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1 NORMATIVA
1.1 Per il territorio italiano gli lavorare con avanzamento manuobblighi dei costruttori e dei commercianti derivano dalla “Normativa per la prevenzione degli
infortuni sul lavoro D.P.R. 547 del
27 aprile le 1955”. In particolare
riportiamo alcuni Articoli che, a
nostro avviso, ne riassumono i
concetti fondamentali:
Art. 7 Sono vietate dalla data
di entrata in vigore del presente
decreto la costruzione, la vendita,
il noleggio e la concessione in uso
di macchine, di parti di macchine,
di attrezzature, di utensili e di
apparecchi in genere, destinati al
mercato interno, nonché
l’installazione di impianti, che
non siano rispondenti alle norme
del decreto stesso.
Art. 113 Le fresatrici da legno
devono essere provviste di mezzi
di protezione atti ad evitare che le
mani del lavoratore possano
venire accidentalmente in contatto con l’utensile. Tali mezzi
debbono essere adatti alle singole
lavorazioni ed applicati sia nei
lavori con guida che in quelli
senza guida.
Le prescrizioni tedesche, secondo le quali i nostri utensili sono
certificati, sono riassunte nelle
“Grundsatze fur die Prufung der
Arbeitssichereit von Holzbearbeitungsmaschinen-Werkzeugen”.
Queste sono in vigore in Germania dal 1 aprile 1977 come legge
generale per la prevenzione degli
infortuni riguardanti macchine e
utensili per la lavorazione del
legno.
BG-TEST: A cui appartengono quegli utensili utilizzati per
lavorazioni che comportano
l’avanzamento manuale del
legno. Quegli utensili sono caratterizzati dal limitatore di truciolo
c o n s p o rg e n z a m a s s i m a d e l
tagliente di 1,1 mm, da una forma
costruttiva perfettamente rotonda
e da una distanza ben precisa fra
tagliente e limitatore di truciolo.
Questa costruzione consente di
1/2
ale del pezzo, in quanto i pericoli
di contraccolpo sul pezzo da lavorare sono ridotti al minimo.
Avanzamento automatico
A questa classe appartengono quegli utensili utilizzati su
macchine automatiche in cui il fissaggio e avanzamento del pezzo e
completamente automatico. La
forma costruttiva di questi utensili deve seguire le norme generali
di sicurezza per quanto riguarda
lo scarico e la forma dell’utensile.
Su questi utensili deve essere
impressa la scritta “MECH. VORSCHUB” (avanzamento meccanico).
Oltre a quanto esposto sopra
sono previste ulteriori regole fra
le quali:
tutti gli utensili devono
essere marcati con il nome, il marchio produttore, il numero di giri
massimo e minimo ammesso per
quel tipo di utensile, l’anno di
costruzione.
gli utensili porta coltelli devono avere un sistema di fissaggio
tale da consentire il trattenimento
dell’inserto anche in caso di allentamento accidentale.
Gli utensili con queste caratteristiche soddisfano pienamente
le direttive della NORMA EUROPEA EN 847-1 che e stata approvata nel febbraio 1997. Questa
norma e un importante riferimento dal punto di vista di copertura nei confronti di possibili
responsabilita civili e penali. La
EN 847-1 identifica tutti i pericoli
che derivano dal progetto e uso di
utensili per la lavorazione del
legno e descrive i metodi per
l’eliminazione o la riduzione di
questi pericoli mediante la progettazione degli utensili e la fornitura di informazioni.
2 DATI FONDAMENTALI
PER L’ORDINAZIONE
Per permettere una corretta interpretazione dell’ordine, il richiedente
dovrà fornire alcuni dati precisi che
riportiamo qui di seguito:
2.1 Avanzamento
Per la scelta dell’utensile è
necessario sapere quale tipo di
avanzamento si intende adottare
tra:
” avanzamento manuale;
” avanzamento semiautomatico;
” avanzamento automatico
2.2 Utensili a catalogo
Indicare per esteso il codice
di riferimento ed eventuale serie
di appartenenza.
