ENTE PER LE NUOVE TECNOLOGIE L’ENERGIA E L’AMBIENTE
Tecnologie informatiche per la gestione di
infrastrutture complesse
Sandro Bologna - ENEA
XVIII Settimana della Cultura Scientifica
Casaccia 5 marzo 2008
Il Mondo Reale è una Rete di Reti
Oil and Gas
Electric
Banking and
Finance
Water
Internet
Core
Transportation
Government
Services
Emergency
Services
Telecommunications
2
Esempi di Grandi Reti Tecnologiche
– Energia (rete di olio e gas,
rete elettrica, …)
– Informazione &
Comunicazione (reti
informatiche e di
telecomunicazione
– Trasporto (reti stradali,
aeree, navali, ferroviarie,….)
– Servizi (reti idriche,
sanitarie,..)
Mutato contesto socio-economico
Financial Services
Telecommunication
Health Care
Public Utilities
Infrastrutture verticalmente
integrate. Sistemi
praticamente autonomi con
limitati punti di contatto con
le altre infrastrutture
Infrastrutture fortemente
integrate ed
interdipendenti che si
basano su un ambiente
condiviso
Rete UCTE di Trasmissine Elettrica Europea
The UCTE
System:
2100 Twh
delivered
to 400 ML
people
Black out italiano 2003
Pre-incident
network in
n-1 secure
state
Albero degli Eventi del Black-out
Italiano 2003 (Rapporto UCTE)
Island
operations
fails due to
unit tripping
1-2 minutes
24 minutes
ITALY BLACK- OUT
2003
Definizione UCTE delle Regioni interessate dal
Black-out del 4 Novembre 2006
Albero degli Eventi del Black-out US-CANADA 2003
Crisi del Gas inverno 2006
Una visione d’insieme della Rete Europea
Black-out Telecom gennaio 2004
Modello a strati di una Infrastruttura Critica altamente
Informatizzata
Strato
Organizzativo
Rete elettrica
Intra-dipendenze
Strato
Informativo
Inter-dipendenze
Strato
Fisico
Generica
Infrastruttura
Informatizzata
Rete
telecomunicazione
pubblica
Rete trasporto
Olio/Gas
The Italian high-voltage
transmission line (380 kv)
with 127 nodes and 342
edges
(V. Rosato et al, 2004)
(V. Latora et al, 2004)
The italian 380kV power grid with the most vulnerable edge (in black), the most
Vulnerable triple of edges (double-lined) and the edge that, if added to the network
Improves the performance of the system best (dashed blue line).
Current electrical network from source-to-sink
Generation
Transport
Distribution
Loads
The primary aim of an electricity supply system is to meet the customer’s demands for energy
(in sufficient quantity and quality, at the required time and at an acceptable price)
Current Structure of the Electrical System in Europe
Transmission
National /
International
Subtransmission
Regional
Distribution
System
Low Voltage
Current Electrical Network Management
National Control Center
TCI
Optical Fibre
Regional Control Center
MUX
RTU
RTU
RTU
1st revolution: Open Energy Market
Subsidiary
kWh

Change of energy market
environment, e.g.
globalization, competition

Business process optimization,
e.g. new communication
channels, Web

Pressure on prices and cost together
with the trend to more automation

Increased value of information,
especially with regard to real-time
information

Stronger customer focus

Technology innovation
Trader
Distribution Business
company
processes
Service
provider
Transmission
company
Communication
Local
generation
Generation
company
Power
exchange
Growing Interdependencies between Electrical and
Telecommunication Systems in the Open Energy Market
Operational Planning
Real time Control
Energy Management
System
Operator
Generators
Transmission System
IPP
Market
Operator
Trading
Companies
Distribution Systems
Private Communications Network
Public Communications Network
Qualified
Clients
Clients
2nd revolution: Distributed Generation
The increasing diffusion of Distributed Generation (DG)
makes the distribution networks to evolve:
 from a mainly passive structure,
 toward an active model, very similar to the current
transmission networks
Schematizzazione dell’evoluzione del Sistema
Elettrico
Integrated infrastructures for active network operation
DSO 2
DSO 1
Meter
TSO
Microgrid
G2
DGop 2
Meter
Communication
network
Gx
DGop n
Gy
Communicati
on control
local area 3
storage
G3
Communicatio
n control
local area 2
storage
Demand response
DSO n
Demand response Microgrid
DGop 1
Power grid
Communicati
on control
local area 1
Meter
G1
storage
Information
Communication
control
Bulk gen.
Power flow
Microgrid
Demand response
TESTBED ENEA DI PROVA DELLA TECNOLOGIA SAFEGUARD
PIATTAFORMA ENEA DI PROVA DELLA TECNOLOGIA
SAFEGUARD
Piattaforma ENEA per la realizzazione di un Centro
Nazionale di Analisi e Simulazione delle Reti e delle
loro Interdipendenze
WEB
ICA
User programs & commercial code
Graphic User Interface
LSF multi-cluster as integrator
Load LevelerTelnet
LSF
WEB
WEB
ICA
ICA
Cluster 5° ( Portici)
Graphic User Interface
Load Leveler
Telnet
User programs & commercial code
Graphic User Interface
LSF multi-cluster as integrator
LSF
Load Leveler
& File System
Telnet
LSF
AFS Geographical cross platform& File System
Cluster 6° ( Brindisi)
WEB
Cluster 2° (Casaccia)
ICA
WEB
ICA
WEB
User programs & commercial code
Graphic User Interface
LSF multi-cluster as integrator
Load Leveler
Telnet
LSF
AFS Geographical cross platform& File System
User programs & commercial code
Graphic User Interface
LSF multi-cluster as integrator
Load Leveler
Telnet
LSF
AFS Geographical cross platform& File System
ICA
User programs & commercial code
Graphic User Interface
LSF multi-cluster as integrator
Load Leveler
Telnet
LSF
AFS Geographical cross platform& File System
Cluster 1° ( Bologna)
Cluster 3° (Frascati)
Cluster 4° (Trisaia )
Prototipo ENEA di un Centro Nazionale di Analisi e
Simulazione delle Reti e delle loro Interdipendenze –
Modello Società
ad Agenti
Simulatore
Rete Elettrica
Simulatore
Rete Telecom.
CRESCO middleware
GRID layer
Modello Entità
Risorse
Lettura consigliata
Il Medioevo Prossimo Venturo
Autore: Roberto Vaccca
Editore: Arnaldo Mondadori
Anno di pubblicazione: 1971
Nuova edizione on line con Note Retrospettive a ogni
capitolo che illustrano come la situazione sia cambiata negli
ultimi 30 anni
http://www.printandread.com/index2.html