CNR IAMC - Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino Costiero Messina, Italy Università degli Studi di Messina Basin Description State of the Art April 2003 Bannock Discovery L’Atalante Urania West Urania East Br (mmol) Li (umol) Sr (umol) B (mmol) SO4 (mmol) Ca (mmol) Mg (mmol) K (mmol) Na (mmol) Cl (mmol) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 3380dbar Reaction Eh (V) G Reduction of O2 + O2> - O2 + 4H +4e --> 2H2O +0.812 -29,9 +0.747 -28,4 +0.526 -23.3 MnO2> -0.047 -10.1 (FeOH)3> -0.221 -5.9 SO42-> -0.244 -5.6 CO2 - Reduction of NO3 NO3>3380dbar 4+ Reduction of Mn + - 2+ MnO2 + 4H + 2e --> Mn +2H2O Reduction of Fe 3+ Fe(OH)3 + 3H+ + e- --> Fe2+ +3H2O 2- Reduction of SO4 2- + - SO4 + 10H + 8e --> H2S + 4H2O Reduction of CO2 + - CO2 + 8H + 8e --> CH4 + 2H2O DECREASING ENERGY YIELD 2NO3- + 6H+ + 6e- --> N2 + 3H2O O2> Eh + 0.812 dG – 29.9 Oxygen 3380dbar (CH2O)106(NH3)16(H3PO4) + 138O2 106CO2 + 16HNO3 + H3PO4 + 122H2O Nitrate NO3> Eh + 0.747 dG – 28.4 3380dbar (CH2O)106(NH3)16(H3PO4) + 94.4HNO3 106CO2 + 42.2 N2 + 16NH3 Manganese MnO2> EH + 0.526 dG – 23.3 Barium MnO2 Oxic Ba++ (solid) 3380dbar Mn2+ Anoxic (Dissolved) Ba++ 236MnO2 + (CH2O)106(NH3)16(H3PO4) + 364 CO2 + 104 H2O 470 HCO3- + 8N2 + 236Mn2+ HPO42- Fe2O3 + (CH2O)106(NH3)16(H3PO4) + 740 CO2 + 316 H2O 846 HCO3- + 424 Fe2+ 16NH3 + 8N2 + HPO42- (FeOH)3> Eh –0.047 dG –10.1 3380dbar Sulphate Sulphide Sulphur SO42-> Eh - 0.221 dG – 5.9 3380dbar SO42- + (CH2O)106(NH3)16(H3PO4) 39 CO2 + 67HCO3- + 16NH4+ + 53HS- + 39H2O + HPO42- CO2 + H2O + CaCO3 Ca2+ +2HCO3- CO2 EH – 0.224 dG – 5.6 3380dbar Mg K Cl Na 3380dbar 3380dbar NH2OH + H2O NO + 5H+ + 4e3380dbar Jetten 2002 Very different is the situation about the Discovery basin where the dissolution of the evaporite is just coming and where this young basin (about 2000 years ago) is filled of an homogeneous body brine with a very high concentration of magnesium chloride coming from the going bishofite dissolution (Wallmann, Nature 1997) The Discovery basin, where the dissolution of the evaporites is still going, and at date is envolving principally the bishofite, could be a start point of a just not living environment where the high magnesium chloride concentration avoid every kind of life locking the biotic degradation of organic compounds by microbial or esoenzimatic activity(ref). It is probably waiting for the complete dissolution of the evaporites to reach a liveble (vivibile?) environment. Methanococ 204Meth ja 138Microth 103Cytopha Cytophaga 146Rikenel 104Cytopha 102Cytopha 5Bacillus 130Hyphomo 149Sphingo OceanspPus RhodsRub 147Silicib RoseobacLi SymbiontAl 164Thiomic 8Cand Arco ArcoButzl 4Arcobac c 115Desulfo 116Desulfo 125Geobact 133Malonom 123Desulfu 3Anaeromyx 111Desulfo 114Desulfo 112Desulfo 107Deferri 118Desulfo 120Desulfo 163Thiobac 167Thioplo 162Thiobac Gallionell 132Legione 6Bathymodi 106Dechlor 161Thialka 1Alka mob 166Thiomic 2Alterom m Slope stra 201Vibrio 128Halomon 129Halomon Halomonasm HalomVar 144Pseudom 145Pseudom 143Pseudom PseudomMen PseudPsedu MarAqueoli MarHydocbc Marinobact Alteromona 137Marinob 136Marinob 202AlkVenu FundJad PetroleumD AlkBkm 141Pirellu 140Nitrosp 203Thermot Thermotoga CFB AlfaPB EpsilonPB DeltaPB GammaPB 0.1 Thermatogales CUBE MODEL • • • • • • Deep Salinity Oxigen concentration RedOx Potential Methabolisms Phylogenetic association Species 7A.LI B 64 2A.LI B 88 CLaquaticFormNullarborCavesAU