2.3 Utensili speciali
Per questo tipo di utensile la
richiesta deve essere accompagnata da un disegno o schizzo
riportante i dati sull’avanzamento. In alternativa, il richiedente deve inviare un campione
di legno indicando il piano di
appoggio e il senso di avanzamento.
2.4 Dati caratteristici
È indispensabile corredare
l’ordine dei seguenti dati caratterizzanti l’utensile:
” diametro, spessore, foro;
” numero di taglienti, di incisori;
” senso di rotazione;
” numero di giri a cui è impiegato l’utensile;
” velocità di avanzamento;
” tipo di chiavetta eventualmente esistente sull’albero porta
utensile;
” materiale da lavorare;
” qualità degli inserti da adottare
(HW e HS).
Nelle tabelle di pag.1/11 1/12 sono riportati i diagrammi
per il rilevamento della velocità
di avanzamento, il numero di giri,
avanzamento per dente, il
numero dei taglienti ecc.
2.5 Indicazione dei dati
caratteristici
diametro
spessore
foro
130
50
35
Senso di rotazione
Essendo l’indicazione destra/sinistra al quanto soggettiva
riportiamo degli esempi pratici
per un più facile rilevamento. Ad
ogni modo, è destro l’utensile
montato su toupie con rotazione
antioraria.
Diametro grande sopra, rotazione a destra (schema I)
Diametro grande sotto, rotazione destra (schema II)
In mancanza di indicazioni
specifiche in tal senso, si provvederà a fornire l’utensile secondo
lo schema I, ossia utensile con
rotazione antioraria, con diametro
più grande o incisori sopra.
Misure delle chiavette.
Alcune macchine usano chiavette
non unificate, pertanto e opportuno indicarne le quote.
Esempio: utensile diametro 140
mm, spessore 50 mm, foro 40 mm,
con chiavetta 140 x 50 x 40 (10 x 4)
2.6 Materiale da lavorare
Non potendo fare una classificazione completa indichiamo
solamente alcune famiglie: legni
teneri, legni duri, legni esotici,
legni composti, compensati, multistrati, truciolari nobilitati, faesite
ecc. Se il materiale è rivestito,
occorre precisare quali sono le
superfici interessate e il tipo di
rivestimento.
2.7 Direzione di taglio
Le direzioni di taglio sul
legno possono essere di tre tipi:
1) lungo vena;
2) attraverso la vena;
3) di testa;
2.8 Macchine operatrici
Vanno indicati la marca e il
tipo di macchina con relativi
numeri di giri. Per macchine a più
alberi si necessita lo schema di
composizione delle macchine,
indicando per ogni albero: il diametro, l’altezza e la relativa corsa.
1/3
3 TERMINOLOGIA
E NORME GENERALI
3.1 Utensili integrali
Questi utensili possono
essere eseguiti in acciaio SP. HL o
HS, con quest’ultimo sistema, ad
esempio, vengono prodotte frese
e lame. Le punte, oltre ai tipi in
acciaio, possono essere prodotte
anche in HW (HM) integrale.
3.2 Utensili con placchette
riportate
Questi utensili sono composti
da un corpo in acciaio non temperato sul quale sono state riportate mediante saldatura delle
placchette in HS o HW (HM).
3.3 Utensili ad inserti
Tali utensili hanno un corpo
in acciaio sul quale sono applicati
meccanicamente inserti in HS o
HW (HM). A questa classe appartiene la maggior parte della nostra produzione.
3.4 Gruppo di frese
II termine indica una o più
frese distanziate con anelli, montate su bussola di accoppiamento
per eseguire un profilo finito.
3.5 Serie programmata
II termine indica un insieme
di gruppi di frese, con rotazione
destra e sinistra, che concorrono
all’esecuzione del prodotto finito.
