List of the tested bioclimatic indices
∑ (T
max
veraison
− Tmin )
25.0
25.0
20.0
20.0
15.0
15.0
10.0
10.0
5.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
01
-a
p
04 r
-a
p
07 r
-a
p
10 r
-a
p
13 r
-a
p
16 r
-a
p
07 r
-a
g
10 o
-a
g
13 o
-a
g
16 o
-a
go
IF =
harvest
30.0
IF
Budapest, 24th November 2008
Tmin
Tmax
IF (°C)
Growing Degree Days (GDD) above different threshold temperatures
Winkler Index IW (Ts = 10 °C)
Gladstones Index IG (Ts = 10 °C), cut off at 19 °C
Huglin Index IH (Ts = 10°C)
Sum of daily temperature excursion
Fregoni Index IF
30.0
Tavg (°C)
•
•
•
•
•
•
List of the tested bioclimatic indices
•
•
•
•
Ribereau-Gayon-Peynaud Index RGP
Heliothermic Index Branas Ih
Sun Hours Sum Ie
Global radiation Sum Ir
31 ottobre
RGP =
∑
(max Tavg − 10;0  − Pioggia ) Ih =
∑
(max Tavg − 10;0  ⋅ insolazione)
1aprile
1aprile
31 ottobre
31ottobre
Ie =
31 ottobre
∑
1aprile
insolazione
Ir =
∑
radiazione globale
1 aprile
Budapest, 24th November 2008
Chemical-Analytical data
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
°Brix
pH
Total Acidity
Malic Acid
Tartaric Acid
Ripening Index IM=Brix/(Tartaric Acid*Malic Acid)
ln[Total Acidity]
ln[Malic Acid]
ln[Tartaric Acid]
ln[IM]
Budapest, 24th November 2008
Example of pluriannual ripening data (Pinot noir)
Appezzamenti
CodAppezzamento
VITIGNO
CC_NAME
CH MO 5-1
Chardonnay
Ravina
CH MO 5-2
Chardonnay
Ravina
Dati analitici
CodAppezzamento
Data
pH
Brix
CH MO 5-1
24/07/07
13
CH MO 5-2
30/07/07
14.54
CH MO 5-3
06/08/07
17.08
Chemical-analytical data
Budapest, 24th November 2008
Pluriannual trend of the bioclimatic index GDD10
6/08/07
Budapest, 24th November 2008
18/12/08
Meteorological data
°GDD
Extraction of the GDD10 value for each sampling date
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
01/10/00
13/02/02
28/06/03
09/11/04
24/03/06
Sampling date
Budapest, 24th November 2008
06/08/07
X/Y Plot GDD10 vs.°Brix
Budapest, 24th November 2008
Statistical analysis: pearson correlation coefficients
Corr. Pearson
r
°Brix pH TotAc
MalicAc TartaricAc IM=B/(AcT*AcM)
ln[TotAc]
JD
Σ GDD(Ts=10°C) = IW
Σ GDD(Ts=19°C)
Huglin
Gladstones
Fregoni
Σ ET 01/06
RGP
Branas
Σ Ie
Σ rain
ΣIr
ΣId
Budapest, 24th November 2008
ln[MalicAc] ln[TartaricAc] ln[IM]
Statistical analysis: pearson correlation coefficients
Corr. Pearson rr
PEARSON
°Brix
°Brix pH
pH AcTot
TotAc
MalicAc
TartaricAc IM=B/(AcT*AcM)
ln[TotalAc]
MalicAc TartaricAc
IM=B/(AcT*AcM)
ln[TotAc]
ln[MalicAc]
ln[MalicAc] ln[TartaricAc]
ln[TartaricAc] ln[IM]
ln[IM]
JD
JD
 GDD
(Ts=10°C) ==IW
Σ
GDD(Ts=10°C)
IW
 GDD
Σ
GDD(Ts=19°C)
Indice Huglin
Huglin
Indice Gladstones
Gladstones
Indice Fregoni
Fregoni
 Escursione
Σ
ET 01/06 termica 01/06
0.93
0.88 -0.82
-0.80
-0.74
0.76
-0.88
-0.84
-0.83
0.90
0.94
0.93 -0.85
-0.83
-0.78
0.82
-0.93
-0.89
-0.86
0.93
0.87
0.86 -0.82
-0.74
-0.70
0.69
-0.88
