 Antony H. Gershlick, BSc, MBBS Consultant Cardiologist Hon Senior Lecturer Department of Cardiology University Hospitals of Leicester Leicester, United Kingdom Capitolo 61 Gary Gerstenblith, MD Professor of Medicine Department of Medicine The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, Maryland Capitolo 101 Edward M. Gilbert, MD Professor Department of Cardiology University of Utah Health Sciences Center Salt Lake City, Utah Capitolo 29 Robert C. Gilkeson, MD Section Chief, Cardiothoracic Imaging Department of Radiology University Hospitals of Cleveland Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 15 Kathy K. Griendling, PhD Professor of Medicine Vice Chair for Faculty Development Emory University Division of Cardiology, Emory University Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 7 Garrett J. Gross, PhD Professor Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Wisconsin Capitolo 54 Blair P. Grubb, MD Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics The Medical University of Ohio Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology Service University Medical Center Toledo, Ohio Capitolo 48 Scott M. Grundy, MD, PhD Director, Center for Human Nutrition Professor of Internal Medicine Departments of Clinical Nutrition and Internal Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Dallas, Texas Capitoli 51, 91 Hurst romane:Layout 1 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XIX Autori Gary L. Grunkemeier, PhD David G. Harrison, MD Director Medical Data Research Center Portland, Oregon Capitolo 79 Director, Division of Cardiology Bernard Marcus Professor of Medicine Emory University Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 7 Sanjaya Gupta, MD Chief Resident Department of Medicine Case Western Reserve University University Hospitals of Cleveland Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 31 Anjan Gupta, MD, FACC, FSCAI Associate Director, Cardiology Fellowship Program University of Wisconsin Medical School Milwaukee Milwaukee, Wisconsin Capitolo 110 Rory Hachamovitch, MD, MSc, FACC Voluntary Faculty Los Angeles County USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Capitolo 19 Saptarsi M. Haldar, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Case Cardiovascular Research Institute Case University Medical School and University Hospitals of Cleveland Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 85 Michael E. Hall, MD Ayesha Hasan, MD Assistant Clinical Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine Director, Heart Failure Devices Program Division of Cardiovascular Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio Capitolo 26 Sean W. Hayes, MD Assistant Director, Nuclear Cardiology Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, California Capitolo 19 Siew Yen Ho, PhD, FRCPath, FESC Reader in Cardiac Morphology National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College Honorary Consultant Royal Brompton Hospital London, England Capitolo 34 Brian D. Hoit, MD Professor of Medicine and Phsyiology and Biophysics Case Western Reserve University Director, Echocardiography Laboratory University Hospitals of Cleveland Cleveland, Ohio Capitoli 4, 31, 84 Internal Medicine Resident Department of Physiology & Biophysics Department of Medicine Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi Capitolo 69 Research Fellow Cardiovascular Biology Research Laboratory Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York, New York Capitolo 53 John E. Hall, PhD Shirley Ingram, RGN, MSc, NFESC Arthur C. Guyton Professor and Chair Department of Physiology and Biophysiology Associate Vice Chancellor for Research University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi Capitolo 69 Cardiology Nurse Specialist Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation Adelaide and Meath Hospital Dublin, Ireland Capitolo 67 Jonathan L. Halperin, MD Robert and Harriet Heilbrunn Professor of Medicine (Cardiology) Mount Sinai School of Medicine Director, Clinical Cardiology Services The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health The Mount Sinai Medical Center New York, New York Capitolo 105 Borja Ibanez, MD Alberto Interian Jr., MD Professor of Medicine Director, Electrophysiology Miller School of Medicine Jackson Memorial Hospital Director, Arrhythmia Syncope Center Mercy Hospital Miami, Florida Capitolo 13 XIX Hurst romane:Layout 1 XX 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XX Autori Daniel W. Jones, MD Bradley B. Keller, MD Vice Chancellor for Health Affairs Dean, School of Medicine Langford Professor of Medicine Professor, Department of Physiology & Biophysics Department of Medicine Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi Capitolo 69 Professor of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Director, Pediatric Biomedical Innovative