3.6 Sistema di fissaggio
E’ quel complesso che determina il posizionamento e il fissaggio degli inserti negli utensili
indicati al punto 3.3:
1) inserto;
2) spina di sicurezza;
3) tassello di fissaggio;
4) vite di fissaggio;
5) corpo fresa;
6) Tirante.
1/4
3.7 Materiali impiegati
” Corpo fresa: prodotto in acciaio
bonificato, leghe di acciaio o leghe
leggere ad alta resistenza
” taglienti:
le denominazioni
ormai ricorrenti sono:
SP ..............................lega di acciaio
HL.............................lega di acciaio
ad alta resistenza
HS ..................acciaio super rapido
ST ........................................... stellite
HW (HM) ....... carburi sinterizzati
DP ........... diamante policristallino
4 ANGOLI
CARATTERISTICI
DEI TAGLIENTI
_ = angolo di spoglia superiore: angolo tra la tangente del
diametro esterno ed il dorso
dell’utensile.
` = angolo del tagliente:
angolo tra il dorso ed il petto.
a = angolo di spoglia inferiore: angolo tra il petto e l’asse
dell’utensile (usualmente denominato angolo di taglio).
b = angolo assiale: inclinazione del petto.
¡ = angolo del tagliente di
utensili a smusso (misurato sul
legno).
d = angolo di spoglia laterale
(sui due fianchi dei taglienti).
ž = angolo di spoglia superiore degli incisori.
j = angolo di spoglia laterale
misurato sulla radiale del
tagliente.
1/5
5 DATI TECNICI
5.1 Senso di rotazione
dell’utensile
La rotazione è destra quando
l’utensile visto dal lato motore
gira verso destra; guardando dal
lato utensile questo gira in senso
antiorario.
” Rotazione
sinistra quando
l’utensile visto dal lato motore
gira a sinistra; guardando dal lato
utensile la rotazione è in senso
orario.
”
5.2 Senso di rotazione
per punte
Rotazione destra: filettatura
destra, utensile con attacco superiore e senso orario.
” Rotazione sinistra: filettatura
sinistra, utensile con attacco superiore e senso antiorario.
”
5.3 Foro
I fori sono eseguiti con tolleranza H6 per accoppiamento su
alberi con tolleranza g6.
5.4 Equilibratura
Tutti i componenti rotanti
sono equilibrati dinamicamente
con il grado G = 16, mentre i
gruppi di utensili più particolari,
montati su mozzo, vengono
equilibrati con il grado C = 40.
Statisticamente il grado di
equilibratura e G = 6,3 per i componenti, mentre per i gruppi
assemblati tale grado è pari a
G = 16.
I gradi di equilibratura sono
indicati dalle norme ISO 1940-1 e
si riferiscono alla velocità massima ammissibile per l’utensile.
Per particolari applicazioni su
macchine operatrici con gruppi
disposti a “pacco” il grado di
equilibratura è mantenuto in tolleranze più strette.
1/6
6 CONDIZIONI
DI IMPIEGO
DEGLI UTENSILI
La lavorazione contro avanzamento è la sola che permette di
lavorare con avanzamento manuale.
6.2 Lavorazione concorde
all’avanzamento
In questo caso l’utensile
ruota nello stesso senso dell’avanzamento. La formazione del truciolo avviene in modo regressivo e
si ha un urto iniziale quando
avviene il contatto fra il tagliente
e il legno. Questo sistema consente di ottenere superfici molto
finite con ridotta potenza d’avanzamento. D’altro canto si ha una
durata ridotta degli inserti dato
che la fase in cui si lavora per
attrito è più ampia. Tale sistema è
attualmente usato su macchine
automatiche.
6.3 Qualità del taglio
6.1 Lavorazione
contro avanzamento
In questa condizione l’utensile
ruota in senso contrario all’avanzamento del legno. La formazione del
truciolo avviene in modo progressivo.
