Sofia, 15/16 May 2006
WORKSHOP ON GOOD
AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
ITALY
ONE OF THE MAJOR PLAYERS IN
EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE
Carlo Badiali - Florence Chamber of Commerce
•
WHAT DOES
MEAN?
 The Euro-Retailer Produce Working Group “EUREP” has
developed the standard Eurepgap for fresh products as the
minimum framework for the Good Agricultural Practice “GAP”,
that is now accepted by the main European retailers.
 Based on Integrated Pest Management EUREPGAP is
applicable to all producers and companies dealing with fresh
products, and now represents the main standard requested by
many of the international retailers
GOALS:
To reduce the risks of food safety lapses in agricultural
production and to objectively verify best practices with
reference points to ensure that it is done systematically and
consistently throughout the world.
ITALIAN
EXPERIENCE (1)
Since 1997 at least 3.000 producers and companies have been
EUREPGAP certified in Italy.
In particular:
 from 1997 to 2004
 from 2005
800 companies + producers
2.200 companies + producers.
ITALIAN
EXPERIENCE (2)
Such significant increase is dued to:
 German large scale retail trade growing interest.
As a matter of fact from 1997 to 2004 Eurepgap certification
was basically requested from Uk mass distribution.
Since 2005 many important German large scale retail
companies consider Europgap certification as a key issue.
Germany is our most important export market in agriculture.
But there’s a difference…(1)
• Today, large-scale retail trade (especially in the
UK and Germany) requires Eurepgap as the main
standard for the Good Agricoltural Practice. This
means that mass distribution doesn’t provide a
certification on its own but it commissions
someone else to do it.
…and the difference is (2)
In Italy large-scale retail trade provides a certification
on its own, mostly high-level quality standards, on
basically three grounds:
• Food safety and welfare
• Against agripiracy: “made in Italy” brand forgery
annually generate € 56,2 billion: half of our national
food turnover.
• Food product quality, provenance and differentiation.
Italy certificates products
through:
• TRACEABILITY: food tracking from farm to market.
Compulsory and optional regulations.
• ISO 9000: quality management (fulfil customer’s quality
requirements, enhance customer satisfaction and achieve
continual improvement of its performance in pursuit of these
objectives) – volunteer regulations
• ISO 14000: environmental management (minimize harmful
effects on the environment caused by its activities and achieve
continual improvement of its environmental performance)
volunteer regulations
• HACCP: achievement of food safety through compulsory
regulations.
• COLLECTIVE TRADE MARKS: owned by an organisation
(such as an association), whose members use them to identify
themselves with a level of quality or accuracy, geographical
origin, or other characteristics set by the organisation.
• ORGANIC FARMING: a production system which avoids or
largely excludes the use of synthetically compounded
fertilizers, pesticides, growth regulators, and livestock feed
additives
• PROTECTION OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS,
DESIGNATIONS OF ORIGIN AND CERTIFICATES OF
SPECIFIC CHARACTER FOR AGRICULTURAL
PRODUCTS: PDO, PGI and TSG
AGRIQUALITA’
Is a trademark established by Toscana Region
which certificates and supports products obtained by:
• organic farming practises
• GMO banning
Organic Farming
Italy has an outstanding position in EU:
35.000 farms organic certified
for
2.400.000 acres
PDO (Protected Designation of Origin)
Covers the term used to describe foodstuffs which
are produced, processed and prepared in a given
geographical area using acknowledged know-how.
PGI (Protected Geographical Indication)
The geographical link must occur in at least one
of the stages of production, processing or
preparation. Furthermore, the product has to be
well known and recognized as a high quality
product.
TSG (Traditional Speciality Guaranteed)
Does not refer to the origin but highlights a product of
a traditional nature, either in the composition or
means of production.
PDO and PGI allotment in Europe
SF
S
IR L
CS
L
DK
B
NL
A
GB
D
GR
P
E
F
I
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
The Florence Chamber of Commerce
certifies:
• Extra-virgin Olive Oil “Chianti Classico” (PDO)
And it’s involved in:
• “Marron from Mugello” (PGI) certification
• “Saffron from Florence” (PDO) certification
UE WINES CLASSIFICATION:
• WINE: from 9 % to 15 % alcohol;
• LIQUEUR WINE: from 15 % to 22 %;
• SPARKLING WINE: over 7 %.
EU QUALITY WINES CLASSIFICATION
V.Q.P.R.D. Quality wines produced in
specified regions;
V.S.Q.P.R.D. Quality sparkling wines
produced in specified regions;
V.L.Q.P.R.D. Quality liqueur wines
produced in specified regions;
V.F.Q.P.R.D. Quality semi- sparkling wines
produced in specified regions;
MAIN ITALIAN WINE
CLASSIFICATION
Legally recognized and protected from EU:
• DOCG (Controlled and guaranteed designation
of origin);
• DOC (Controlled designation of origin);
• IGT (Typical geographical indication);
• Table wine.