Technology Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Capitolo 8 Mark E. Josephson, MD, FACC Chief, Cardiovascular Division Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School Director, Harvard-Thorndike Electrophysiology Institute and Arrhythmia Service Boston, Massachusetts Capitolo 49 Ronald J. Kanter, MD Associate Professor of Pediatrics Duke University School of Medicine Director of Pediatric Electrophysiology Durham, North Carolina Capitolo 47 Samir R. Kapadia, MD Associate Professor, Department of Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University Staff Physician The Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 107 Joel A. Kaplan, MD Dean Emeritus, School of Medicine Former Chancellor, Health Sciences Center Professor of Clinical Anesthesiology University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky Professor of Clinical Anesthesiology University of California San Diego School of Medicine San Diego, California Capitolo 87 Neeru Kaushik, MD Senior Fellow in Pediatric Cardiology Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Capitolo 8 Richard E. Kerber, MD Professor of Medicine University of Iowa College of Medicine Staff Physician University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa City, Iowa Capitolo 45 Morton J. Kern, MD Professor of Medicine Associate Chief Cardiology University of California, Irvine Irvine, California Capitolo 17 Han W. Kim, MD Associate in Medicine Attending Physician Duke Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Center Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina Capitolo 21 Michael C. Kim, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Mount Sinai School of Medicine Director, Coronary Care Unit The Mount Sinai Medical Center New York, New York Capitolo 56 Raymond J. Kim, MD, FACC Associate Professor of Medicine and Radiology Co-Director, Duke Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Center Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina Capitolo 21 Spencer B. King III, MD, MACC, FAHA Professor of Medicine, Emeritus Emory University School of Medicine Director of Interventional Cardiology Fuqua Chair of Interventional Cardiology Fuqua Heart Center Piedmont Hospital Atlanta, Georgia Capitoli 17, 62 Hurst romane:Layout 1 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XXI Autori Annapoorna S. Kini, MD, MRCP, FACC Megan C. Leary, MD Associate Professor Mount Sinai School of Medicine Associate Director, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Mount Sinai Hospital New York, New York Capitolo 56 Instructor in Neurology Harvard Medical School Co-Director, Inpatient Stroke Service Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Capitolo 106 Timothy Knilans, MD Daniel J. Lenihan, MD Associate Professor of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Director, Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, Ohio Capitolo 47 Associate Professor of Medicine The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Director, Clinical Research The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Department of Cardiology Houston, Texas Capitolo 89 Peter R. Kowey, MD Tora Leong, MBChB, MRCPI Professor of Medicine and Clinical Cardiology Jefferson Medical College Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Main Line Health System Wynnewood, Pennsylvania Capitolo 43 Senior Research Fellow Specialist Registrar in Cardiology Adelaide and Meath Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Ireland Capitolo 67 Mitchell W. Krucoff, MD, FACC, FCCP William Lewis, MD Professor Medicine/Cardiology Duke University Medical Center Director, Cardiovascular Devices Unit Director, ECG Core Laboratory Duke Clinical Research Institute Chapel Hill, North Carolina Capitolo 114 Professor Department of Pathology Emory University School of Medicine Director, Division of Cardiovascular Pathology Emory Health Care Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 92 Harlan M. Krumholz, MD, SM Mark S. Link, MD Harold H. Hines, Jr. Professor of Medicine Yale University School of Medicine Director, Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation Yale New Haven Hospital New Haven, Connecticut Capitolo 111 Associate Professor of Medicine Tufts University School of Medicine Tufts-New England Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Capitolo 100 Edward G. Lakatta, MD Professor The Johns Hopkins University Director Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science Gerontology Research Center National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program National Institutes of Health Baltimore, Maryland Capitolo 101 E. Clinton Lawrence, MD Augustus J. McKeloey Professor of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Medical Director of Lung Transplantation Emory University