UncUBA347051 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424318 2A.LI B 82 UncPlanctomyceteAF424463 MarSnowAssCLagg27-L10943 UncBacAF328191 PIRULELLAsp PLANCTOMYCESsp UncPlanctomyceteAF424462 CLdeep-seaSedAB015544 UncCraterLakeAF316766 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424490 UncPlanctomyceteAF513966 SphingomonasMBIC3990 SPHINGOMONASyanoikuyaeX94099 1A.LI B 107 UncAlphaAF348719 ACIDOCELLAspX91797 CLSAR193 UncAlphaAY033309 HYPHOMONASjohnsonii SILICIBACTERlacuscaerulensisU7 strNKB7 CLDeepSeaSedToyamaBayAB077340 CLcoldMarineSedimentAJ240997 1A.LI B 14 0.04 0.02 xxx Pmy 1 1A.BB B 28 2A.BB B 47 UncCraterLakeAF316766 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424490 UncPlanctomyceteAF513966 CLdeep-seaSedAB015544 UncPlanctomyceteAF424462 PIRULELLAsp 1A.BB B 107 PLANCTOMYCESsp UncBacAF328191 1A.BB B 34 1A.BB B 55 MarSnowAssCLagg27-L10943 UncPlanctomyceteAF424463 2A.BB B 56 2A.BB B 96 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 Pmy 1 0.00 CLsulfateRedConAF029039 IsolAustOilAJ011042 UncBacteroidBacteriumAY133094 6A.BB B 23 CLColdMarineSedAJ240979 CYTOPHAGAsp.UncAJ240979 1A.BB B 74 CytophagaAB015525 CYTOPHAGAsp.AB015525 CLsulfaRedConAF029041 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142822 CLAntMarLakeAF142822 CYTOPHAGAfermentansATCC19072 CYTOPHAGAfermentasATCC19072 CPHfermentans19072 CLHypersalineAlkalineLakeAF507 1A.BB B 1 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142901 CLAntMarLakeAF142901 1A.BB B 88 1A.BB B 31 3A.BB B 15 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 CFB -- Oxigen -- Facultative -- Iron -- Sulfate -- Methane Planctomycetales 1 7A.LI B 64 2A.LI B 88 CLaquaticFormNullarborCavesAU UncUBA347051 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424318 2A.LI B 82 UncPlanctomyceteAF424463 MarSnowAssCLagg27-L10943 UncBacAF328191 PIRULELLAsp PLANCTOMYCESsp UncPlanctomyceteAF424462 CLdeep-seaSedAB015544 UncCraterLakeAF316766 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424490 UncPlanctomyceteAF513966 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 XXX SphingomonasMBIC3990 SPHINGOMONASyanoikuyaeX94099 1A.LI B 107 UncAlphaAF348719 ACIDOCELLAspX91797 CLSAR193 UncAlphaAY033309 HYPHOMONASjohnsonii SILICIBACTERlacuscaerulensisU7 strNKB7 CLDeepSeaSedToyamaBayAB077340 CLcoldMarineSedimentAJ240997 1A.LI B 14 0.04 0.02 0.00 Cytophagales CLsulfateRedConAF029039 IsolAustOilAJ011042 UncBacteroidBacteriumAY133094 6A.BB B 23 CLColdMarineSedAJ240979 CYTOPHAGAsp.UncAJ240979 1A.BB B 74 CytophagaAB015525 CYTOPHAGAsp.AB015525 CLsulfaRedConAF029041 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142822 CLAntMarLakeAF142822 CYTOPHAGAfermentansATCC19072 CYTOPHAGAfermentasATCC19072 CPHfermentans19072 CLHypersalineAlkalineLakeAF507 1A.BB B 1 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142901 CLAntMarLakeAF142901 1A.BB B 88 1A.BB B 31 3A.BB B 15 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 Plancotmycetales 2 1A.BB B 28 2A.BB B 47 UncCraterLakeAF316766 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424490 UncPlanctomyceteAF513966 CLdeep-seaSedAB015544 UncPlanctomyceteAF424462 PIRULELLAsp 1A.BB B 107 PLANCTOMYCESsp UncBacAF328191 1A.BB B 34 1A.BB B 55 MarSnowAssCLagg27-L10943 UncPlanctomyceteAF424463 2A.BB B 56 2A.BB B 96 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 Species 7A.LI B 64 2A.LI B 88 CLaquaticFormNullarborCavesAU