DOCG (Controlled and
guaranteed designation of origin);
• Maximum qualification laid down by Italian
law for wines
• An appellation which can be attributed only
to those which have already enjoyed DOC
status for at least five years
• These wines are produced in a specific area
DOC (Controlled designation
of origin)
• Set up in 1963 to safeguard consumers in
relation to the provenance and quality of
wines
• The production is related to a specific area
IGT (Typical geographical
indication);
• Dates to 1992
• Product specifications are less strict than those for
the designation of origin but based on the same
prerequisites
• Controls on:
- Yield of grapes per hectare of vineyard
- Quality of wine per ton of grapes
- Minimum natural alcohol and that at the time
of launching at the market
DOCG, DOC and IGT consistence in
ITALY
• D.O.C.G.:
32
• D.O.C.:
309
• I.G.T.:
119
ITALY is made up:
• 20 regions (each one with one or more
provinces)
• 103 provinces (each one with more
municipalities)
• 8.104 municipalities
CHIANTI DOCG
A WORLDFAMOUS WINE:
Chianti DOCG is produced in six provinces of
Tuscany:
Arezzo, Florence, Pisa, Pistoia, Prato, Siena
all put together make up the largest wine
producing area in Italy, counting in all or
part of 100 municipalities.
V.Q.P.R.D.CLASSIFICATION IN FLORENCE
AND PRATO PROVINCES
•Chianti
•Chianti subzones (rufina, montalbano, colli
f.ni, Montespertoli)
•Chianti classico
•Carmignano
vineyard
farm
microzone
V
Q
P
R
D
hamlet
•Pomino: rosso , bianco, vinsanto
•Colli dell’etruria: bianco, rosso, rosato,
vinsanto
•Bianco dell’empolese: bianco, vinsanto;
•Vinsanto del chianti classico;
•Vinsanto del chianti;
•Vinsanto di carmignano;
•Rosato di carmignano;
•Barco reale.
municipality
subzone
D.O.C.G.
D.O.C.
•Alta valle della greve;
•Colli della toscana centrale;
•Toscano o toscana nelle tipologie:
bianco, bianco frizzante, rosso,
rosso novello, rosato.
I.G.T.
TABLE WINE
zone (vine)
zone (vine)
vine + zone
colour
V
d
T
Chemical analysis and organoleptic
exam through sample probing
• CHEMICAL-PHYSICAL ANALYSIS:
Values in line with product specifications
• ORGANOLEPTIC EXAMINATION:
 Colour (sight),
Perfume (smell),
Flavour (taste),
CAMERA DI COMMERCIO, INDUSTRIA, ARTIGIANATO E AGRICOLTURA DI FIRENZE
SEGRETERIA COMMISSIONI DEGUSTAZIONE VINO DOC E DOCG
CERTIFICATO DI ANALISI ORGANOLETTICA DEI VINI DOC E DOCG
Pomino Rosso
 Colli Etruria Centrale Bianco 
 Chianti Classico
 Chianti
 Chianti Rufina
 Chianti Colli Fiorentini
 Chianti Montalbano
 Chianti Montespertoli
 Chianti Superiore
 Vin Santo del Chianti
 Vin Santo del Chianti
Classico
ESAME
ALLA VISTA
Pomino Bianco
Pomino Vin Santo
 Colli Etruria Centrale Rosso
 Colli Etruria Centrale Rosato
 Colli Etruria Centrale Vin
Bianco dell’empolese
Bianco dell’empolese
Vin Santo
Santo
GIUDIZIO
 IDONEO
 RIVEDIBILE
 NON IDONEO



 Riserva
NATURA (FACOLTATIVA)
DIFETTI
OSSERVAZIONI E CAUSE
 Biologica
 Chimico – fisica
 Accidentale
 Congenita
 Alterazione limpidezza
 Alterazione tonalità
 Eccesso di colore
 Carenza di colore
 Difetto di CO2 (Solo spumanti
e frizzanti)
ALL’OLFATTO
AL GUSTO
GIUDIZIO:
 IDONEO
 RIVEDIBILE
 NON IDONEO
 IDONEO
 RIVEDIBILE
 NON IDONEO
IDONEO
 Evanescenza
 Biologica
 Chimico – fisica
 Accidentale
 Congenita
 Evidenza di anomalia
 Evidenza di squilibrio
 Carenza di caratteri specifici
 Evanescenza
 Biologica
 Chimico – fisica
 Accidentale
 Congenita
 Evidenza di anomalia
 Evidenza di squilibrio
 Carenza di caratteri specifici
RIVEDIBILE
NON IDONEO
OSSERVAZIONI E CONSIGLI: _______________________________________________________________________________________
CAMPIONE N.
ANNATA
DATA ESAME
COMMISSIONE N.
IL PRESIDENTE___________________
IL SEGRETARIO___________________
The Florence Chamber of Commerce promotes
(domestic and international market) and
certificates agriculture products also through
its special agencies:
• Promofirenze
• Laboratorio Chimico Merceologico