II tagliente lavora dapprima per
attrito, dato che il materiale asportato
non è sufficiente per formare il truciolo. In un secondo momento si ha la
formazione del truciolo. Questo sistema di lavorazione, comunemente
usato, consente una maggior durata
degli inserti con poca potenza assorbita, qualora l’asportazione unitaria per
dente non scenda sotto certi livelli.
Su tipi di legno con venatura irregolare, le superfici non hanno una
buona finitura e si favorisce la formazione delle schegge.
La qualità del taglio è migliorata applicando i taglienti inclinati assialmente e aumentando la
velocità, per evitare la formazione
di scheggiature. Occorre tenere
ben presente che aumentando la
velocità, lasciando invariato il
numero dei taglienti e la velocità
di avanzamento si ottiene un truciolo sempre più sottile con conseguente usura precoce dei taglienti, e aumento della potenza
assorbita.
6.4 Velocità periferica
Impropriamente detta velocità di taglio è misurata in mt/sec
ed è calcolata mediante la seguente formula:
D•/•N
V = ----------------------- mt/sec
60.000
dove: D è il diametro esterno
espresso in mm;
n è il numero di giri al
minuto
/ è la costante 3,14
Nella tabella seguente sono
indicati dei valori entro i quali si
dovrà ricercare la velocità periferica più opportuna.
Materiale da
lavorare
Legno tenero
Frese
HW
(HM)
mt/sec
Lame
HW
(HM)
mt/sec
60 - 90
70 - 100
Legno duro
50 - 80
70 - 90
Truciolato
60 - 20
60 - 90
Laminato
40 - 60
60 - 100
Compensato
60 - 80
60 - 80
Multistrato
40 - 60
60 - 80
6.5 Velocità
di avanzamento
II grado di finitura di una
superficie va rapportato a una
serie di variabili quali:
” la precisione dell’utensile
” l’efficienza delle macchine
” l’accoppiamento foro-albero
” la velocità di avanzamento
” il diametro dell’utensile
” il numero dei taglienti
” l’avanzamento unitario per
dente, che determina l’altezza
della ondulazione.
Le ultime quattro voci seguono regole matematiche, pertanto è possibile ricavare dei valori ottimali di impiego.
La relazione base che lega queste
quattro variabili è la seguente:
u × 1.000
Sz = ---------------------n×z
Sz = avanzamento del tagliente
(mm)
u = avanzamento del pezzo in
lavorazione (m/min)
n = numero dei giri (n/min)
z = numero dei taglienti
a = profondità di taglio (mm)
1/7
L’altezza di ondulazione può
essere trascurata per utensili con
diametro superiore a 80 mm,
comunque riportiamo la relativa
formula a titolo di curiosità:
2
Sz
t = -------4D
Nella pratica è stato possibile
stabilire valori di Sz alquanto
vicini alle condizioni ottimali
d’impiego. Per comodità li riportiamo qui di seguito;
FRESE in HW (HM)
sgrossatura................... Sz = 2,5 ÷ 5
finitura media....................0,8 ÷ 2,5
buona finitura....................0,3 ÷ 0,8
Teniamo a precisare che non
ha senso scendere al di sotto dei
valori minimi, perché non si otterrebbe una finitura migliore, anzi
si provocherebbe l’usura precoce
del tagliente, che lavorerebbe per
attrito e non per taglio. Per le
lame i valori di Sz sono alquanto
inferiori.
LAME
Legno tenero
lungovena .................... Sz= 0,2-:0,9
Legno tenero
attraverso vena..................0,1 ÷ 0,2
Legno duro .....................0,05 ÷ 015
Truciolare .........................0,1 ÷ 0,25
Truciolare con laminati 0,02 ÷ 0,05
Compensati......................0,1 ÷ 0,25
Multistrati ......................0,05 ÷ 0,12
6.6 Potenza assorbita
La conoscenza della potenza
assorbita permette all’operatore
di predisporre le fasi di lavorazione in relazione alla potenza disponibile.
