Laboratory for Underground
Nuclear Astrophysics
Carlo Broggini, INFN-Padova
NUPECC-Venezia
Gamow
Factor
Astrophysical
Factor
Nuclear Burning
in Stars
s(E)
s(Estar)
= S(E)
e–2ph
2ph = 31.29 Z1Z2 m/Ecm
m = m1m2 / (m1+m2)

Reaction Rate(star)  F(E) s(E) dE
Extrap.
Gamow Peak
Maxwell
Boltzmann
E-1
s
Meas.
LUNA
Men in pits or wells sometimes
see the stars….
Aristotle
INFN - Laboratori Nazionali del
Gran Sasso
R.Bonetti, C.Broggini*,F.Confortola,
P.Corvisiero,H.Costantini, J. Cruz,
A.Formicola, Z. Fülöp, G.Gervino,
A.Guglielmetti, C.Gustavino, G.
Gyurky, G. Imbriani, A.P.Jesus,
M.Junker, A.Lemut, B.Limata,
R.Menegazzo, P.Prati, V.Roca,
D.Rogalla, C.Rolfs, M.Romano,
C.RossiAlvarez, F.Schümann,
O.Straniero,F.Strieder,
E.Somorjai,F.Terrasi,H.P.Trautvetter
•INFN :
Genova, LNGS, Milano, Napoli, Padova,
Torino
•Inst.Physik mit Ionenstrahlen, RuhrUniversität Bochum (GE)
•Centro de Fisica Nuclear da Universidade
de Lisboa (Portugal)
•Atomki Debrecen (Hungary)
Fm
= 0.7 m-2 h-1
F
-6 cm-2 s-1

310
n
luna
LUNA1 ( 50 kV)
Voltage Range :
1 - 50 kV
Output Current:
1 mA
Beam energy spread:
20 eV
Long term stability (8 h):
10-4
Terminal Voltage ripple:
5 10-5
LUNA2 (400 kV)
Voltage Range :50-400 kV
Output Current: 1 mA (@ 400 kV)
Absolute Energy error
±300 eV
Beam energy spread:
<100 eV
Long term stability (1 h) :
5 eV
Terminal Voltage ripple:
5 Vpp Ge detector
pp chain
p + p  d + e+ + n e
d + p  3He + g
84.7 %
3He
+3He  a + 2p
3He
13.8 %
+4He  7Be + g
0.02 %
13.78 %
7Be+e- 7Li
7Li
+ g +ne
+p  a + a
7Be
+ p  8B + g
8B
2a + e++ ne
3He (3He,2p)4He
Q = 12.86 MeV
Epmax= 10.7 MeV
n from the Sun
smin = 0.02 pb
14N(p,g)15O
Q=7.3 MeV
n E<1.2 MeV
n E<1.7 MeV
n F
cno

cno
S1,14
Globular Cluster Age
S(0)=3.5-1.6+0.4 keV b (Ad98)
S(0)=3.2-0.8+0.8 keV b (An99)
S 14,1
/5
S 14,1 x5
Standard CF88
“High” energy: solid target + HpGe
gamma spectrum of
14N(p,g)15O
at Ep=140 keV
14N(p,g)15O
g.s. transition
S gs(0)=1.55±0.34 keV b
(Schr87)
S gs(0)=0.08+0.13–0.06 keV b
(Ang01)
S gs(0)=0.25±0.06 keV b
(LUNA)
S
tot(0)=1.7±0.1
n
cno
s
±0.2 keV b (LUNA)
~ 0.5
Globular cluster age:
~ 0.5
PLB 591(2004)61
A&A 420(2004)625
+0.7-1 Gy
10-7
mbar
10-6
mbar
10-4
mbar
BGO
0.5-2 mbar
Windowless gas-target
Max 10 mbar
Calorimeter
Low energy: gas target + BGO
LUNA has shown that it is
possible to measure s(Estar)
3He
(3He,2p)4He
14N(p,g)15O
n from he Sun
Novae
AGB stars
RGB stars
Globular cluster
n
cno