Hospital Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 73 Brian D. Lowes, MD Associate Professor of Medicine/Cardiology University of Colorado University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, Colorado Capitolo 29 Bruce W. Lytle, MD Professor of Surgery Chairman, Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery The Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 65 Vincent Maher, MD, FRCPI Consultant Cardiologist Department of Cardiology Adelaide and Meath Hospital Tallaght, Ireland Capitolo 67 XXI Hurst romane:Layout 1 XXII 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XXII Autori Giuseppe Maiolino, MD David J. Maron, MD Research Fellow Cebzini Medical Center Capitolo 20 Associate Professor of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Nashville, Tennessee Capitolo 51 Joseph F. Malouf, MD Professor of Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Consultant, Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Capitolo 3 Fellow in Cardiovascular Disease University of Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota Capitolo 103 Donna M. Mancini, MD Tahsin Masud, MD Professor of Medicine Columbia University New York, New York Capitolo 32 Associate Professor of Medicine Renal Division Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Chief of Nephrology Emory Crawford Lung Hospital Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 98 Ali J. Marian, MD Professor of Cardiovascular Genetics and Medicine Center for Cardiovascular Genetic Research The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke’s Episcopal Hospital Houston, Texas Capitolo 81 Daniel Mark, MD, MPH Professor of Medicine Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina Capitolo 114 Roger R. Markwald, PhD Distinguished University Professor and Chairman Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy Director, Cardiovascular Developmental Biology Center Adjunct Professor of Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics Medical University of South Carolina Charleston, South Carolina Capitolo 8 Sir Michael G. Marmot, MD, PhD, FRCP Director, International Institute for Society and Health Head, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Professor University College London London, England Capitolo 115 Barry J. Maron, MD Director, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation Minneapolis, Minnesota Capitoli 28, 100 S. Carolina Masri, MD Bongani M. Mayosi, DPhil, FRCP, FACC Professor of Medicine and Head of Department Physician-in-Chief Department of Medicine Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory Cape Town, South Africa Capitolo 74 John H. McAnulty, MD, FACC, FAHA Professor Emeritus of Medicine Division of Cardiology Oregon Health and Sciences University Good Samaritan Hospital Portland, Oregon Capitolo 80, 96 William M. McClellan, MD, MPH Professor of Medicine Renal Division, Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 98 William M. McDonald, MD Professor Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 95 Elizabeth McNally, MD, PhD Director, Institute for Cardiovascular Research Director, Cardiovascular Genetics Laboratory Professor of Medicine and Human Genetics The University of Chicago Hospitals Center for Advanced Medicine Chicago, Illinois Capitolo 9 Hurst romane:Layout 1 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XXIII Autori Luisa Mestroni, MD Samer S. Najjar, MD Professor of Medicine/Cardiology University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Aurora, Colorado Capitolo 29 Head, Human Cardiovascular Studies Unit Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science Gerontology Research Center National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program National Institutes of Health Baltimore, Maryland Capitolo 101 James Metcalfe, MD Professor Emeritus of Medicine Oregon Health Sciences University School of Medicine Portland, Oregon Capitolo 96 Alexander Mittnacht, MD Assistant Professor Mount Sinai School of Medicine Assistant Clinical Attending Mount Sinai Hospital New York, New York Capitolo 87 Douglas C. Morris, MD, FACC, FAHA J. Willis Hurst Professor of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Director, Emory Hurst Center Emory Clinic Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 66 Debabrata Mukherjee, MD Gill Foundation Professor of Interventional Cardiology Director of Peripheral Intervention Program Associate Director for Cardiac Catheterization Laboratories Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky Capitolo 86 Dominique L. Musselman, MD, MS Associate Professor Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 95 Robert J. Myerburg, MD Professor of Medicine and Physiology American Heart Association Chair in Cardiovascular Research Division of Cardiology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, Florida