Politecnico di Milano, Facoltà di Architettura e Società
Corso di Laurea magistrale in Pianificazione Urbana e Politiche Territoriali
Master of Science in Urban Planning and Policy Design
Academic Year 2010/2011
Urban Planning and Design Studio
Professors:
Patrizia Gabellini, G. Bertrando Bonfantini, Antonio Longo
with:
Laura Domenichini, Giulia Fini, Marco Mareggi, Federico Zanfi
12.
RECOMPOSITION SCHEME
BOLOGNA
MUNICIPAL STRUCTURAL PLAN (PSC)
29th November 2010
G. Fini
Bologna: Municipal Structural Plan (PSC)
> During the lesson "Construction sites and projects“ the focus was
on:
• the concept of "city"
• the "seven cities of Bologna" as a tool
to interpret and project the contemporary territory
• the different types of projects linked together by each city
> In this lesson the main focus is on:
• once again on the "cities" as a re-composition tool for Bologna and
its metropolitan area
• the concept of "infrastructure" considering it in a broader sense
• the links between each city and infrastructure
> Each city presents and has been built on different structural
element
Bologna as a “Metropolitan city” and as "City of Cities” are the two
images that briefly set out the new approach of the Structural Plan
• The main problem is to structure the territory with its archipelago of
situations (each of them in some cases functioning as an islands).
• In the metropolitan area of Bologna, Seven Cities link together
historical nuclei, social housing quarters, citadels, clusters of houses in
the foothills.
These “chains” of situations are organized by different structural
elements, which name the cities as well.
• Cities and structural elements:
1. The railway network (the City of Railway)
2. The highway (the City of By-Pass Road)
3. The morphology (the City of Hills)
4. The main river (the City of Reno)
5. A small river and the road which delimitate the east boundaries of
Bologna (the City of Savena)
6. The old Roman road towards Piacenza (the City of Western Via Emilia)
7. The old Roman road towards Rimini (the City of Eastern Via Emilia)
• The 7 Cities distinguishes new urban forms and chains of spaces in the
urban area: they identify differences that are already present and
highlight the strategies that will guide future actions.
• Each one is strongly linked to the other, but each is unique through their
history, characteristics and future strategies, different series of spaces
where various populations and social practices prevail, where the way of
living changes.
The strategic schemes
of the Seven Cities of Bologna
The City of the Railway – The new image of Bologna
The City of the by-pass road: From great barrier to the linking road
The City of the hills: A new statute
The City of the River Reno: the Construction of a Landscape
The City of the River Savena: a Residential and productive city-park
The City of the Eastern Via Emilia: another metamorphosis
The City of the Western Via Emilia: another metamorphosis
The Seven Cities are the strategic and structural image of
the new Plan:
• Recognize the existence of new types of ‘urbanity’ already present
or potential;
• Take their name and shape from places, aiming to become familiar to
those living there, and to enter the non ‘expert’ public
communication circuits;
• Identify a clear and strong strategy for each cities:
> Strategies can be implemented during a long period of time
> through the main transformation projects and through small
requalification projects
> in the metropolitan districts or neighbourhoods municipalities;
• Seek to mobilize thoughts, generate waits, move actions, and
motivate care about the territory
“…In Bologna, the "seven cities" concept, is the operational
tool used to select, to interpret in an unitary way and to link
the singular areas of transformation.
These areas will transform the physical form and the
functioning of the metropolitan territory giving life to other
figures of different scales…”
"A Bologna le "sette città" sono lo stratagemma operativo per
selezionare, interpretare unitariamente e legare insieme singole
aree di trasformazione che muteranno l'assetto fisico e il
funzionamento del territorio metropolitano dando vita ad
altrettante figure quasi sempre di scala sovralocale.“
(P. Gabellini, Fare Urbanistica, Carocci, Roma, 2009, p.65)
• So we can consider each city as a "recomposition projects" that
gives sense and links different projects of the past (developed in
the Previous Plans), of the present and for the future of the city,
according with a structural image.
• There are present and past projects related to urbanized process
and future projects related to future strategy.