Si potrà, pertanto, dosare la velocità di avanzamento e decidere se è
opportuno usare uno o più motori
con una fase preliminare di sgrossatura.
Per il calcolo della potenza
assorbita sono necessari i seguenti
dati:
B = altezza di taglio in mm
A = profondità di taglio in mm
Va = Velocità di avanzamento
in m/min
D = Diametro
dell’utensile
in mm
Sz = Asportazione unitaria per
dente
HW (HM) = Spessore medio del
truciolo
B × A × Va × K
N kw = ------------------------------------9.000 × 1, 36
K = coefficiente in relazione allo
spessore medio del truciolo
A
hm = Sz ---D
Valori di K
Spessore medio del truciolo hm
1/8
0,05
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,5
Legno tenero lungovena
12
8
6
4,5
4
Legno tenero attraversovena
15
9,5
7
6
5,5
Legno duro lungovena
14
9
7
5,3
4,8
Legno duro attraversovena
16
11
8
6,5
5,8
7 NORME DI SICUREZZA
7.1 Coltelli sagomati
8 MANUTENZIONE DEGLI
8.1 Tutti gli utensili sono conse- 8.3 Vibrazioni
UTENSILI
II montaggio di coltelli sagomati su teste porta coltelli è
ammesso, sempre nel rispetto di
alcuni parametri che ne garantiscano l’uso pratico senza alcun
pericolo di rottura.
S = spessore coltello
t = sporgenza coltello
h = altezza del coltello
e = profondità di fissaggio
gnati pronti per l’uso. Gli utensili
speciali vengono forniti con il
relativo campione in legno, che
attesta l’avvenuto collaudo.
8.2 Montaggio
Prima di montare l’utensile
occorre accertarsi che:
” tutte le viti di bloccaggio siano
serrate.
” il numero di giri indicato
sull’utensile sia compatibile con
quello riportato sulla macchina; il
numero di giri massimo non deve
essere oltrepassato.
” l’utensile sia montato solamente con anelli rettificati.
” Inoltre,
se l’accoppiamento
foro-albero non risultasse libero, il
montaggio forzato dell’utensile
deve essere assolutamente evitato.
” Per avere un’utensile sempre
efficiente sono necessari una
costante pulizia e un costante controllo dello stato di usura degli
inserti.
Queste possono essere
dovute a cause di eccentricità di
rotazione dell’albero porta frese
(tolleranza richiesta ± 0,01 mm);
velocità eccessiva di taglio; serraggio insufficiente dell’utensile;
depositi di trucioli entro il corpo
fresa dovuti a scarsa aspirazione.
8.4 Usura precoce dei
taglienti
Le cause più frequenti
dell’usura precoce dei taglienti
vanno riscontrate nell’eccessiva
velocità di taglio, nella ridotta
profondità di taglio e velocità di
avanzamento insufficiente.
8.5 La sostituzione degli inserti
deve essere effettuata con gli
attrezzi dati in dotazione,
pulendo preventivamente le sedi
dove devono essere introdotte le
chiavi. Se è necessario sostituire i
pezzi di fissaggio usurati, prima
di montare i nuovi inserti occorre
pulire accuratamente la sede di
alloggiamento di questi ultimi.
1/9
9 DESCRIZIONE
DEL PRODOTTO
UTENSILI CON FISSAGGIO
MECCANICO DELL’INSERTO PER
LA LAVORAZIONE DEL LEGNO
E/O AFFINI PRODOTTI DALLA
DITTA ZUANI S.R.L.
In base alle nuove esigenze
delle macchine operatrici ed alle
severe normative nell’ambito
della lavorazione del legno e dei
suoi affini la Zuani S.R.L.. produce una nuova serie di utensili
c o n fi s s a g g i o m e c c a n i c o
dell’inserto tagliente, onde offrire
all’utilizzatore sicurezza e facilità
di manutenzione.
I corpi base sono in acciaio di
qualità superiore e, dove la composizione e la forma dell’utensile
lo permettono, si è cercato di dare
una conformazione il più rotonda
possibile per abbassare il livello
di rumorosità e il rischio di contraccolpo.