Capitolo 13 Deepak G. Nair, MD, MS, MHA, RVT Vascular Fellow Department of Surgery Emory University Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 109 Carlo Napolitano, MD, PhD Senior Scientist and Research Coordinator Department of Molecular Cardiology Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri Pavia, Italy Capitolo 33 Ira S. Nash, MD, FACC, FAHA Vice Chairman for Veterans Affairs Associate Professor of Medicine Samuel Bronfman Department of Medicine Mount Sinai School of Medicine Chief of Internal Medicine James J Peters VA Medical Center New York, New York Capitolo 11 Charles B. Nemeroff, MD, PhD Reunette W. Harris Professor and Chairman Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 95 Stephen J. Nicholls, MBBS, PhD Research Associate The Cleveland Clinic Associate Director Intravascular Ultrasound Core Laboratory The Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 18 Rick A. Nishimura, MD, FACC Judd and Mary Morris Leighton Professor of Cardiovascular Diseases Professor of Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Consultant, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Rochester, Minnesota Capitolo 30 Steven E. Nissen, MD Interim Chairman Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 18 XXIII Hurst romane:Layout 1 XXIV 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XXIV Autori Veronica O’Doherty, MSc, MPhil, BA, RGN Benzy J. Padanilam, MD, FACC Psychologist Trinity College Dublin University College Dublin Acting Principal Psychologist Adelaide, Meath and National Children’s Hospital Dublin, Ireland Capitolo 67 Faculty, Electrophysiology Fellowship Program Attending Electrophysiologist The Care Group St. Vincent Hospital Indianapolis, Indiana Capitolo 41 Patrick T. O’Gara, MD, FACC, FAHA Associate Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School Director, Clinical Cardiology Cardiovascular Division Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, Massachusetts Capitoli 64, 85 Gbenga Ogedegbe, MD, MPH, MS, FAHA Assistant Professor of Medicine Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons Assistant Attending Physician Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center New York, New York Capitolo 68 Keith R. Oken, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Consultant, Cardiovascular Diseases Director, Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation Jacksonville, Florida Capitolo 99 Jeffrey W. Olin, DO Professor of Medicine Mount Sinai School of Medicine Director, Vascular Medicine The Mount Sinai Medical Center New York, New York Capitolo 105 Steve R. Ommen, MD Associate Professor of Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Consultant, Divison of Cardiovascular Diseases Department of Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Capitolo 30 William W. O’Neill, MD, FACC Director of Cardiology William Beaumont Hospital Division of Cardiology Royal Oak, Michigan Capitolo 63 Robert A. O’Rourke, MD, MACC, MACP, FAHA Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Emeritus University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio, Texas Capitoli 12, 15, 59, 60, 64, 76, 88 Richard L. Page, MD Robert A. Bruce Endowed Chair in Cardiovascular Research Head, Division of Cardiology University of Washington Medical Center Seattle, Washington Capitolo 39 Thomas A. Pearson, MD, MPH, PhD Albert A. Kaisar Professor and Chair Department of Community & Preventive Medicine University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, New York Capitolo 51 John Pepper, Mchir, FRCS Professor Imperial College, School of Medicine Consultant Cardiac Surgeon Royal Brompton Hospital London, United Kingdom Capitolo 66 Michael X. Pham, MD, MPH Instructor of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Medical Director of Heart Failure and Transplantation VA Palo Alto Health Care System Stanford, California Capitolo 27 Thomas G. Pickering, MD, DPhil Assistant Professor of Medicine Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center New York, New York Capitoli 68, 113 Ileana L. Piña, MD Professor of Medicine Case Western Reserve University Director, Heart Failure & Cardiac Transplantation University Hospitals of Cleveland Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 94 Sean P. Pinney, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Mount Sinai School of Medicine Director, Advanced Heart Failure & Cardiac Transplant Program New York, New York Capitolo 32 Hurst romane:Layout 1 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XXV Autori David J. Pinsky, MD Mahboob Rahman, MD, MS J. Griswold Ruth MD and Margery Hopkins Ruth Professor of Internal Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan Capitolo 58 Associate Professor of Medicine Case Western Reserve University Division of Nephrology and Hypertension University Hospitals of