UncUBA347051 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424318 2A.LI B 82 UncPlanctomyceteAF424463 CandidatusARCOBACTERsulfidicus MarSnowAssCLagg27-L10943 3A.LI B 70 UncBacAF328191 PIRULELLAsp STRJTB360 PLANCTOMYCESsp ARCOBACTERcryaerophilusCCUG178 UncPlanctomyceteAF424462 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424297 CLdeep-seaSedAB015544 THIOMICROSPIRAdenitrificansDSM UncCraterLakeAF316766 CLSB-17 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424490 STRNKB12 UncPlanctomyceteAF513966 0.06 SphingomonasMBIC3990 SPHINGOMONASyanoikuyaeX94099 1A.LI B 107 UncAlphaAF348719 ACIDOCELLAspX91797 CLSAR193 UncAlphaAY033309 HYPHOMONASjohnsonii SILICIBACTERlacuscaerulensisU7 strNKB7 CLDeepSeaSedToyamaBayAB077340 CLcoldMarineSedimentAJ240997 1A.LI B 14 ALKALISPIRILLUMmobilisAF114783 ThialkalivibrioDenitrifAF12654 UncGammaAF424060 1A.LI B 81 0.04 0.02 0.00 ECTOTHIORHODOSPIRAAF084511 strBD3-6 ThioplocaSp.Lake UncGammaAF424171 UncBacAF224804 Clhydrocarbon+seep+sediment CLhydrocarbonSeepSedAF154091 1A.LI B 41 ClanoxicZoneCariacoBasinAF2248 CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224803 0.04 0.02 0.00 Pmy SOB1 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.025 0.020 0.015 0.010 0.005 0.000 xxx SOB2 CLBacterioplArctOcAF355046 CLbacterioplArctOcAF355047 1A.LI B 11 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424332 CLbacterioplankonAF001653 UncEubAB16-AF275926 2A.LI B 36 5A.LI B 90 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142828 CLHypersLakeLaysanHW-AF513964 DeinococcusRadiopugnansATCC191 CLchlorobenzeneCont.Groundwate DEHALOCOCCOIDESethenogenesAF00 CLsulfateRedConAF029039 CLt06f IsolAustOilAJ011042 CLACE-22 UncVerrucomicrobiaAF424514 UncBacteroidBacteriumAY133094 CLAnoxicMarineSedAY114335 6A.BB B 23 CLanoxicMarineSediment CLColdMarineSedAJ240979 1A.LI B 68 CYTOPHAGAsp.UncAJ240979 UncBacAF275917 1A.BB B 74 CLdeep-seaSedAB015533 CytophagaAB015525 CLvadinBE97 CYTOPHAGAsp.AB015525 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 DCC CLsulfaRedConAF029041 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142822 CLAntMarLakeAF142822 CYTOPHAGAfermentansATCC19072 CYTOPHAGAfermentasATCC19072 CPHfermentans19072 CLHypersalineAlkalineLakeAF507 1A.BB B 1 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142901 CLAntMarLakeAF142901 1A.BB B 88 1A.BB B 31 3A.BB B 15 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 1A.BB B 86 CLSAR193 UncAlphaAY033309 ACIDOCELLAspX91797 UncAlphaAF348719 SphingomonasMBIC3990 SPHINGOMONASyanoikuyaeX94099 HYPHOMONASjohnsonii SILICIBACTERlacuscaerulensisU7 strNKB7 CLDeepSeaSedToyamaBayAB077340 CLcoldMarineSedimentAJ240997 2A.BB B 43 CandidatusARCOBACTERsulfidicus 20A.BB B 16 STRJTB360 ARCOBACTERcryaerophilusCCUG178 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424297 THIOMICROSPIRAdenitrificansDSM 1A.BB B 92 CLSB-17 STRNKB12 UncBacAF224804 ClanoxicZoneCariacoBasinAF2248 CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224803 Clhydrocarbon+seep+sediment CLhydrocarbonSeepSedAF154091 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 SOB3 CFB 1A.BB+A+110 6A.BB+A+15 37A.BB+A+35 12A.BB+A+14 1A.BB+A+54 1A.BB+A+97 27A.BB+A+76 1A.BB+A+49 CLAfrGM CLAfrGoldMine3 CLAfrGoldMine1 UncArcSAGMA-G CLAfrGoldmine CLAfrGoldMine2 UncArcSAGMA-R Thermococcus mexicalis Termococcus waiotapuense Methanococcus infernus UncArcAF356638 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 