-0.79
-0.78
0.84
0.94
0.94 -0.86
-0.83
-0.79
0.81
-0.93
-0.89
-0.86
0.93
0.96
0.91 -0.85
-0.85
-0.77
0.84
-0.92
-0.89
-0.88
0.94
0.93
0.92 -0.84
-0.79
-0.78
0.80
-0.91
-0.88
-0.84
0.91
0.93
0.91 -0.82
-0.78
-0.75
0.77
-0.90
-0.85
-0.83
0.89
0.77
0.72 -0.65
-0.53
-0.56
0.72
-0.75
-0.70
-0.55
0.72
0.94
0.90 -0.86
-0.82
-0.77
0.83
-0.93
-0.89
-0.85
0.93
0.96
0.86 -0.85
-0.79
-0.73
0.80
-0.91
-0.85
-0.83
0.92
0.56
0.60 -0.57
-0.64
-0.54
0.38
-0.56
-0.52
-0.67
0.56
0.95
0.87 -0.83
-0.77
-0.74
0.83
-0.90
-0.87
-0.81
0.92
0.55
0.61 -0.49
-0.47
-0.54
0.63
-0.59
-0.65
-0.48
0.62
Indice Idrotermico RGP
RGP
Indice Branas
Branas
 Insolazione
Σ
Ie
 Precipitazione
Σ
rain
 Ir
Radiazione globale
Σ
 Id
Radiazione diretta
Σ
Budapest, 24th November 2008
Choice of the best fitting bioclimatic indices
PEARSON r 2
°Brix pH TotAc
MalicAc TartaricAc IM=B/(AcT*AcM)
ln[TotAc]
ln[MalicAc] ln[TartaricAc] ln[IM]
JD
Σ GDD(Ts=10°C) =IW
0.87 0.77 0.67
0.89 0.86 0.73
0.63
0.68
0.55
0.61
0.58
0.67
0.78
0.87
0.70
0.79
0.70
0.73
0.81
0.86
Σ GDD(Ts=19°C)
Huglin
0.55
0.69
0.49
0.62
0.48
0.66
0.77
0.86
0.62
0.79
0.61
0.74
0.70
0.86
Gladstones
0.75 0.74 0.67
0.89 0.88 0.73
0.92 0.82 0.73
0.71
0.60
0.70
0.86
0.79
0.77
0.88
Fregoni
Σ ET 01/06
0.87 0.84 0.70
0.87 0.82 0.68
0.63
0.61
0.61
0.56
0.65
0.59
0.83
0.82
0.78
0.72
0.71
0.69
0.82
0.80
RGP
Branas
Σ Ie
0.59 0.51 0.42
0.88 0.81 0.74
0.92 0.75 0.72
0.28
0.67
0.31
0.59
0.51
0.69
0.50
0.79
0.30
0.72
0.63
0.53
0.64
0.56
0.86
0.82
0.72
0.69
0.52
0.87
0.84
Σ rain
Σ Ir
Σ Id
0.31 0.36 0.33
0.90 0.75 0.69
0.31 0.37 0.24
0.41
0.60
0.22
0.29
0.54
0.29
0.14
0.70
0.40
0.31
0.82
0.27
0.75
0.42
0.44
0.65
0.23
Budapest, 24th November 2008
0.34
0.31
0.85
0.38
Budapest, 24th November 2008
Cartografia del progetto CAVIT2007
Collegamento con la cartografia
di base (WMS)
• tematismi vari di sfondo
Cartografia di progetto
• Vigneti
• Mappa viticola
• Collegamento al dbase
PostgreSQL
Budapest, 24th November 2008
Cartografia del progetto CAVIT2007
Budapest, 24th November 2008
Conclusions
• Empirical models based on bioclimatic indices allow to predict locally the
ripening time and the main quality’s parameters of grapes.
• Heat sums are strongly correlated with sugar accumulation and acids
degradation.
• The site effect is very high and the upscaling of the regression equations to the
landscape is at the moment not affordable.
• Global change scenarios should consider not only air temperature as main
driving factor for viticulture and specially for grape quality!
Budapest, 24th November 2008
Acknowledgements
Cavit s.c. Trento
U. Met FEM-VRN
Dott. Silvia Chini
Dott. Luca Delucchi
Contact address
Roberto Zorer
Fondazione Edmund Mach – FEM
Istituto Agrario di S. Michele all’Adige – IASMA
Dip. VRP – U. Viticuture
Tel. ++ 39 0461 615324
[email protected]
Budapest, 24th November 2008