Le sedi di alloggiamento dei
taglienti sono della massima precisione e garantiscono la ripetitività del posizionamento senza
l’uso di dispositivi pre-setting.
Per i taglienti principali è stato
sviluppato un sistema di fissaggio
molto comodo che permette una
facile e veloce sostituzione
d e l l ’ i n s e r t o s i a i n d i re z i o n e
assiale che radiale.
Le viti sono in acciaio ad alta
resistenza con sede di fissaggio
“Torx” che garantisce un sicuro e
frequente uso, eliminando i noti
svantaggi delle viti con testa a
cava esagonale incassata riscontrati su diametri piccoli. Gli
inserti hanno due o più lati
taglienti e rappresentano il nuovo
passo nella lavorazione del legno.
Nella progettazione di questi
inserti, ormai di uso frequente, si
è prestata particolare attenzione
alla geometria dei taglienti onde
migliorare il grado di finitura del
legno lavorato. Questo riguarda
in particolare modo la lavorazione controvena. II miglioramento della finitura dipende in
particolare modo dall’aumento
1/10
dell’angolo di scarico e dall’inclinazione dell’inserto unitamente
alla tolleranza di comparazione
riservata ai vari inserti applicati
allo stesso corpo. Lo scarico del
truciolo presenta una forma che
ne facilita l’evacuazione e la successiva cattura dall’impianto di
aspirazione. Dove è necessario, il
taglio laterale viene eseguito con
speciali incisori che, garantiscono
una superficie finita anche in presenza di incastri profondi, eliminando nel contempo le pericolose
sollecitazioni assiali che si creerebbero durante la lavorazione.
Per garantire la buona applicazione delle vernici protettive vengono smussati e arrotondati gli
spigoli per mezzo di speciali
inserti a quattro lati taglienti. Gli
utensili forniti a pacco sono montati su mozzi rettificati muniti di
ghiere di fissaggio per evitarne lo
svitamento durante le gravose
sollecitazioni create dai motori
autofrenanti.
Tutti gli utensili sono equilibrati dinamicamente con equilibratrici elettroniche che assicurano l’assenza di vibrazioni
residue durante la lavorazione.
Ulteriore attenzione è stata prestata alla scelta del trattamento
superficiale che, essendo elettrolitico, preserva tutta la superficie
degli utensili dall’ossidazione. II
controllo finale viene effettuato
dal nostro personale direttamente su macchine operatrici,
controllando gli utensili in tutte le
sue parti. Quest’ultima fase, in
accordo con i criteri seguiti in progettazione, assicura un prodotto
che offre tutte le garanzie di sicurezza richieste dalle norme attualmente vigenti in Italia e all’estero;
sono altresì rispettate le norme
relative al grado di equilibratura
in previsione della loro applicazione in sede europea.