TCC -- Oxigen -- Facultative -- Iron -- Sulfate -- Methane Sulphide oxidizing bacteria 1 CandidatusARCOBACTERsulfidicus 3A.LI B 70 STRJTB360 ARCOBACTERcryaerophilusCCUG178 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424297 THIOMICROSPIRAdenitrificansDSM CLSB-17 STRNKB12 UncBacAF224804 Clhydrocarbon+seep+sediment CLhydrocarbonSeepSedAF154091 1A.LI B 41 ClanoxicZoneCariacoBasinAF2248 CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224803 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 Sulphide oxidizing bacteria 2 ALKALISPIRILLUMmobilisAF114783 ThialkalivibrioDenitrifAF12654 UncGammaAF424060 1A.LI B 81 ECTOTHIORHODOSPIRAAF084511 strBD3-6 ThioplocaSp.Lake UncGammaAF424171 0.025 0.020 0.015 0.010 0.005 0.000 Deinecococcoides CLBacterioplArctOcAF355046 CLbacterioplArctOcAF355047 1A.LI B 11 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424332 CLbacterioplankonAF001653 UncEubAB16-AF275926 2A.LI B 36 5A.LI B 90 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142828 CLHypersLakeLaysanHW-AF513964 DeinococcusRadiopugnansATCC191 CLchlorobenzeneCont.Groundwate DEHALOCOCCOIDESethenogenesAF00 CLt06f CLACE-22 UncVerrucomicrobiaAF424514 CLAnoxicMarineSedAY114335 CLanoxicMarineSediment 1A.LI B 68 UncBacAF275917 CLdeep-seaSedAB015533 CLvadinBE97 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 Sulfide oxidizing bacteria 3 1A.BB B 86 CLSAR193 UncAlphaAY033309 ACIDOCELLAspX91797 UncAlphaAF348719 SphingomonasMBIC3990 SPHINGOMONASyanoikuyaeX94099 HYPHOMONASjohnsonii SILICIBACTERlacuscaerulensisU7 strNKB7 CLDeepSeaSedToyamaBayAB077340 CLcoldMarineSedimentAJ240997 2A.BB B 43 CandidatusARCOBACTERsulfidicus 20A.BB B 16 STRJTB360 ARCOBACTERcryaerophilusCCUG178 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424297 THIOMICROSPIRAdenitrificansDSM 1A.BB B 92 CLSB-17 STRNKB12 UncBacAF224804 ClanoxicZoneCariacoBasinAF2248 CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224803 Clhydrocarbon+seep+sediment CLhydrocarbonSeepSedAF154091 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 Sulfur reducing ARCHEA 1A.BB+A+110 6A.BB+A+15 37A.BB+A+35 12A.BB+A+14 1A.BB+A+54 1A.BB+A+97 27A.BB+A+76 1A.BB+A+49 CLAfrGM CLAfrGoldMine3 CLAfrGoldMine1 UncArcSAGMA-G CLAfrGoldmine CLAfrGoldMine2 UncArcSAGMA-R Thermococcus mexicalis Termococcus waiotapuense Methanococcus infernus UncArcAF356638 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 Species CandidatusARCOBACTERsulfidicus 3A.LI B 70 STRJTB360 ARCOBACTERcryaerophilusCCUG178 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424297 THIOMICROSPIRAdenitrificansDSM CLSB-17 STRNKB12 UncBacAF224804 Clhydrocarbon+seep+sediment CLhydrocarbonSeepSedAF154091 1A.LI B 41 ClanoxicZoneCariacoBasinAF2248 CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224803 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 SOB1 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 7A.LI B 64 2A.LI B 88 CLaquaticFormNullarborCavesAU UncUBA347051 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424318 2A.LI B 82 UncPlanctomyceteAF424463 MarSnowAssCLagg27-L10943 UncBacAF328191 PIRULELLAsp PLANCTOMYCESsp UncPlanctomyceteAF424462 CLdeep-seaSedAB015544 UncCraterLakeAF316766 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424490 UncPlanctomyceteAF513966 0.06 0.04 0.02 SphingomonasMBIC3990 SPHINGOMONASyanoikuyaeX94099 1A.LI B 107 UncAlphaAF348719 ACIDOCELLAspX91797 CLSAR193 UncAlphaAY033309 