La macchina di
Von Neumann
Istruzioni assembler
Microprocessore Z80
mcp
1
CPU
Unità Logico
Aritmetica
BUS
Unità di
Controllo
MAR
MDR
Memoria
Centrale
BUS
BUS
Unità di
ingresso/uscita
Memoria di
Massa
mcp
2
CPU
Unità logico Aritmetica
o ALU
Unità di controllo
(Central Unit o CU
•
•
•
•
Instruction Register (IR)
Program Counter (PC)
Stack Pointer (SP)
Realizza il ciclo di
fetch-execute
• Circuito sommatore
• Circuito operazioni logiche
• Registro accumulatore
mcp
3
• Data Bus
BUS
• Address Bus
• Control Bus
mcp
Schema
4
Modello di Von Neumann
Address Bus
Unità di
ingresso
Unità di
memoria
CPU
Unità di
uscita
Control Bus
Data Bus
mcp
5
Start
MAR
Istruzioni da eseguire
LD A, 3
LD B, 5
ADD A,B
LD (10), A
End
PC
PC
PC+1
Legge in memoria
(all’indirizzo MAR)
IR
Fetch
MDR
Estrae la parte
‘Codice operativo’
del registro IR
Fase 2
Analizza il
codice operativo
Esecuzione
dell’istruzione
mcp
6
Address Bus
00
00 LD A
3
01
02 LD B
03
5
04 ADD A,B
05 LD ...A
06
(10)
07
Halt
08
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
IR
mcp
7
Address Bus
00
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
IR
mcp
8
Address Bus
00
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
IR
mcp
9
Address
00 Bus
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
IR
mcp
10
00 Bus
Address
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
IR
mcp
11
Address Bus
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
IR
mcp
12
Address Bus
01
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
IR
mcp
13
Address Bus
01
00
00 LD A
3
01
02 LD B
03
5
04 ADD A,B
05 LD ...A
06
(10)
07
Halt
08
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
IR
mcp
14
Address Bus
01
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LDAA
LD
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
IR
mcp
15
Address Bus
01
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
Data
LD A
3 LD A Bus
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
IR
mcp
16
Address Bus
01
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
Data
LD A
Bus
3
LD B
5
LD A
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
IR
mcp
17
Address Bus
01
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
LD A
Blocco
Logico
IR
mcp
18
Address Bus
01
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
IR
mcp
19
Address Bus
01
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
20
Address Bus
01
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
21
Address Bus
01
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
22
Address
01 Bus
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
23
Address Bus
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
24
Address Bus
02
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
25
Address Bus
02
00
01
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
26
Address Bus
02
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
33
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
27
Address Bus
02
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
28
Address Bus
02
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
3
PC
Registri
A
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
29
Address Bus
02
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Fase 3
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
30
Address Bus
02
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
31
Address Bus
02
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
32
Address
02 Bus
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
33
Address Bus
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
34
Address Bus
03
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
35
Address Bus
03
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
36
Address Bus
03
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LDBB
LD
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
37
Address Bus
03
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
Data
LD A
Bus
3
LD B
5
LD B
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
PC
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
38
Address Bus
03
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
Data
LD A
Bus
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
LD B
Halt
PC
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
mcp
IR
39
Address Bus
03
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD B
LD A
mcp
IR
40
Address Bus
03
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Fase 4
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
41
Address Bus
03
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
42
Address Bus
03
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
43
Address
03 Bus
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
44
Address Bus
04
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
45
Address Bus
04
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
55
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
46
Address Bus
04
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
3
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
47
Address Bus
04
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
3
B
5
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
48
Address Bus
04
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Fase 5
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
49
Address Bus
04
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
50
Address Bus
04
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
3
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
51
Address
04 Bus
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
3
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
52
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
53
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
54
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
A, B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
55
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
Data
LD A
Bus
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)ADD A, B
Halt
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
56
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
Data
LD A
Bus
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
ADD A, B
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD A
B
mcp
IR
57
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B LD A
B
mcp
IR
58
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD A,
A
B B IR
mcp
59
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B
ALU
C
ADD A, B
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
60
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B
ALU
C
ADD A, B
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
61
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
A
3
3
ALU
B
5
C
ADD A,
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
62
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
3
B
AD
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
63
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
5 B
3
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
64
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B 5
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
65
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B
5
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
66
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
67
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B
8
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
68
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
3
A
5
B
8
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
69
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
8 A
3
B
5
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
70
Address Bus
05
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Fase 6
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
71
Address Bus
05
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
72
Address
05 Bus
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
73
Address Bus
06
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
74
Address Bus
06
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD
LD …,
...AA
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
75
Address Bus
06
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
Data
LD A
Bus
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
HaltLD …, A
PC
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD A, B I R
mcp
76
Address Bus
06
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
LD …, A
ADD A, B I R
mcp
77
Address Bus
06
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Fase 7
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
78
Address Bus
06
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
79
Address
06 Bus
PC
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
80
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
81
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
82
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
83
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
Data
LD A
Bus
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
(10)
PC
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
84
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
(10)
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
85
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD(10)
…,
A,AB I R
mcp
86
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
(10)
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
87
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
(10)
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
88
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
83
(10)
A
B
5
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
89
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
(10) 83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
90
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
(10)
PC
Registri
83
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
91
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
Data
LD A
Bus
3
LD B
(10)
8
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
PC
Registri
8
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
92
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD
...A
(10)
(10)
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
8
A
5
B
8
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
93
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
(10)
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
8
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
8
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
94
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
8
Fase 8
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
8
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
95
Address Bus
07
07 P C
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
8
Data
Bus
Registri
8
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
96
Address
07 Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
8
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
8
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
97
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
8
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
8
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
98
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
Halt
8
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
8
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
99
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
8
Halt
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
8
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
100
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
8
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
8
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
Halt
ADD
LD …,
A,AB I R
mcp
101
Address Bus
07
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
LD A
3
LD B
5
ADD A,B
LD ...A
(10)
Halt
8
Data
Bus
PC
Registri
8
A
5
B
ALU
C
Blocco
Logico
ADD
LDHalt
…,
A,AB I R
mcp
102
Il riconoscimento del tipo di istruzione da eseguire avviene in base al contenuto di
alcuni bits dell’istruzione stessa costituenti il codice operativo, utilizzato anche per
riconoscere la classe di appartenenza della stessa istruzione.
CODICE
OPERATIVO
Altre informazioni
Codice operativo
di INCR
< indirizzo >
Esempi:
Operazione
Rd
Rs+Rd
Codice operativo
di ADDR
mcp
Registro
Sorgente
Registro
Destinazione
103