• Two others important topics…
• Two others important topics (I):
Structuring cities with Different elements
“… Equipment, roads, collective spaces and centralities,
ecological networks, water system and sewage networks: for
the term 'infrastructure' we must go back to the original
meaning, it is what allows and facilitates the continuance of
social reproduction, i.e. the pursuit and development of
production activities and social practices”
“So in this sense the concept of infrastructures is much wider
than what is normally understood by the term.
The infrastructure of a territory is made up of environment
elements as well as roads, communal or provincial technical offices,
professional organizations, the hospitals, schools, universities,
railway and roads systems…”
P. Viganò, B. Secchi (eds., 2001), Territories of a new modernity, Laterza, Roma Bari,
pag.118
• Two others important topics (II):
Infrastructures in a Wider Sense
“… Attrezzature, strade, spazi collettivi e centralità, reti
ecologiche, sistemi delle acque e reti fognarie: per
infrastruttura si deve tornare ad intendere ciò che consente e
facilita la prosecuzione del processo di riproduzione sociale, il
proseguimento e lo sviluppo cioè delle attività produttive e
delle pratiche sociali”
“In questo senso il concetto di infrastruttura è assai più ampio di
quanto venga solitamente inteso. Fa parte dell’infrastrutturazione
di un territorio l’ambiente, quanto la strada, l’ufficio comunale o
della provincia, l’organizzazione professionale quanto il sistema
ospedaliero, quello scolastico e universitario, ferroviario o
stradale…”
P. Viganò, B. Secchi (eds., 2001), Territories of a new modernity, Laterza, Roma Bari,
pag.118
• Two others important topics (II):
infrastructures in a wider sense
• "Giving the right sort of infrastructures means dealing with the
question of roads. All the contemporary territories have been increasingly
identified as a vast spectrum of times and schedules connected to the still
more vast spectrum of the social practices that depend on it“
• "Roads, public transport (railways, trams and buses), bicycle paths allow
articulation of movements; build places with different densities and their
various accessibilities; direct our attention towards the places of
discontinuity where one technique gives way to another; construct new
meeting places and services (…).
• "Providing new environmental infrastructures means taking a different
approach to the one in the past in the construction of a new landscape
where contemporary society is represented, in the management of the
water supply and system, in the production of energy from renewable
sources and its relation to open spaces.“
P. Viganò, B. Secchi (eds., 2001), Territories of a new modernity, Laterza, Roma Bari,
pag.120
• Two others important topics (II):
infrastructures in a wider sense
The city of Railway: the new image of Bologna
• It is the city where over the forthcoming years there will be the most important
transformations, where there will be a re-composition of the building
developments that have grown up both before and after the urban and industrial
revolution.
• It is the urban figure that stands at the centre of the redevelopment projects
that the PSC seeks to oversee, which will provide a new image for Bologna in
Italy and in Europe.
The City of the by-pass road: From great barrier to the linking road
The City of the by-pass road (From great barrier to link road)
• These developments suffer all the inconveniences related to the transit and their
habitability can only be improved through a system of links and open spaces:
- intersections, car parks, cycling and pedestrian ways
- areas of mitigation, agricultural spaces on the edges, green connection
• The progressive inclusion of the by-pass road, destined to become a metropolitan road,
will determine the multiplication of the places directly linked to it: areas of new urban
development and places to be re-developed which represent the range of metropolitan
uses and practices.
The City of the by-pass road: From great barrier to the linking road
The City of the by-pass road: From great barrier to the linking road
Area Parco Nord:
esplorazioni
progettuali.
Planimetria generale
Ipotesi per la
riqualificazione della zona
a nord della Fiera
Coordinamento Prof. C. Quintelli
Università degli Studi di Parma –
dicembre 2006
The City of the by-pass road: From great barrier to the linking road
The City of the River Reno: the Construction of a Landscape
The City of the Reno - The construction of a landscape
• it is a unifying element in a discontinuous metropolitan city, consisting of urban
developments that are mainly residential but not often related to the river park.
• this city needs to be recognized as such and to be improved by working on the
pedestrian and cycle links across it, on the centrality of the existing districts and
on relations with the other Cities.