HYPHOMONASjohnsonii SILICIBACTERlacuscaerulensisU7 strNKB7 CLDeepSeaSedToyamaBayAB077340 CLcoldMarineSedimentAJ240997 1A.LI B 14 ALKALISPIRILLUMmobilisAF114783 ThialkalivibrioDenitrifAF12654 UncGammaAF424060 1A.LI B 81 0.04 0.02 0.00 ECTOTHIORHODOSPIRAAF084511 strBD3-6 ThioplocaSp.Lake UncGammaAF424171 DEFERRIBACTERthermophilusU7560 0.00 Pmy SOB2 0.06 CLBacterioplArctOcAF355046 CLbacterioplArctOcAF355047 1A.LI B 11 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424332 CLbacterioplankonAF001653 UncEubAB16-AF275926 2A.LI B 36 5A.LI B 90 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142828 CLHypersLakeLaysanHW-AF513964 DeinococcusRadiopugnansATCC191 CLchlorobenzeneCont.Groundwate DEHALOCOCCOIDESethenogenesAF00 CLt06f CLACE-22 UncVerrucomicrobiaAF424514 CLAnoxicMarineSedAY114335 CLanoxicMarineSediment 1A.LI B 68 UncBacAF275917 CLdeep-seaSedAB015533 CLvadinBE97 0.04 0.02 DICTYOGLOMUSthermophilumX69194 CLGulfMexGasHydratesAY053495 CLGulfMexicoGasHydratesAY05349 7A.LI B 30 1A.LI B 4 3A.LI B 37 CLKTK32 CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347770 CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347770 0.00 IOB2 0.06 xxx CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224796 1A.LI B 19 0.0250.0200.0150.0100.0050.000 ClColdmarineSedAJ240985 THIOBACILLUSferrooxidans UncDeltaAF348719 0.04 0.02 0.00 IOB3 CLsulfateRedConAF029039 IsolAustOilAJ011042 UncBacteroidBacteriumAY133094 6A.BB B 23 CLColdMarineSedAJ240979 CYTOPHAGAsp.UncAJ240979 1A.BB B 74 CytophagaAB015525 CYTOPHAGAsp.AB015525 CLsulfaRedConAF029041 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142822 CLAntMarLakeAF142822 CYTOPHAGAfermentansATCC19072 CYTOPHAGAfermentasATCC19072 CPHfermentans19072 CLHypersalineAlkalineLakeAF507 1A.BB B 1 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142901 CLAntMarLakeAF142901 1A.BB B 88 1A.BB B 31 3A.BB B 15 0.00 DCC 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 CFB 1A.BB B 86 CLSAR193 UncAlphaAY033309 ACIDOCELLAspX91797 UncAlphaAF348719 SphingomonasMBIC3990 SPHINGOMONASyanoikuyaeX94099 HYPHOMONASjohnsonii SILICIBACTERlacuscaerulensisU7 strNKB7 CLDeepSeaSedToyamaBayAB077340 CLcoldMarineSedimentAJ240997 2A.BB B 43 CandidatusARCOBACTERsulfidicus 20A.BB B 16 STRJTB360 ARCOBACTERcryaerophilusCCUG178 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424297 THIOMICROSPIRAdenitrificansDSM 1A.BB B 92 CLSB-17 STRNKB12 UncBacAF224804 ClanoxicZoneCariacoBasinAF2248 CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224803 Clhydrocarbon+seep+sediment CLhydrocarbonSeepSedAF154091 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 DEFERRIBACTERthermophilusU7560 DICTYOGLOMUSthermophilumX69194 CLGulfMexGasHydratesAY053495 CLGulfMexicoGasHydratesAY05349 1A.BB B 18 5A.BB B 7 5A.BB B 20 CLKTK32 CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347770 CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347770 0.00 SOB3 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 IOB1 -- Oxigen -- Facultative -- Iron -- Sulfate -- Methane Iron Oxidizeing Bacteria 1 DEFERRIBACTERthermophilusU7560 DICTYOGLOMUSthermophilumX69194 CLGulfMexGasHydratesAY053495 CLGulfMexicoGasHydratesAY05349 1A.BB B 18 5A.BB B 7 5A.BB B 20 CLKTK32 CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347770 CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347770 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 Iron Oxidizeing