Cleveland Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 70 Duane S. Pinto, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School Director, Cardiology Fellowship Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Capitolo 49 Clinical Cardiologist Piedmont Hospital Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 107 Philip Poole-Wilson, MD, FRCP, FESC, FACC, FMedSci Sanjay Rajagopalan, MD Professor of Cardiology British Heart Foundation Simon Marks Chair of Cardiology Head of Cardiac Medicine National Heart and Lung Institute Faculty of Medicine Imperial College, London, United Kingdom Honorary Consultant, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust London, United Kingdom Capitolo 24, 26 Associate Professor of Medicine Director, MR & CT Program Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York, New York School of Public Health Department of Internal Medicine Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio Capitolo 104 Michael Poon, MD Associate Clinical Professor Department of Cardiology Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York, New York Capitolo 20 Silvia G. Priori, MD, PhD Associate Professor of Cardiology Department of Cardiology, University of Pavia-Italy Head of Molecular Cardiology Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri Pavia, Italy Capitolo 33 Eric N. Prystowsky, MD, FACC, FAHA Consulting Professor of Medicine Duke University Medical Center Director, Clinical Electrophysiology Laboratory St. Vincent Hospital Indianapolis, Indiana Capitoli 36, 37, 41 Shahbudin H. Rahimtoola, MB, FRCP, MACP, MACC, DSc (Hon) Distinguished Professor University of Southern California George C. Griffith Professor of Cardiology Professor of Medicine Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern Califonria Chief Physician Los Angeles County University of Southern California Medical Center Los Angeles, California Capitoli 75, 77, 79, 80 Vivek Rajagopal, MD Arash Rashidi, MD Nephrology and Clinical Hypertension Fellow Division of Nephrology and Hypertension University Hospitals Case Medical Center and Metro Health Medical Center Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 70 Elliot J. Rayfield, MD Clinical Professor of Medicine Mount Sinai School of Medicine Attending Physician Mount Sinai Hospital New York, New York Capitolo 90 Wolfgang G. Rehwald, PhD Senior Scientist Siemens Medical Solutions Duke Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Center Duke University Health Systems Durham, North Carolina Capitolo 21 David L. Reich, MD Horace W. Goldsmith Professor and Chair Department of Anesthesiology Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York, New York Capitolo 87 XXV Hurst romane:Layout 1 XXVI 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XXVI Autori Matthew R. Reynolds, MD, MSc Thom W. Rooke, MD Instructor in Medicine Harvard Medical School Associate Director of Electrophysiology Boston VA Healthcare System Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Capitolo 49 Professor of Medicine Mayo Clinical College of Medicine John and Posy Krehbiel Professor of Vascular Medicine Gonda Vascular Center Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Capitolo 108 Robert T. Rho, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Division of Cardiology University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle, Washington Capitolo 39 Paul M. Ridker, MD, MPH Eric A. Rose, MD Chairman, Department of Surgery Columbia University New York Presbyterian Hospital Columbia University Medical Center New York, New York Capitolo 27 Eugene Braunwald Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School Director, Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Divisions of Cardiovascular Disease and Preventive Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, Massachusetts Capitolo 51 Professor of Medicine University of California at San Diego School of Medicine University of California at San Diego Medical Center San Diego, California Capitolo 71 Nina Rieckmann, PhD Cyril Ruwende, MBChB, MSc, DPhil, FACC Assistant Professor Department of Psychiatry Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York, New York Capitolo 113 Assistant Professor University of Michigan General and Interventional Cardiologist Michigan Heart PC Ann Arbor, Michigan Capitolo 58 Robert Roberts, MD, FRCP(C), FACC, FAHA Lewis J. Rubin, MD Joseph F. Sabik, 3rd, MD President and CEO University of Ottawa Heart Institute Director, The Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Capitoli 5, 9, 81 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery The Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 65 William C. Roberts, MD, DSc, MACC Robert E. Safford, MD, PhD Executive Director Baylor University Medical Center Editor in Chief The American Journal of Cardiology Editor in