The City of the River Savena: a Residential and productive city-park
The City of the Savena – A residential and productive park
• For the City of the Savena the emphasis is shifted from the void to the building
development of the park, highlighting the difference between the environment
of the Savena and that of the Reno, and therefore the differing role that open
spaces can play in the two different contexts.
• Residential areas, quality manufacturing and services areas are developed
together, mixed with open parklands, natural environments, agricultural spaces,
composing a (new) real metropolitan city
The City of the Western Via Emilia: another metamorphosis
The City of the Eastern Via Emilia: another metamorphosis
• The two Cities of Via Emilia open the historic center and provide the
regeneration of the Roman road on which Bologna was built.
This is the condition for reinforcing livability and creating new central points
where there are many historical nuclei.
Types of interventions:
• Introducing a new dedicated
public transport systems
• Improving of car parks near to
the bus stops
• Moving of private traffic into
existing or new link road
• New connections with cycle
tracks, linked with basic
services and with public bus
stops
• Improving public areas along
the road
• Restoring links with
neighbouring urban centres
The objectives:
• to return the Via Emilia to
its role as a urban
backbone;
• to rebuilt transversal links
with neighbouring areas
that have been interrupted
for some time;
• to return roads and public
squares to pedestrian uses.
Differences in the
transportation systems and
differences in the buildings
which have been developed to
the east and to the west
suggested different planning
strategies and designs.
• To the east a new automatic
trolleybus (Civis) will link the
Roman and Medieval city with
the eighteenth and nineteenth
area of expansion, with the
modern Due Madonna and
Fossolo districts, and with the
new area planned by the PSC in
the Savena area.
• This succession of interventions
will find their common
structural point of reference in
the redeveloped road Via
Emilia.
• A metropolitan transport
service to the west both above
and below ground
• It will connect the Roman
and medieval city with the first
concentrated eighteenth and
nineteenth century
developments, the old
industrial centre of Santa Viola,
the old district of Borgo
Panigale developed with the
creation of the public housing
districts of the fifties, sixties
and seventies.
• Some urban episodes,
different and autonomous,
which may become a system
restructuring the road and
introducing a new public
transport.
7 Cities: territorial figures:
The PSC Strategy
7 Cities: territorial figures:
The PSC Strategy
Systems and Contexts:
For Extending Quality
7 Cities: territorial figures:
The PSC Strategy
Systems and Contexts:
For Extending Quality
Situations:
For Local Guidelines
Bolognina. Renewal and regeneration projects for the XIX century historic town
Saffi. The renewal of dismissed railways and military areas inside the city
Beverara. The last project of the 80’ masterplan
Mazzini. The “historic town” outside the city centre
7 Cities: territorial figures:
The PSC Strategy
Systems and Contexts:
For Extending Quality
Situations:
For Local Guidelines
References
> http://www.comune.bologna.it/psc/
> http://www.planum.net/topics/main/m-bologna.html english text
> http://informa.comune.bologna.it/iperbole/psc/introduzione/828/
> http://www.comune.bologna.it/laboratoriomercato/presentazione.htm
> B. Bonfantini, F. Evangelisti, (a cura di, 2009), Bologna. Leggere il nuovo piano
urbanistico. PSC + RUE + PC, Edisai, Ferrara english text
> Ginocchini G., Manaresi C. (a cura di, 2008), “Bologna, un nuovo piano”, in
Urbanistica, n. 135. english text
Gabellini P. (2006), “Interpreting the breakdown of the urban model: three Italian
case studies”, in Enlil Z. La Greca P. (eds), Cities between Integration and
Disintegration. Opportunities and Challenges, IsoCaRP Review 02, Sitges english
text
> Gabellini P. (2006), “Interpretare la rottura del modello urbano: tre casi italiani”, in
Enlil Z. La Greca P. (a cura di), Cities between Integration and Disintegration.
Opportunities and Challenges, IsoCaRP Review 02, Sitges (or in: Territorio, n. 38,
2006 con il titolo “Interpretare la rottura del modello urbano: Bologna, Jesi,
Milano”.
>
Thank you for your attention!