Bacteria 2 CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224796 1A.LI B 19 ClColdmarineSedAJ240985 THIOBACILLUSferrooxidans UncDeltaAF348719 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 Iron Oxidizeing Bacteria 3 DEFERRIBACTERthermophilusU7560 DICTYOGLOMUSthermophilumX69194 CLGulfMexGasHydratesAY053495 CLGulfMexicoGasHydratesAY05349 7A.LI B 30 1A.LI B 4 3A.LI B 37 CLKTK32 CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347770 CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347770 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 Species CLAntarcMarLakeAF142849 SphingomonasMBIC3990 UncBacAF419688 SPHINGOMONASyanoikuyaeX94099 1A.LI B 107 UncCFBAF424351 UncAlphaAF348719 UncCFBAF424352 ACIDOCELLAspX91797 RIKENELLAmicrofususATCC29728 CLSAR193 UncAlphaAY033309 UncBacAF371922 ALKALISPIRILLUMmobilisAF114783 HYPHOMONASjohnsonii CLArctOcBactplanktonAF354617 SILICIBACTERlacuscaerulensisU7 CLsulfateRedConAF029039 ThialkalivibrioDenitrifAF12654 strNKB7 IsolAustOilAJ011042 CLDeepSeaSedToyamaBayAB077340 UncGammaAF424060 UncBacteroidBacteriumAY133094 CLcoldMarineSedimentAJ240997 2A.LI B 11A.LI B 14 1A.LI B 81 27 0.04 2A.LI 0.02 B0.00 ECTOTHIORHODOSPIRAAF084511 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142822 CLAntMarLakeAF142822 strBD3-6 CytophagaAB015525 CLhydrocarbonSeepSedAF154091 CYTOPHAGAsp.AB015525 ThioplocaSp.Lake 1A.LI B 41 ClanoxicZoneCariacoBasinAF2248 CLsulfaRedConAF029041 UncGammaAF424171 CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224803 DEFERRIBACTERthermophilusU7560 CLColdMarineSedAJ240979 CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224796 CYTOPHAGAsp.UncAJ240979 0.01 0.00 DICTYOGLOMUSthermophilumX69194 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142901 1A.LI B 19 0.0250.0200.0150.0100.0050.000 CLGulfMexGasHydratesAY053495 CLAntMarLakeAF142901 3A.LI B 86 ClColdmarineSedAJ240985 CLGulfMexicoGasHydratesAY05349 CLHypersalineAlkalineLakeAF507 7A.LI1A.LI B 30B 71 THIOBACILLUSferrooxidans CPHfermentans19072 1A.LI B4 CYTOPHAGAfermentansATCC19072 UncDeltaAF348719 CYTOPHAGAfermentasATCC19072 3A.LI B 37 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142866 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 CLKTK32 0.00 CLAntarctic+maritime 0.02 0.01 0.00 CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347770 4A.LI B 16 CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347770 CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347761 CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347761 19A.LI B 50 11A.LI B 94 CLsaltmarsh CL+Delta CLdeltaProteobacteriaAY083025 1A.LI B 54 DESULFOMONASlimnicolaDSM2076 CandidatusARCOBACTERsulfidicus UncDeltaAF513951 STRHxd3 3A.LI B 70 DESULFOBACTERIUMindolicumAJ237 STRJTB360 DESULFOBOTULUS+U85470 ARCOBACTERcryaerophilusCCUG178 CLOil-GroundwaterAB074951 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424297 DESULFOTIGNUMbalticumAF418176 2A.LI B 61 THIOMICROSPIRAdenitrificansDSM DESULFOSPIRAjoergenseniiX99637 CLSB-17 CLCoastalAntarcticSedAY133462 STRNKB12 CLcoastalAntarcticSedimentAY13 UncBacAF224804 Desulfobacula+toluolica DESULFOBACULAtoluolicaAJ441316 Clhydrocarbon+seep+sediment 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 SRB1 SOB1 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 SOB2 CLFloodedRiceMicrocosmsAJ39046 THERMODESULFORHABDUSnorvegicus 0.06 0.04 IOB2 SRB2 0.03 0.02 0.02 xxx Pmy