La formazione del plurale
e
Gli articoli italiani
determinativi e indeterminativi
Punto di partenza
Il nome, i nomi
A noun is a word that identifies a person, animal, place,
thing, or idea. As in English, Italian nouns are singular or
plural. All Italian nouns also have gender, even those that
refer to objects; they are either masculine or feminine.
© 2016 by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
1A.1-2
•
Nouns that refer to males are usually masculine, and
those that refer to females are usually feminine. One
exception is persona (person), a feminine noun that
can refer to a man or a woman.
masculine
feminine
amico
(male) friend
amica
(female) friend
attore
actor
attrice
actress
studente
(male) student
maschile
1A.1-3 © 2016 by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
studentessa
(female) student
femminile
 Usually, nouns that end in -o are masculine, and nouns
that end in -a are feminine.
masculine
feminine
libro
book
casa
tạvolo
table
domanda
ufficio
office
idea
maschile
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house
question
idea
femminile
1A.1-4
 Nouns that end in -e may be either masculine or
feminine. Memorize the gender of these nouns as you
learn them.
masculine
esame
ristorante
exam
restaurant
maschile
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feminine
automọbile
notte
car
night
femminile
1A.1-5
 Nouns ending in a consonant or -ore are masculine,
and nouns ending in -ione are feminine.
masculine
ạutobus
computer
dottore
bus
computer
(male) doctor
maschile
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feminine
lezione
lesson
stazione
station
televisione
television
femminile
1A.1-6
 To form the plural of most Italian nouns, you need to
change the final vowel. The masculine ending -o
becomes -i, and the feminine ending -a becomes -e.
Regardless of gender, singular nouns ending in -e
change the vowel to -i to form the plural.
singular
ragazzo
masculine
feminine
ristorante
donna
notte
boy
restaurant
woman
night
singolare
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plural
ragazzi
ristoranti
donne
notti
boys
restaurants
women
nights
plurale
1A.1-7
 When referring to an all-male group or a mixed group
of males and females, use the masculine plural form.
gli amici
the (male and female) friends
gli studenti
the (male and female) students
Sessista,
non è vero??
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1A.1-8
 To form the plural of most nouns ending in -co, -ca,
-go, and -ga, add an h in order to maintain the hard
c or g sound. One exception is amico, which
becomes amici.
NOT –chi as expected !
singular
albergo
amica
plural
hotel
alberghi
hotels
friend
amiche
friends
singolare
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plurale
1A.1-9
 Shortened nouns and nouns that end in a consonant
or accented vowel do not change from the singular
to the plural.
singular
una foto
a photo
plural
due foto
un ạutobus
a bus
due ạutobus
un caffè
coffee
due caffè
singolare
two photos
two buses
two coffees
plurale
(Foto is shortened from fotografia.)
© 2016 by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
1A.1-10
Provalo!
singolare
indicazione
quaderno
foto
categoria
gatto
cane
film
cantatore
albergo
formica
amico
risultato
plurale
indicazioni
quaderni
foto
categorie
gatti
cani
film
cantatori
alberghi
formiche
amici
risultati
singolare
piacere
bacio
autobus
lettera
accento
ragazza
dottore
personaggio
saluto
ruga
caffè
professoressa
plurale
piaceri
baci
autobus
lettere
accenti
ragazze
dottori
personaggi
saluti
rughe
caffè
professoresse
Articles
(l’articolo indeterminativo)
 The indefinite article refers to an unspecified person or
thing and corresponds to the English a/an.
before . . .
masculine
s-impura
z or s + consonant
a vowel or other consonants
feminine
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a vowel
a consonant
uno studente a student
un uomo a man
un’idea an idea
una città a city
1A.1-12
• The definite article (the) indicates a specific person
or thing.
(l’articolo determinativo)
singular
before . . .
masculine
feminine
plural
a vowel
l’autore
the author
gli autori
the authors
z or s + consonant
lo sport
the sport
gli sport
the sports
other consonants
il libro
the book
i libri
the books
a vowel
l’amica
the friend
le amiche
the friends
a consonant
la casa
the house
le case
the houses
(z, s-impura)
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Maschile (masculine) or femminile (feminine)?
maschile
1. ragazzo ______________
6. notte ______________
femminile
maschile
2. ufficio ______________
7. computer ______________
maschile
femminile
3. attrice ______________
femminile
8. stazione ______________
maschile
4. caffè __________
femminile
9. idea __________
maschile
5. dottore __________
1A.1-14© 2016 by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
maschile
10. studente __________
Maschile
Scrivi
l’articolo
(masculine)
indeterminativo!
or femminile (feminine)?
un ragazzo
1. ragazzo ______________
6. notte ______________
una notte
un ufficio
2. ufficio ______________
7. computer ______________
un computer
un’attrice
3. attrice ______________
una stazione
8. stazione ______________
un caffè
4. caffè __________
un’idea
9. idea __________
un dottore
5. dottore __________
1A.1-15© 2016 by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
uno studente
10. studente __________
Maschile
Scrivi
l’articolo
(masculine)
determinativo!
or femminile (feminine)?
il ragazzo
1. ragazzo ______________
6. notte ______________
la notte
l’ufficio
2. ufficio ______________
7. computer ______________
il computer
l’attrice
3. attrice ______________
la stazione
8. stazione ______________
il caffè
4. caffè __________
l’idea
9. idea __________
il dottore
5. dottore __________
1A.1-16© 2016 by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
lo studente
10. studente __________
Maschile
Scrivi
al plurale!
(masculine) or femminile (feminine)?
i ragazzi
1. ragazzo ______________
6. notte ______________
le notti
gli uffici
2. ufficio ______________
7. computer ______________
i computer
le attrici
3. attrice ______________
le stazioni
8. stazione ______________
i caffè
4. caffè __________
le idee
9. idea __________
i dottori
5. dottore __________
1A.1-17© 2016 by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
gli studenti
10. studente __________
Bravissimo!