Chief Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings Dallas, Texas Capitolo 88 Barbara Woodward Lips Professor of Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Consultant in Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville Jacksonville, Florida Capitolo 99 Jose F. Roldan, MD, FACR Assistant Professor of Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio South Texas Health Care System Rheumatologist Director, UTHSCA Lupus and Vasculatic Clinic San Antonio, Texas Capitolo 88 Allen Mark Samarel, MD William B. Knapp Professor of Medicine and Physiology Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine Director of Research, The Cardiovascular Institute Loyola University Medical Center Maywood, Illinois Capitolo 6 Heinrich R. Schelbert, MD The George V. Taplin Professor Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, California Capitolo 23 Hurst romane:Layout 1 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XXVII Autori John S. Schroeder, MD Mark E. Silverman, MD, MACP, FRCP, FACC Professor of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, California Capitolo 27 Emeritus Professor of Medicine Emory University Chief of Cardiology Fuqua Heart Center of Atlanta Piedmont Hospital Atlanta, Georgia Capitoli 1, 12 Steven P. Schulman, MD Professor of Medicine Department of Medicine The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Director, Coronary Care Unit Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, Maryland Capitolo 101 James B. Seward, MD, FACC Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Capitolo 3 Andrew L. Smith, MD Associate Professor of Medicine Emory University Director, Emory Center for Heart Failure Therapy and Transplantation Emory Clinic—Emory Hospital Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 93 Sidney C. Smith, Jr., MD, FACC, FAHA, FESC Medical Director and Chair Hoag Heart Valve Center Hoag Heart Institute Newport Beach, California Capitolo 78 Professor of Medicine Director, Center for Cardiovascular Science and Medicine Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, North Carolina Capitolo 91 Prediman K. Shah, MD, FACC Joaquin Solis, MD Professor of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles, California Shapell and Webb Chair and Director Cardiology and Atherosclerosis Research Center Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, California Capitolo 52 Physician Department of Cardiology University of Wisconsin Medical School Milwaukee Clinical Campus Milwaukee, Wisconsin Capitolo 110 Pravin M. Shah, MD, MACC James A. Shaver, MD Professor of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Cardiovascular Institute Director of C-V Fellowhip Program UPMC Presbyterian-Shadyside Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Capitolo 12 Leslee J. Shaw, PhD Acting Professor Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Research Institute Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, California Capitoli 19, 64 Daichi Shimbo, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Department of Medicine Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York, New York Capitolo 113 Edmund H. Sonnenblick, MD, FACC The Edmond J. Safra Professor of Medicine Department of Medicine The Albert Einstein College of Medicine Attending Cardiologist and Chief Emeritus Division of Cardiology Weiler Hospital for the Montefiore Medical Center Bronx, New York Capitolo 24 Albert Starr, MD Director of Academic Affairs Providence Health System of Oregon Director, Heart Institute Providence St. Vincent Hospital Portland, Oregon Capitolo 79 William G. Stevenson, MD Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School Director, Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology Program Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, Massachusetts Capitolo 44 XXVII Hurst romane:Layout 1 XXVIII 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XXVIII Autori Lisa M. Sullivan, PhD Gaetano Thiene, MD, FRCP, Hon. Associate Professor of Biostatistics Boston University Boston, Massachusetts Capitolo 2 Full Professor, Pathology Cardiovascular Pathology Institute of Anatomic Pathology University of Padua Civil Hospital Padua, Italy Capitolo 28 Qinghua Sun, MD, PhD Assistant Professor School of Public Health Department of Internal Medicine Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio Capitolo 104 Panagiotis N. Symbas, MD Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery Emory University School of Medicine Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery Emory University Affiliated Hospitals Atlanta, Georgia Capitolo 97 E. Murat Tuzcu, MD Professor of Medicine The Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine Staff, Interventional Cardiologist and Vice Chairman Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Division of Medicine