CLBacterioplArctOcAF355046 CLbacterioplArctOcAF355047 1A.LI B 11 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424332 CLbacterioplankonAF001653 UncEubAB16-AF275926 2A.LI B 36 5A.LI B 90 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142828 CLHypersLakeLaysanHW-AF513964 DeinococcusRadiopugnansATCC191 CLchlorobenzeneCont.Groundwate DEHALOCOCCOIDESethenogenesAF00 CLt06f CLACE-22 UncVerrucomicrobiaAF424514 CLAnoxicMarineSedAY114335 CLanoxicMarineSediment 1A.LI B 68 UncBacAF275917 CLdeep-seaSedAB015533 CLvadinBE97 0.04 0.06 7A.LI B 64 2A.LI B 88 CLaquaticFormNullarborCavesAU UncUBA347051 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424318 2A.LI B 82 UncPlanctomyceteAF424463 MarSnowAssCLagg27-L10943 UncBacAF328191 PIRULELLAsp PLANCTOMYCESsp UncPlanctomyceteAF424462 CLdeep-seaSedAB015544 UncCraterLakeAF316766 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424490 UncPlanctomyceteAF513966 0.01 0.00 DCC 1A.BB B 86 CLSAR193 UncAlphaAY033309 ACIDOCELLAspX91797 UncAlphaAF348719 SphingomonasMBIC3990 SPHINGOMONASyanoikuyaeX94099 HYPHOMONASjohnsonii SILICIBACTERlacuscaerulensisU7 strNKB7 CLDeepSeaSedToyamaBayAB077340 CLcoldMarineSedimentAJ240997 2A.BB B 43 CandidatusARCOBACTERsulfidicus 20A.BB B 16 STRJTB360 ARCOBACTERcryaerophilusCCUG178 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424297 THIOMICROSPIRAdenitrificansDSM 1A.BB B 92 CLbrineInterfaceSDeepAJ347756 CLSB-17 CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347756 STRNKB12 UncBacAF224804 21U.BB B 27ClanoxicZoneCariacoBasinAF2248 2A.BB B 33 CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224803 Clhydrocarbon+seep+sediment NEVSKIAramosaAJ001011 CLhydrocarbonSeepSedAF154091 0.020 0.015 0.0100.005 0.000 SRB4 CLCoastalAntarcticSedAY133462 CLcoastalAntarcticSedimentAY13 DESULFOSPIRAjoergenseniiX99637 Desulfobacula+toluolica DESULFOBACULAtoluolicaAJ441316 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 CFB 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.06 DEFERRIBACTERthermophilusU7560 DICTYOGLOMUSthermophilumX69194 CLGulfMexGasHydratesAY053495 CLGulfMexicoGasHydratesAY05349 1A.BB B 18 5A.BBCLAntarcMarLakeAF142866 B7 5A.BBCLAntarctic+maritime B 20 CLFloodedRiceMicrocosmsAJ39046 CLKTK32 Desulfohalobium+retbaense DESULFOHALOBIUMretbaenseX99235 CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347770 DESULFONATRIOVIBRIUMhydrognvrn CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347770 DESULFONATRONOVIBRIOhydrogenov 0.04RHODANOBACTERlindaniclastLMG18 0.02 0.00 SOB3 STENOTROPHOMONASmaltophilaAJ13 DESULFOBULBUSelongataDSM2908 DESULFOBULBUSrhabdoformisU1225 Desulfocapsa+sulfoexigens DESULFOFUSTISglycolicus 0.04 0.03 IOB1 SRB6 0.02 0.01 0.00 SRB5 STRLX1 0.08 0.00 CLsulfateRedConAF029039 IsolAustOilAJ011042 UncBacteroidBacteriumAY133094 6A.BB B 23 CLColdMarineSedAJ240979 CYTOPHAGAsp.UncAJ240979 1A.BB B 74 CytophagaAB015525 CYTOPHAGAsp.AB015525 CLsulfaRedConAF029041 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142822 CLAntMarLakeAF142822 CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347761 CYTOPHAGAfermentansATCC19072 CYTOPHAGAfermentasATCC19072 CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347761 CPHfermentans19072 1A.BB B 58 CLHypersalineAlkalineLakeAF507 CLsaltmarsh 1A.BB B 1 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142901 DESULFOBOTULUS+U85470 CLAntMarLakeAF142901 DESULFOTIGNUMbalticumAF418176 1A.BB B 88 1A.BB B 31 