Significato dei simboli / Sens des symboles /
Significado de los símbolos / Symbols meaning /
Erklärung der Symbole
1 Tipo di lavorazione /
Type de travail sur le bois
/ Tipo de elaboración en
la madera / Type of
working / Art der
bearbeitung
Incidere / Entailler /
Entallar / Spuring /
Vorschneiden
Truciolare / Emietter /
Hacer virutas / Hogging
/ Zerspanen
Piallare / Raboter /
Cepillar / Planning /
Hobeln
Fare incastri / Rainer /
Ranurar / Grooving /
Nuten-Bohren
Contornare /Chantourner
/ Contornear / Squaring
/ Umfälzen
Fare battute / Feuillurer
Galcear / Rebating /
Fälzen
Smussare / Chanfreiner
Biselar / Bevelling /
Fasen
Profilatura universale /
Profilage / Perfilar /
Profiling / Profilierung
Giunzione maschio +
femmina / Bouvetage =
tenon + enfourchement /
Ensamble = macho +
hembra / Jointing = Tenoning and Slotting
/ Verleimen = Zapfen und Schlitz
Giunzione forcelle +
tenoni / Bouvetage = tenon
+ enfourchement /
Ensamble = macho +
hembra / Jointing = Tenoning and Slotting
/ Verleimen = Zapfen und Schlitz
Giunzione ad angolo /
Bouvetage à 45˚ / Ensamble
a 45˚ / 45˚ Jointing / Zu 45˚
Verleimen
Piattabanda / Plate-bande
/ Fresa para plafones /
Raised Planer Cutter /
Abplattfraser
Fare incastri e battute
attraverso vena / Rainer
et feuillurer dans le sens des
fibres / Ranurar y galcear
en el sentido de la fibra / Grooving and
Rebating along vein / Nuten-Bohren und
Falzen längs
Giunzione di testa
(Zinken) / Jonction en
bout / Ensamble frontal /
Glue Jointing/ Zinken
2 Tipo d’avanzamento /
Type d’avance / Tipo de
avance / Type of
advancing / Art des
vorschubs
Giunzione lungo vena /
Jonction dans le sens des
fibres / Ensamble en el
sentido de la fibra /
Jointing along vein / Längs-Verleimen
Avanzamento meccanico
/ Avance mécanique /
Avance mecánico /
Mechanical Advancing /
Mechanischer Vorschub
Giunzione di testa /
Jonction en bout /
Ensamble frontal / GlueJointing /Verleimen
Avanzamento manuale /
Avance à la main / Avance
manual /
Hand Advancing /
Handvorschub
3 Tipo di costr. utensili /
Type de construction des
outils / Tipologia de
construcción de la
herramienta / Type of
tooling / Werkzeugarten
Esecuzione saldobrasato
riaffilabile / Exécution
soudo-brasée affûtable /
Ejecución saldo-brasado
afilable / Execution of Sharpening Braze
Welding Tools / Ausführung von
schleifbaren bestückten Werkzeugen
Fissaggio meccanico dei
taglienti intercambiabili /
Fixation mécanique des
plaquettes interchangeables
/ Fijación mecánica de las cuchillas
intercambiables / Mechanical Fixing of
Interchangeable knives / Mechanische
Befestigung der auswechselbaren
Platten
Fissaggio meccanico dei
taglienti reversibili /
Fixation mécanique des
plaquettes réversibles /
Fijación mecánica de las cuchillas
reversibles / Mechanical Fixing of
Turnblades / Mechanische Befestigung
der Wendeplatten
Fissaggio meccanico dei
taglienti regolabili /
Fixation mécanique des
plaquettes réglables /
Fijación mecánica de las cuchillas
regulables / Mechanical Fixing of
Adjustable Knives / Mechanische
Befestigung der verstellbaren Platten
Fissaggio meccanico dei
taglienti regolabili /
Fixation mécanique des
plaquettes réglables /
Fijación mecánica de las cuchillas
regulables / Mechanical Fixing of
Adjustable Knives / Mechanische
Befestigung der verstellbaren Platten
1/11
Diagramma della velocita’ di
taglio. Esempio: Supponiamo che
si intenda lavorare del multistrati
su una macchina a 6.000 g/min.
stabilendo una velocità periferica
1/12
di 45 m/sec. Tracciare una retta
verticale in corrispondenza della
velocità (45 m/sec.) fino ad intersecare la diagonale corrispondente a
6.000 g/min. Dal punto di interse-
zione si tracci una retta orizzontale,
che servirà a determinare sulla
scala verticale il diametro consigliato. In questo caso D = 140 mm
Esempio:
Grado di finitura................... Sz 0,4
Avanzamento .................. 7 m/min
Velocità........................6.000 g/min
Numero dei taglienti dell’utensile ..Z 3
Esempio:
Lama ..........................................Z 24
Velocità .........................3000 g/min
Grado di finitura................. Sz 0,15
Avanzamento richiesto 10 m/min
1/13
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