The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 18 Ramachandran S. Vasan, MD, DM, FACC Chair, Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester, Minnesota Capitoli 3, 30 Associate Editor, Circulation Professor of Medicine Co-Director of Echocardiography Vascular Laboratory Boston University School of Medicine Framingham Heart Study Framingham, Massachusetts Capitolo 2 W. H. Wilson Tang, MD, FACC Stephen F. Vatner, MD Assistant Professor in Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University Staff Physician Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 24 University Professor and Chair Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine Director, Cardiovascular Research Institute University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey New Jersey Medical School Newark, New Jersey Capitolo 54 A. Jamil Tajik, MD Anne L. Taylor, MD Professor of Medicine/Cardiology Associate Dean for Faculty Affairs Co-Director, Deborah E. Powell National Center of Excellence in Women’s Health Division of Cardiology University of Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota Capitolo 103 Usha B. Tedrow, MD, MS Director, Women and Arrhythmias Program Brigham and Women’s Hospital Instructor in Medicine Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts Capitolo 44 Pugazhendhi Vijayaraman, MD Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical Center Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania Capitolo 40 Renu Virmani, MD Medical Director CVPath International Registry of Pathology Gaithersburg, Maryland Capitolo 57 Scott Visovatti, MD Chief Medical Resident University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan Capitolo 58 John H. K. Vogel, MD Chairman Cardiology Santa Barbara Cottage Hospital Santa Barbara, California Capitolo 114 Hurst romane:Layout 1 14-01-2009 8:23 Pagina XXIX Autori Albert L. Waldo, MD Priv. Doz. Dr. Christian Wolpert, MD The Waler H. Pritchard Professor of Cardiology Professor of Medicine Case Western Reserve University Divison of Cardiology Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 37 Associate Professor University Hospital Mannheim Faculty of Medicine of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Mannheim Mannheim, Germany Capitolo 46 Bruce F. Waller, MD Charles F. Wooley, MD Cardiologist The Care Group, LLC Indianapolis, Indiana Capitolo 55 Professor of Medicine Emeritus Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Heart Lung Research Institute Columbus, Ohio Capitolo 1 Richard A. Walsh, MD, FACC, FAHA John H. Hord Professor Chair, Department of Medicine Case Western Reserve University Physician-in-Chief University Hospitals of Cleveland Cleveland, Ohio Capitoli 4, 6 William S. Weintraub, MD Professor Emeritus Emory University Professor of Medicine Jefferson University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Professor of Health Sciences (Adjunct) University of Delaware Chief, Section of Cardiology Christiana Care Health System Newark, Delaware Capitolo 111 Paul W. Wennberg, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Gonda Vascular Center Mayo Graduate School of Medicine Consultant, Cardiovascular Diseases Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Capitolo 108 Arno (Andy) Wessels, PhD Associate Professor Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Cardiovascular Develpmental Biology Center Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Cardiology Medical University of South Carolina Charleston, South Carolina Capitolo 8 Jackson T. Wright Jr., MD, PhD Professor of Medicine Director, Clinical Hypertension Program Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Program Director, General Clinical Research Case Western Reserve University University Hospitals of Cleveland Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 70 YingXing Wu, MD Postdoctoral Fellow Medical Data Research Center Providence Health and Services Portland, Oregon Capitolo 79 Jay S. Yadav, MD Chairman, Center for Medical Innoculation Director, Vascular Intervention The Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio Capitolo 107 Gan-Xin Yan, MD, PhD Associate Professor of Medicine Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University Attending Cardiologist, Director of Basic Research Main Line Health Heart Center Wynnewood, Pennsylvania Capitolo 43 Eric H. Yang, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Director of the Coronary Care Unit University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, North Carolina Capitolo 60 James A. White, MD Edward T.H. Yeh, MD Co-Director of Cardiovascular MRI Division of Cardiology London Health Sciences Centre London, Ontario, Canada Capitolo 21 Professor and Chairman Department of Cardiology The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Cardiology Department Houston, Texas Capitolo 89 XXIX