CLOil-GroundwaterAB074951 3A.BB B 15 4A.BB B 41 0.00 CL+Delta CLdeltaProteobacteriaAY083025 DESULFOMONASlimnicolaDSM2076 UncDeltaAF513951 5A.BB B 39 STRHxd3 DESULFOBACTERIUMindolicumAJ237 SRB3 IOB3 0.02 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 STRTD3 1A.BB B 4 1A.BB B 52 1A.BB B 90 1A.BB B 59 2A.BB B 78 0.00 SRB7 -- Oxigen -- Facultative -- Iron -- Sulfate -- Methane Sulphate reducing bacteria 1 CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347761 CLBrIntShabanDeep 19A.LI B 50 11A.LI B 94 CLsaltmarsh CL+Delta CLdeltaProteobacteriaAY083025 1A.LI B 54 DESULFOMONASlimnicolaDSM2076 UncDeltaAF513951 STRHxd3 DESULFOBACTERIUMindolicumAJ237 DESULFOBOTULUS+U85470 CLOil-GroundwaterAB074951 DESULFOTIGNUMbalticumAF418176 2A.LI B 61 DESULFOSPIRAjoergenseniiX99637 CLCoastalAntarcticSedAY133462 CLcoastalAntarcticSedimentAY13 Desulfobacula+toluolica DESULFOBACULAtoluolicaAJ441316 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 Sulphate reducing bacteria 2 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142866 CLAntarctic+maritime 4A.LI B 16 CLFloodedRiceMicrocosmsAJ39046 THERMODESULFORHABDUSnorvegicus 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 Sulphate reducing bacteria 3 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142849 UncBacAF419688 UncCFBAF424351 UncCFBAF424352 RIKENELLAmicrofususATCC29728 UncBacAF371922 CLArctOcBactplanktonAF354617 CLsulfateRedConAF029039 IsolAustOilAJ011042 UncBacteroidBacteriumAY133094 2A.LI B 1 2A.LI B 27 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142822 CLAntMarLakeAF142822 CytophagaAB015525 CYTOPHAGAsp.AB015525 CLsulfaRedConAF029041 CLColdMarineSedAJ240979 CYTOPHAGAsp.UncAJ240979 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142901 CLAntMarLakeAF142901 3A.LI B 86 CLHypersalineAlkalineLakeAF507 1A.LI B 71 CPHfermentans19072 CYTOPHAGAfermentansATCC19072 CYTOPHAGAfermentasATCC19072 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 Sulphate reducing bacteria 4 CL+Delta CLdeltaProteobacteriaAY083025 DESULFOMONASlimnicolaDSM2076 UncDeltaAF513951 5A.BB B 39 STRHxd3 DESULFOBACTERIUMindolicumAJ237 0.0200.0150.0100.0050.000 Sulphate reducing bacteria 5 CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347761 CLBrIntShabanDeep 1A.BB B 58 CLsaltmarsh DESULFOBOTULUS+U85470 DESULFOTIGNUMbalticumAF418176 CLOil-GroundwaterAB074951 4A.BB B 41 CLCoastalAntarcticSedAY133462 CLcoastalAntarcticSed DESULFOSPIRAjoergenseniiX99637 Desulfobacula+toluolica DESULFOBACULAtoluolicaAJ441316 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 Sulphate reducing bacteria 6 CLbrineInterfaceSDeepAJ347756 CLBrIntShabanDeep 21U.BB B 27 2A.BB B 33 NEVSKIAramosaAJ001011 STRLX1 RHODANOBACTERlindaniclastLMG18 STENOTROPHOMONASmaltophilaAJ13 DESULFOBULBUSelongataDSM2908 DESULFOBULBUSrhabdoformisU1225 Desulfocapsa+sulfoexigens DESULFOFUSTISglycolicus 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 Sulphate reducing bacteria 7 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142866 CLAntarctic+maritime CLFloodedRiceMicrocosmsAJ39046 Desulfohalobium+retbaense DESULFOHALOBIUMretbaenseX99235 DESULFONATRIOVIBRIUMhydrognvrn DESULFONATRONOVIBRIUM sp STRTD3 1A.BB B 4 1A.BB B 52 1A.BB B 90 1A.BB B 59 2A.BB B 78 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 Chemistry Methabolic limits Bacterial potentiality Basin Structure and Age 16S limits Possible Community Association Mathematic model